§498ΣΩ. τί δέ;
SOCRATES: And what?
νοῦν ἔχοντα λυπούμενον καὶ χαίροντα;
Have you seen a man of sense in pain and rejoicing?
ΚΑΛ. φημί.
CALLICLES: Yes, I have.
ΣΩ. πότεροι δὲ μᾶλλον χαίρουσι καὶ λυποῦνται, οἱ φρόνιμοι ἢ οἱ ἄφρονες;
SOCRATES: And which class rejoices and feels pain more, the wise or the foolish?
ΚΑΛ. οἶμαι ἔγωγε οὐ πολύ τι διαφέρειν.
CALLICLES: I think there is no great difference.
ΣΩ. ἀλλʼ ἀρκεῖ καὶ τοῦτο.
SOCRATES: Well, even this is enough.
ἐν πολέμῳ δὲ ἤδη εἶδες ἄνδρα δειλόν;
But have you ever seen a cowardly man in war?
ΚΑΛ. πῶς γὰρ οὔ;
CALLICLES: Of course I have.
ΣΩ. τί οὖν;
SOCRATES: What then?
ἀπιόντων τῶν πολεμίων πότεροί σοι ἐδόκουν μᾶλλον χαίρειν, οἱ δειλοὶ ἢ οἱ ἀνδρεῖοι;
When the enemy retreated, which seemed to you to rejoice more, the cowards or the courageous?
ΚΑΛ. ἀμφότεροι ἔμοιγε· εἰ δὲ μή, παραπλησίως γε.
CALLICLES: Both, I thought, or if not, at least about equally.
ΣΩ. οὐδὲν διαφέρει.
SOCRATES: It makes no difference.
χαίρουσιν δʼ οὖν καὶ οἱ δειλοί;
At any rate, do the cowards also rejoice?
ΚΑΛ. σφόδρα γε.
CALLICLES: Very much so.
ΣΩ. καὶ οἱ ἄφρονες, ὡς ἔοικεν.
SOCRATES: And the foolish too, it seems.
ΚΑΛ. ναί.
CALLICLES: Yes.
ΣΩ. προσιόντων δὲ οἱ δειλοὶ μόνον λυποῦνται ἢ καὶ οἱ ἀνδρεῖοι;
SOCRATES: But when the enemy approaches, do only the cowards feel pain, or do the courageous too?
ΚΑΛ. ἀμφότεροι.
CALLICLES: Both.
ΣΩ. ἆρα ὁμοίως;
SOCRATES: Equally?
ΚΑΛ. μᾶλλον ἴσως οἱ δειλοί.
CALLICLES: More, perhaps, the cowards.
ΣΩ. ἀπιόντων δʼ οὐ μᾶλλον χαίρουσιν;
SOCRATES: And when they retreat, do they not rejoice more?
ΚΑΛ. ἴσως.
CALLICLES: Perhaps.
ΣΩ. οὐκοῦν λυποῦνται μὲν καὶ χαίρουσιν καὶ οἱ ἄφρονες καὶ οἱ φρόνιμοι καὶ οἱ δειλοὶ καὶ οἱ ἀνδρεῖοι παραπλησίως, ὡς σὺ φῄς, μᾶλλον δὲ οἱ δειλοὶ τῶν ἀνδρείων;
SOCRATES: Then do both the foolish and the wise, and both the cowards and the courageous, feel pain and rejoice about equally, as you say, but the cowards even more than the courageous?
ΚΑΛ. φημί.
CALLICLES: Yes, I say so.
ΣΩ. ἀλλὰ μὴν οἵ γε φρόνιμοι καὶ οἱ ἀνδρεῖοι ἀγαθοί, οἱ δὲ δειλοὶ καὶ ἄφρονες κακοί;
SOCRATES: But furthermore, are the wise and courageous good, and the cowards and foolish bad?
ΚΑΛ. ναί.
CALLICLES: Yes.
ΣΩ. παραπλησίως ἄρα χαίρουσιν καὶ λυποῦνται οἱ ἀγαθοὶ καὶ οἱ κακοί;
SOCRATES: Therefore, do the good and the bad rejoice and feel pain about equally?
ΚΑΛ. φημί.
CALLICLES: Yes, I say so.
ΣΩ. ἆρʼ οὖν παραπλησίως εἰσὶν ἀγαθοὶ καὶ κακοὶ οἱ ἀγαθοί τε καὶ οἱ κακοί;
SOCRATES: Are, then, the good and the bad good and bad to about an equal degree?
ἢ καὶ ἔτι μᾶλλον ἀγαθοὶ εἰσιν οἱ κακοί;
Or are the bad even more good?
ΚΑΛ. ἀλλὰ μὰ Δίʼ οὐκ οἶδʼ ὅτι λέγεις.
CALLICLES: But by Zeus, I do not know what you mean.
ΣΩ. οὐκ οἶσθʼ ὅτι τοὺς ἀγαθοὺς ἀγαθῶν φῂς παρουσίᾳ εἶναι ἀγαθούς, καὶ κακοὺς δὲ κακῶν;
SOCRATES: Do you not know that you say the good are good by the presence of good things, and the bad by the presence of bad things?
τὰ δὲ ἀγαθὰ εἶναι τὰς ἡδονάς, κακὰ δὲ τὰς ἀνίας;
And that the good things are pleasures, and the bad things pains?
ΚΑΛ. ἔγωγε.
CALLICLES: Yes, I do.
ΣΩ. οὐκοῦν τοῖς χαίρουσιν πάρεστιν τἀγαθά, αἱ ἡδοναί, εἴπερ χαίρουσιν;
SOCRATES: Then do those who rejoice have good things present to them—that is, pleasures—if indeed they rejoice?
ΚΑΛ. πῶς γὰρ οὔ;
CALLICLES: Of course they do.
ΣΩ. οὐκοῦν ἀγαθῶν παρόντων ἀγαθοί εἰσιν οἱ χαίροντες;
SOCRATES: Therefore, since good things are present, are those who rejoice good?
ΚΑΛ. ναί.
CALLICLES: Yes.
ΣΩ. τί δέ;
SOCRATES: And what?
τοῖς ἀνιωμένοις οὐ πάρεστιν τὰ κακά, αἱ λῦπαι;
Do those who feel pain not have bad things present to them—namely, pains?
ΚΑΛ. πάρεστιν.
CALLICLES: They are present.
ΣΩ. κακῶν δέ γε παρουσίᾳ φῂς σὺ εἶναι κακοὺς τοὺς κακούς· ἢ οὐκέτι φῄς;
SOCRATES: And yet you say that the bad are bad by the presence of bad things; or do you no longer say so?
ΚΑΛ. ἔγωγε.
CALLICLES: Yes, I do.
ΣΩ. ἀγαθοὶ ἄρα οἳ ἂν χαίρωσι, κακοὶ δὲ οἳ ἂν ἀνιῶνται;
SOCRATES: So those who rejoice are good, and those who feel pain are bad?
ΚΑΛ. πάνυ γε.
CALLICLES: Most certainly.
ΣΩ. οἳ μέν γε μᾶλλον μᾶλλον, οἳ δʼ ἧττον ἧττον, οἳ δὲ παραπλησίως παραπλησίως;
SOCRATES: And those who feel so more are more so, those who feel so less are less so, and those who feel so about equally are about equally so?
ΚΑΛ. ναί.
CALLICLES: Yes.
ΣΩ. οὐκοῦν φῂς παραπλησίως χαίρειν καὶ λυπεῖσθαι τοὺς φρονίμους καὶ τοὺς ἄφρονας καὶ τοὺς δειλοὺς καὶ τοὺς ἀνδρείους, ἢ καὶ μᾶλλον ἔτι τοὺς δειλούς;
SOCRATES: Then do you say that the wise and the foolish, the cowardly and the courageous, rejoice and feel pain about equally, or even the cowardly still more?
ΚΑΛ. ἔγωγε.
CALLICLES: Yes, I do.