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Justinian I · The Digest of Justinian §19.5.15.pr

Reward for Locating Runaway Slaves and Actions on the Case

Passage 2902 of 9271 · Latin

Summary

The text discusses the legal relationships and available actions concerning the act of informing a master of a runaway slave's whereabouts for a reward, distinguishing between cases where the reward has already been paid and where an agreement for payment has been made beforehand.

[IDEM libro quadragesimo secundo ad Sabinum. ] §19.5.15.prSolent, qui nouerunt seruos fugitiuos alicubi celari, indicare eos dominis ubi celentur: quae res non facit eos fures.
[THE SAME AUTHOR in the forty-second book on Sabinus.] Those who know that runaway slaves are hidden somewhere are accustomed to indicate to their masters where they are hidden; which circumstance does not make them thieves.
solent etiam mercedem huius rei accipere et sic indicare, nec uidetur illicitum esse hoc quod datur.
They are also accustomed to receive a reward for this matter and so indicate, nor does that which is given seem to be unlawful.
quare qui accepit, quia ob causam accepit nec improbam causam, non timet condictionem.
Therefore, he who has received it, because he received it for a cause, and not an improper cause, does not fear a claim for return.
quod si solutum quidem nihil est, sed pactio intercessit ob indicium, hoc est ut, si indicasset adprehensusque esset fugitiuus, certum aliquid daretur, uideamus, an possit agere.
But if indeed nothing has been paid, but an agreement has intervened for the information, that is, that if he gave the information and the runaway was apprehended, something certain should be given, let us see whether he can bring an action.
et quidem conuentio ista non est nuda, ut quis dicat ex pacto actionem non oriri, sed habet in se negotium aliquod: ergo ciuilis actio oriri potest, id est praescriptis uerbis.
And indeed, that agreement is not bare, so that one might say that an action does not arise from a pact, but it has in itself some transaction; therefore, a civil action can arise, that is, in prescribed words.
nisi si quis et in hac specie de dolo actionem competere dicat, ubi dolus aliquis arguatur.
Unless indeed someone should say that also in this case an action for fraud is available, where some fraud is proved.

Notes

  1. 19.5.15.prcondictionem — An action for return (condictio). A civil law action brought to recover property transferred without a cause or for an improper cause (ob turpem causam). Here, because there is a proper cause (the provision of information), there is no fear of such a claim.
  2. 19.5.15.prpraescriptis uerbis — An action in prescribed words (actio praescriptis uerbis). A civil law action used in innominate contracts where one party has already performed their obligation (here, providing information leading to apprehension) but the other party fails to provide the counter-performance, utilizing a formula detailing the facts of the case.

Cite this passage

Justinian I, The Digest of Justinian §19.5.15.pr. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:latinLit:phi2806.phi002.humanitext-lat1:19.5.15.pr

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