§77.
7.
Ὁ δὲ πνεύμων πρὸς τῇ καρδίῃ ἐγένετο ὧδε· τοῦ ὑγροῦ ὁκόσον ἦν κολλωδέστατον, ἡ καρδίη θερμαίνουσα ταχὺ ἐξήρανεν ὅκως περ ἀφρὸν, καὶ ἐποίησε σηραγγῶδες, καὶ φλέβια πολλὰ ἐν αὐτέῳ.
The lung was formed near the heart in this way: as much of the liquid as was most glutinous, the heart, heating it, quickly dried it up like foam, and made it spongy, and made many small vessels in it.
Διὰ δὲ τοῦτο ἐποίησε τὰ φλέβια· ὁκόσον ἐν τῷ κολλώδει ἐνῆν ψυχρὸν, τοῦτο μὲν ὑπὸ τοῦ θερμοῦ διετάκη καὶ ἐγένετο ὑγρόν· τὸ δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ κολλώδεος αὐτὸς ὁ χιτών.
And for this reason it made the small vessels: as much of the cold as was in the glutinous, this on the one hand was melted by the heat and became liquid; and that from the glutinous became the membrane itself.
§88.
8.
Τὸ δὲ ἧπαρ ὧδε ξυνέστὴ· ξὺν τῷ θερμῷ πουλὺ τοῦ ὑγροῦ ἀπολὴφθὲν ἄνευ τοῦ κολλώδεος καὶ τοῦ λιπαροῦ, ἐκράτησε τὸ ψυχρὸν τοῦ θερμοῦ, καὶ ἐπάγη.
And the liver was formed in this way: much of the liquid being cut off along with the heat, without the glutinous and the fatty, the cold overcame the heat and it solidified.
Τεκμήριον δέ μοι τόδε· ὁκόταν σφάξῃ τις ἱερεῖον, τέως μὲν ἂν θερμὸν ᾖ, ὑγρόν ἐστι τὸ αἷμα· ἐπειδὰν δὲ ψυχθῇ, ἐπάγη· ἢν δέ τις αὐτὸ τινάσσῃ, οὐ πήγνυται· αἱ γὰρ ἶνές εἰσι ψυχραὶ καὶ κολλώδεες.
And my proof is this: whenever someone slaughters a victim, as long as it is warm, the blood is liquid; but when it cools, it solidifies; but if someone shakes it, it does not solidify; for the fibers are cold and glutinous.
§99.
9.
Ὁ δὲ σπλὴν συνέστη ὧδε· σὺν τῷ θερμῷ καὶ κολλώδει καὶ τοῦ θερμοῦ πλεῖστον, τοῦ δὲ ψυχροῦ ἐλάχιστον, τοσοῦτον μόνον ὁκόσον πῆξαι τὸ κολλῶδες αὐτὸ, ὅ εἰσιν αἱ ἶνες αἱ ἐνοῦσαι ἐν τῷ σπληνί· καὶ διὰ τὰς ἶνας ταύτας μαλακός ἐστιν ὁ σπλὴν καὶ ἰνώδης.
And the spleen was formed in this way: with the hot and the glutinous, and having the most of the hot and the least of the cold, only so much as to solidify the glutinous itself, which are the fibers present in the spleen; and because of these fibers the spleen is soft and fibrous.
Οἱ δὲ νεφροὶ ξυνέστησαν ὧδε· ὀλίγον τοῦ κολλώδεος, τοῦ θερμοῦ ὀλίγον, τοῦ ψυχροῦ πλεῖστον, καὶ ἐπάγη ὑπὸ τούτου, καὶ ἐγένετο σκληρότατον τὸ σπλάγχνον καὶ ἥκιστα ἐρυθρὸν, ὅτι οὐ πουλὺ τοῦ θερμοῦ ξυνέστη.
And the kidneys were formed in this way: a little of the glutinous, a little of the hot, most of the cold, and it was solidified by this, and it became the hardest internal organ and the least red, because it was not formed from much of the hot.
Ὁ δὲ αὐτὸς λόγος καὶ περὶ τῶν σαρκῶν· τὸ μὲν ψυχρὸν ἔστησε καὶ ξυνέπηξε καὶ ἐποίησε σάρκα, τὸ δὲ κολλῶδες τρῶγλαι ἐγένοντο· ἐν δὲ τῇσι τρώγλῃσι ταύτῃσι τὸ ὑγρὸν, ὥσπερ καὶ ἐν τῇσι φλεψὶ τῇσι μεγάλῃσιν.
And the same account also holds concerning the flesh: the cold on the one hand set and solidified and made flesh, and the glutinous on the other hand became cavities; and in these cavities is the liquid, just as in the large vessels.
Τὸ δὲ θερμὸν ἐν παντὶ τῷ σώματι, πλεῖστον δὲ τοῦ ὑγροῦ ἐν τῷ σώματι, καὶ τοῦ ψυχροῦ πουλὺ ἐν τῷ ὑγρῷ· τοσοῦτο δέ ἐστι τοῦ ψυχροῦ ὁκόσον δύναται πῆξαι τὸ ὑγρόν· ἀλλὰ νενίκηται, ὥστε διακέχυται ὑπὸ τοῦ θερμοῦ.
And the hot is in the whole body, and most of the liquid is in the body, and much of the cold is in the liquid; and there is so much of the cold as is able to solidify the liquid; but it has been overcome, so that it is melted by the hot.
Ἡ δὲ ἀπόδειξις τοῦ ὑγροῦ ὅτι θερμόν ἐστιν, εἴ τις ἐθέλοι τάμνειν τοῦ ἀνθρώπου τοῦ σώματος, ὅκου ἐθέλοι· ῥεύσει τε αἷμα θερμὸν, καὶ τέως μὲν ἂν θερμὸν ᾖ, ὑγρὸν ἔσται· ἐπειδὰν δὲ ψυχθῇ ὑπό τε τοῦ ἐνεόντος ψυχροῦ καὶ τοῦ ἐκτὸς, ἐγένετο δέρμα καὶ ὑμὴν, καὶ εἴ τις ἀφελὼν τοῦτο τὸ δέρμα ἐάσειεν ὀλίγου χρόνου, ὄψεται ἄλλο δέρμα γινόμενον· εἰ δέ τις τοῦτο αἰεὶ ἀφαιρεῖ, ἄλλο δέρμα γίνοιτ’ ἂν πρὸς τοῦ ψυχροῦ.
And the proof that the liquid is hot is if someone should wish to cut the human body, wherever he should wish: warm blood will flow, and as long as it is warm, it will be liquid; but when it has cooled by both the cold within and that without, it becomes skin and membrane, and if someone, having removed this skin, should leave it for a little time, he will see another skin being formed; and if someone always removes this, another skin would be formed by the cold.
Τούτου δὲ εἵνεκα πλείω ἔλεξα, τέως ἀποδείξω ὅτι τὸ ἔσχατον τοῦ σώματος πρὸς τοῦ ἠέρος ἀναγκαίως ἔχει δέρμα γενέσθαι ὑπὸ τοῦ ψυχροῦ καὶ τῶν πνευμάτων προσβαλλόντων.
And I have said more for this reason, so that I may show that the outermost part of the body, facing the air, necessarily must become skin under the influence of the cold and the blowing winds.
§1010.
10.
Τὰ δὲ ἄρθρα ὧδε ἐγένετο· ὅτε τὰ ὀστέα ξυνίστατο, ὁκόσα μὲν αὐτέων λιπαρὰ ἦν, τάχιστα ἐξεκαύθη, ὥσπερ πρόσθεν λέλεκται ἐν τῷ προτέρῳ λόγῳ· ὁκόσον δ’ αὐτέων κολλῶδες ἦν, τοῦτο δὲ οὐκ ἠδύνατο ἐκκαυθῆναι, ἀλλὰ μεταξὺ ἀποληφθὲν τοῦ καιομένου καὶ ξηραινομένου ὑπὸ τοῦ θερμοῦ νεῦρα καὶ σίαλον ἐγένετο· τὸ δὲ σίαλον, ὁκόσον τοῦ κολλώδεος ὑγρότατον ἦν, τόδε θερμαινόμενον παχύτερον ἐγένετο ὑγρὸν ἐόν· καὶ ἀπὸ τούτου σίαλον ἐγένετο.
And the joints were formed in this way: when the bones were being formed, as many of them as were fatty were burned out most quickly, just as has been said before in the preceding account; but as much of them as was glutinous, this could not be burned out, but being cut off in the midst of what was being burned and dried by the heat, it became ligaments and fluid; and this fluid, whichever was the most liquid of the glutinous, this, being heated, became thicker, though being liquid; and from this fluid was formed.
§1111.
11.
Οἱ δὲ ὄνυχες ἀπὸ τουτέου ἐγένοντο τοῦ κολλώδεος· ἀπὸ γὰρ τῶν ὀστέων καὶ τῶν ἄρθρων αἰεὶ τὸ ὑγρότατον αὐτέου ἀπιὸν κολλῶδες γίνεται, ἀπὸ τοῦ θερμοῦ ξηραινόμενον καὶ ἐξαυαινόμενον, θύραζε ὄνυχες.
And the nails were formed from this glutinous substance: for from the bones and the joints, its most liquid part, always departing, becomes glutinous, being dried and parched by the heat, and becomes nails on the outside.
§1212.
12.
Οἱ δὲ ὀδόντες ὕστερον γίνονται διὰ τόδε· ἀπὸ τῶν ὀστέων τῶν ἐν τῇ κεφαλῇ καὶ τοῖν γνάθοιν ἡ αὔξησις γίνεται· τοῦ κολλώδεος καὶ τοῦ λιπαροῦ τὸ ἐνεὸν ὑπὸ τοῦ θερμοῦ ξηραινόμενον ἐκκαίεται, καὶ γίνονταί ὀδόντες σκληρότεροι τῶν ἄλλων ὀστέων, ὅτι οὐκ ἔνεστι τοῦ ψυχροῦ.
And the teeth are formed later for this reason: their growth occurs from the bones in the head and in the two jaws; the glutinous and the fatty contained in them, being dried by the heat, is burned out, and teeth are formed, harder than the other bones, because there is no cold in them.
Καὶ οἱ μὲν πρῶτοι ὀδόντες φύονται ἀπὸ τῆς διαίτης τῆς ἐν τῇ μήτρῃ, καὶ, ἐπὴν γένηται, ἀπὸ τοῦ γάλακτος θηλάζοντι τῷ παιδίῳ· ἐπειδὰν δὲ οὗτοι ἐκπέσωσιν ἀπὸ τῶν σιτίων καὶ τῶν ποτῶν, ἐκπίπτουσι δὲ ἐπειδὰν ἑπτὰ ἔτεα ἔῃ τῆς πρώτης τροφῆς, ἔστι δὲ καὶ οἷς πρότερον, ἢν ἀπὸ νοσερῆς τροφῆς φυῶσιν· τοῖσι δὲ πλείστοισιν, ἐπειδὰν ἑπτὰ ἔτεα γένηται· οἱ δὲ μεταφυέοντες συγκαταγηράσκουσιν, ἢν μὴ ὑπὸ νόσου διαφθαρῶσι.
And the first teeth grow from the nourishment in the womb, and, after it is born, from the milk when the child sucks; and when these fall out because of food and drink—and they fall out when seven years have passed from the first nourishment (though there are some for whom it is earlier, if they grew from unhealthy nourishment, but for most when seven years have passed)—those that grow in their place grow old together with them, unless they are destroyed by disease.