§845ὧδε μὲν Ρωμαῖοι διέθεντο τὰ δορίκτητα, Ἀντιόχου δʼ ὕστερον τοῦ μεγάλου βασιλέως τελευτήσαντος γίγνεται Σέλευκος ὁ υἱὸς διάδοχος· καὶ τὸν ἀδελφὸν ὅδε Ἀντίοχον ἐξέλυσε τῆς ὑπὸ Ῥωμαίοις ὁμηρείας, ἀντιδοὺς τὸν ἑαυτοῦ παῖδα Δημήτριον.
In this way the Romans disposed of the territories won by the spear. Later, after the death of King Antiochus the Great, his son Seleucus became his successor; he released his brother Antiochus from his hostage-ship under the Romans, giving in exchange his own son Demetrius.
Ἀντιόχου δʼ ἐπανιόντος ἐκ τῆς ὁμηρείας καὶ ὄντος ἔτι περὶ Ἀθήνας, ὁ μὲν Σέλευκος ἐξ ἐπιβουλῆς Ἡλιοδώρου τινὸς τῶν περὶ τὴν αὐλὴν ἀποθνήσκει, τὸν δʼ Ἡλιόδωρον Εὐμένης καὶ Ἄτταλος ἐς τὴν ἀρχὴν βιαζόμενον ἐκβάλλουσι, καὶ τὸν Ἀντίοχον ἐς αὐτὴν κατάγουσιν, ἑταιριζόμενοι τὸν ἄνδρα· ἀπὸ γὰρ τινῶν προσκρουμάτων ἤδη καὶ οἵδε Ῥωμαίους ὑπεβλέποντο.
While Antiochus was returning from his hostage-ship and was still around Athens, Seleucus died by a conspiracy of a certain Heliodorus, one of those about the court; Eumenes and Attalus expelled Heliodorus, who was forcing his way into the rule, and restored Antiochus to it, making an ally of the man; for due to certain clashes, they also already regarded the Romans with suspicion.
οὕτω μὲν Ἀντίοχος ὁ Αντιόχου τοῦ μεγάλου Συρίας ἐπεκράτησεν· ὅτῳ παρὰ τῶν Σύρων ἐπώνυμον ἦν ἐπιφανής, ὅτι τῆς ἀρχῆς ἁρπαζομένης ὑπὸ ἀλλοτρίων βασιλεὺς οἰκεῖος ὤφθη.
Thus Antiochus, the son of Antiochus the Great, obtained rule over Syria; he was given the surname Epiphanes by the Syrians, because when the rule was being seized by foreigners, he appeared as their own king.
συνθέμενος δὲ φιλίαν καὶ συμμαχίαν Εὐμένει, Συρίας καὶ τῶν περὶ αὐτὴν ἐθνῶν ἐγκρατῶς ἦρχε, σατράπην μὲν ἔχων ἐν Βαβυλῶνι Τίμαρχον, ἐπὶ δὲ ταῖς προσόδοις Ἡρακλείδην, ἀδελφὼ μὲν ἀλλήλοιν, ἄμφω δὲ αὐτοῦ γενομένω παιδικά.
Having established friendship and alliance with Eumenes, he ruled securely over Syria and the neighboring nations, having Timarchus as satrap in Babylon, and Heracleides in charge of the revenues—who were brothers to each other, and both had been his favorites.
ἐστράτευσε δὲ καὶ ἐπὶ Ἀρταξίαν τὸν Ἀρμενίων βασιλέα.
And he also made an expedition against Artaxias, the king of the Armenians.
§846καὶ αὐτὸν ἑλὼν ἐτελεύτησεν, ἐνναετὲς παιδίον ἀπολιπών, Ἀντίοχον, ᾧ προσέθηκαν ὄνομα εὐπάτωρ οἱ Σύροι διὰ τὴν τοῦ πατρὸς ἀρετήν.
And having captured him, he died, leaving behind a nine-year-old child, Antiochus, to whom the Syrians gave the name Eupator on account of his father's virtue.
καὶ τὸ παιδίον ἔτρεφε Λυσίας.
And Lysias brought up the child.
ἡ δὲ σύγκλητος ἥσθη φανέντος ἐν ὀλίγῳ τοῦ Ἀντιόχου γεννικοῦ καὶ ταχέως ἀποθανόντος.
The senate was pleased that Antiochus had shown himself noble for a short time and had quickly died.
Δημήτριόν τε τὸν Σελεύκου μὲν υἱὸν Ἀντιόχου δὲ τοῦ ἐπιφανοῦς ἀδελφιδοῦν, υἱωνὸν δὲ τοῦ μεγάλου Ἀντιόχου, ἀνεψιὸν ὄντα τῷδε τῷ παιδίῳ, ὁμηρεύοντα ἔτι ἐν Ῥώμῃ καὶ ἔτος ἄγοντα τρίτον ἐπὶ τοῖς εἴκοσιν, ἐς τὴν βασιλείαν καταχθῆναι παρακαλοῦντα ὡς αὑτῷ μᾶλλον προσήκουσαν, οὐ κατῆγον, οὐ συμφέρειν σφίσιν ἡγούμενοι τελειότερον ἄρχειν Σύρων ἀντὶ παιδὸς ἀτελοῦς.
And they did not restore Demetrius—who was the son of Seleucus and nephew of Antiochus Epiphanes, and grandson of Antiochus the Great, being a cousin to this child, and was still a hostage in Rome in his twenty-third year—although he begged to be restored to the kingdom as belonging more properly to himself, for they did not think it advantageous to themselves that a mature man should rule the Syrians instead of an underage child.
πυνθανόμενοι δʼ ἐν Συρίᾳ στρατόν τʼ ἐλεφάντων εἶναι καὶ ναῦς πλείονας τῶν ὡρισμένων Ἀντιόχῳ, πρέσβεις ἔπεμπον, οἳ τοὺς ἐλέφαντας συγκόψειν ἔμελλον καὶ τὰς ναῦς διαπρήσειν.
But hearing that in Syria there was an army of elephants and more ships than had been prescribed for Antiochus, they sent envoys who were to hamstring the elephants and burn the ships.
οἰκτρὰ δὲ ἡ ὄψις ἦν ἀναιρουμένων θηρίων ἡμέρων τε καὶ σπανίων, καὶ νεῶν ἐμπιπραμένων· καί τις ἐν Λαοδικείᾳ Λεπτίνης τὴν ὄψιν οὐκ ἐνεγκών, Γναῖον Ὀκτάουιον τὸν τῶνδε τῶν πρέσβεων ἡγεμόνα, ἀλειφόμενον ἐν τῷ γυμνασίῳ, διεχρήσατο.
It was a pitiful sight, the tame and rare beasts being destroyed and the ships being set on fire; and a certain Leptines in Laodicea, unable to bear the sight, slew Gnaeus Octavius, the leader of these envoys, while he was anointing himself in the gymnasium.
καὶ τὸν μὲν Ὀκτάουιον ἔθαπτεν ὁ Λυσίας, §847Δημήτριος δὲ αὖθις ἐς τὴν σύγκλητον ἐσελθὼν ἐδεῖτο τῆς γοῦν ὁμηρείας μόνης ἀπολυθῆναι, ὡς Ἀντιόχου μὲν ἀντιδοθείς, Ἀντιόχου δʼ ἀποθανόντος.
Lysias buried Octavius; but Demetrius, coming again before the senate, begged that he might at least be released from his hostage-ship alone, since he had been given in exchange for Antiochus, and Antiochus was now dead.
ἐπεὶ δʼ οὐκ ἐτύγχανεν οὐδὲ τοῦδε, λαθὼν ἐξέπλευσε, καὶ δεξαμένων αὐτὸν ἀσμένως τῶν Σύρων ἦρχε, τόν τε Λυσίαν καὶ τὸ παιδίον ἐπʼ αὐτῷ διαφθείρας, καὶ Ἡρακλείδην ἐκβαλών, καὶ Τίμαρχον ἐπανιστάμενον ἀνελών, καὶ τἆλλα πονηρῶς τῆς Βαβυλῶνος ἡγούμενον· ἐφʼ ᾧ καὶ σωτήρ, ἀρξαμένων τῶν Βαβυλωνίων, ὠνομάσθη.
But when he did not obtain even this, he sailed away secretly, and since the Syrians received him gladly, he began to rule, having put to death Lysias and the child after him, and having expelled Heracleides, and slain Timarchus, who was in rebellion and otherwise ruling Babylon wickedly; for which reason he was named Soter, the Babylonians being the first to call him so.
κρατυνάμενος δὲ τὴν ἀρχὴν ὁ Δημήτριος στέφανόν τε Ῥωμαίοις ἀπὸ χρυσῶν μυρίων, χαριστήριον τῆς ποτὲ παρʼ αὐτοῖς ὁμηρείας, καὶ Λεπτίνην τὸν ἀνδροφόνον Ὀκταουίου.
Having established his power, Demetrius sent to the Romans a crown of the value of ten thousand gold pieces as a thank-offering for his former hostage-ship among them, and also Leptines, the murderer of Octavius.
οἱ δὲ τὸν μὲν στέφανον ἐδέχοντο, Λεπτίνην δὲ οὐκ ἔλαβον, ὡς δή τι τοῦτʼ ἔγκλημα τοῖς Σύροις ταμιευόμενοι.
The Romans accepted the crown, but did not receive Leptines, as if they were reserving this accusation against the Syrians.
Δημήτριος δὲ καὶ ἐκ τῆς Καππαδοκῶν ἀρχῆς Ἀριαράθην ἐκβαλών, Ὀλοφέρνην ἐπὶ χιλίοις ταλάντοις ἀντʼ αὐτοῦ κατήγαγεν, ἀδελφὸν εἶναι δοκοῦντα Ἀριαράθου.
And Demetrius also expelled Ariarathes from the government of the Cappadocians, and restored Olofernes in his stead for one thousand talents, who was reputed to be a brother of Ariarathes.
καὶ Ῥωμαίοις ἐδόκει μέν, ὡς ἀδελφούς, Ἀριαράθην καὶ Ὀλοφέρνην βασιλεύειν ὁμοῦ.
And it pleased the Romans that Ariarathes and Olofernes, as brothers, should reign together.
§848ἐκπεσόντων δὲ καὶ τῶνδε καὶ Ἀριοβαρζάνου μετʼ αὐτοὺς οὐ πολὺ ὕστερον ὑπὸ Μιθριδάτου τοῦ Ποντικοῦ βασιλέως, ὁ Μιθριδάτειος πόλεμος ἐπὶ τῷδε καὶ ἐφʼ ἑτέροις ἤρξατο συνίστασθαι, μέγιστός τε καὶ πολυτροπώτατος ἔθνεσι πολλοῖς γενόμενος, καὶ παρατείνας ἐς ἔτη μάλιστα τεσσαράκοντα, ἐν οἷς πολλαὶ μὲν ἀρχαὶ Σύροις ἐκ τοῦ βασιλείου γένους ὀλιγοχρόνιοι πάμπαν ἐγένοντο, πολλαὶ δὲ τροπαὶ καὶ ἐπαναστάσεις ἐπὶ τὰ βασίλεια.
But when these also, and Ariobarzanes after them not long after, were expelled by Mithridates, the king of Pontus, the Mithridatic War began to be combined from this and other causes, becoming the greatest and most varied war for many nations, and lasting for nearly forty years, during which many extremely short-lived rules of the royal family arose among the Syrians, and many changes and rebellions against the palace occurred.
Παρθυαῖοί τε προαποστάντες ἀπὸ τῆς τῶν Σελευκιδῶν ἀρχῆς Μεσοποταμίαν ἐς ἑαυτοὺς περιέσπασαν, ἣ τοῖς Σελευκίδαις ὑπήκουεν.
The Parthians also, having previously revolted from the rule of the Seleucids, dragged over to themselves Mesopotamia, which had been subject to the Seleucids.
καὶ βασιλεὺς Ἀρμενίας Τιγράνης ὁ Τιγράνους ἔθνη πολλὰ τῶν περιοίκων ἰδίοις δυνάσταις χρώμενα ἑλών, βασιλεὺς ἀπὸ τοῦδε βασιλέων ἡγεῖτο εἶναι, καὶ τοῖς Σελευκίδαις ἐπεστράτευεν οὐκ ἐθέλουσιν ὑπακούειν.
And Tigranes, the king of Armenia, the son of Tigranes, having conquered many neighboring nations that had their own rulers, from this time thought himself to be King of Kings, and marched against the Seleucids, who refused to obey him.
οὐχ ὑποστάντος δʼ αὐτὸν Ἀντιόχου τοῦ εὐσεβοῦς, ὁ Τιγράνης ἦρχε Συρίας τῆς μετʼ Εὐφράτην, ὅσα γένη Σύρων μέχρι Αἰγύπτου.
Since Antiochus Pius did not withstand him, Tigranes ruled over Syria this side of the Euphrates, and all the Syrian tribes as far as Egypt.
ἦρχε δὲ ὁμοῦ καὶ Κιλικίας (καὶ γὰρ ἥδε τοῖς Σελευκίδαις ὑπήκουε), Μαγαδάτην στρατηγὸν ἐπιτάξας ἅπασιν, ἐπὶ ἔτη τεσσαρεσκαίδεκα.
He ruled also Cilicia at the same time (for this too was subject to the Seleucids), having appointed Magadates as general over all of them, for fourteen years.