Humanitext Reader

Septuagint · Esther §9.1-9.31

The Jews' Victory and the Institution of Purim

Passage 13 of 14 · Greek

Summary

The Jews destroyed their enemies on the thirteenth and fourteenth of Adar, and Mordecai and Esther established the festival of Purim (Phruraim) to be observed forever as a memorial.

§9.1Ἐν γὰρ τῷ δωδεκάτῳ μηνὶ τρισκαιδεκάτῃ τοῦ μηνός, ὅς ἐστιν Ἀδάρ, παρῆν τὰ γράμματα τά γραφέντα ὑπὸ τοῦ βασιλέως.
For in the twelfth month, on the thirteenth day of the month, which is Adar, the letters written by the king arrived.
§9.2ἐν αὐτῇ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἀπώλοντο οἱ ἀντικείμενοι τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις· οὐδεὶς γὰρ ἀντέστη, φοβούμενος αὐτούς.
On that very day those who opposed the Jews perished; for no one stood against them, because they feared them.
§9.3οἱ γὰρ ἄρχοντες τῶν σατραπῶν καὶ οἱ τύραννοι καὶ οἱ βασιλικοὶ γραμματεῖς ἐτίμων τοὺς Ἰουδαίους· ὁ γὰρ φοβος Μαρδοχαίου ἐνέκειτο αὐτοῖς.
For the rulers of the satraps, the governors, and the royal scribes honored the Jews; for the fear of Mordecai lay upon them.
§9.4προσέπεσεν γὰρ τὸ πρόσταγμα τοῦ βασιλέως ὀνομασθῆναι ἐν πάσῃ τῇ βασιλείᾳ.
For the decree of the king had gone forth to be proclaimed in the whole kingdom.
§9.6καὶ ἐν αὐτῇ τῇ πόλει ἀπέκτειναν οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι ἄνδρας πεντακοσίους, §9.7τόν τε Φαρσὰν καὶ Νεσταὶν καὶ Δελφὼν καὶ Φασγὰ §9.8καὶ Φαραδάθα καὶ Βαρσά καὶ Σαρβαχὰ §9.9καὶ Μαρμασιμά καὶ Ῥουφαῖον καὶ Ἀρσαῖον καὶ Ζαβουθαῖιν, §9.10τοὺς δέκα υἱοὺς Ἀμὰν Ἀμαδάθου Βουγαίου τοῦ ἐχθροῦ τῶν Ἰουδαίων, καὶ διήρπασαν
And in the city itself, the Jews killed five hundred men, both Pharsan, Nestain, Delphon, Phasga, Pharadatha, Barsa, Sarbacha, Marmasima, Ruphaeon, Arsaeon, and Zabuthaiein, the ten sons of Haman, son of Hammedatha, the Bougean, the enemy of the Jews; and they plundered.
§9.11ἐν αὐτῇ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ· ἐπεδόθη τε ὁ ἀριθμὸς τῷ βασιλεῖ τῶν ἀπολωλότων ἐν Σούσοις.
On that very day, the number of those who perished in Susa was reported to the king.
§9.12εἶπεν δὲ ὁ βασιλεὺς πρὸς Ἐσθῆρ Ἀπώλεσαν οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι ἐν Σούσοις τῇ πόλει ἄνδρας πεντακοσίους· ἐν δὲ τῇ περιχώρῳ πῶς οἴει ἐχρήσαντο;
And the king said to Esther, "The Jews have destroyed five hundred men in the city of Susa; how do you think they have fared in the surrounding region?
τί οὖν ἀξιοῖς ἔτι καὶ ἔσται σοι; §9.13καὶ εἶπεν Ἐσθὴρ τῷ βασιλεῖ Δοθήτω τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις χρῆσθαι ὡσαύτως τὴν αὕριον, ὥστε τοὺς δέκα υἱοὺς κρεμάσαι Ἀμάν. §9.14καὶ ἐπέτρεψεν οὕτως γενέσθαι, καὶ ἐξέθηκε τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις τῆς πόλεως τά σώματα τῶν υἱῶν Ἀμὰν κρεμάσαι.
What then do you still request, and it shall be granted to you?" And Esther said to the king, "Let it be granted to the Jews to act in the same way tomorrow, so as to hang the ten sons of Haman." And he permitted it to be done so, and delivered to the Jews of the city the bodies of the sons of Haman to be hung.
§9.15καὶ συνήχθησαν οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι ἐν Σούσοις τῇ τεσσαρεσκαιδεκάτῃ τοῦ Ἄδὰρ καὶ ἀπέκτειναν ἄνδρας τριακοσίους, καὶ οὐδὲν διήρπασαν.
And the Jews in Susa assembled on the fourteenth day of Adar and killed three hundred men, but they plundered nothing.
§9.16οἱ δὲ λοιποὶ τῶν Ἰουδαίων οἱ ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ συνήχθησαν καὶ ἑαυτοῖς ἐβοήθουν, καὶ ἀνεπαύσαντο ἀπὸ τῶν πολεμίων· ἀπώλεσαν γάρ αὐτῶν μυρίους πεντακισχιλίους τῇ τρισκαιδεκάτῃ τοῦ Ἀδάρ, καὶ οὐδὲν διήρπασαν.
And the rest of the Jews who were in the kingdom assembled and defended themselves, and obtained rest from their enemies; for they destroyed fifteen thousand of them on the thirteenth day of Adar, but plundered nothing.
§9.17καὶ ἀνεπαύσαντο τῇ τεσσαρεσκαιδεκάτῃ τοῦ αὐτοῦ μηνός, καὶ ἦγον αὐτὴν ἡμέραν ἀναπαύσεως μετά χαρᾶς καὶ εὐφροσύνης.
And they rested on the fourteenth day of the same month, and kept it as a day of rest with joy and gladness.
§9.18οἱ δὲ Ἰουδαῖοι οἱ ἐν Σούσοις τῇ πόλει συνήχθησαν καὶ τῇ τεσσαρεσκαιδεκάτῃ καὶ οὐκ ἀνεπαύσαντο· ἦγον δὲ καὶ τὴν πεντεκαιδεκάτην μετὰ χαρᾶς καὶ εὐφροσύνης.
But the Jews in the city of Susa assembled both on the thirteenth and on the fourteenth, and did not rest; and they kept also the fifteenth with joy and gladness.
§9.19διὰ τοῦτο οὗν οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι οἱ διεσπαρμένοι ἐν πάσῃ χώρᾳ τῇ ἔξω ἄγουσιν τὴν τεσσαρεσκαιδεκάτην τοῦ Ἄδαρ ἡμέραν ἀγαθὴν μετ εὐφροσύνης, ἀποστέλλοντες μερίδας ἕκαστος τῷ πλησίον.
Therefore the Jews who are scattered in every country outside keep the fourteenth day of Adar as a good day with gladness, sending portions each to his neighbor.
οἱ δὲ κατοικοῦντες ἐν ταῖς μητροπόλεσιν καὶ τὴν ε' καὶ ι' τοῦ Ἄδὰρ εὐφροσύνην ἀγαθὴν ἄγουσιν ἐξαποστέλλοντες μερίδας καὶ τοῖς πλησίον.
But those who dwell in the mother cities keep also the fifteenth of Adar as a good gladness, sending out portions to their neighbors as well.
§9.20Ἔγραψεν δὲ Μαρδοχαῖος τοὺς λόγους τούτους εἰς βιβλίον, καὶ ἐξαπέστειλεν τοῖς Ἰουδαίοις ὅσοι ἤσαν ἐν τῇ Ἀρταξέρξου βασιλεία, τοῖς ἐγγὺς καὶ τοῖς μακράν, §9.21στῆσαι τὰς ἡμέρας ταύτας ἀγαθάς, ἄγειν τε τὴν τεσσαρεσκαιδεκάτην καὶ τὴν πεντεκαιδεκάτην τοῦ Ἀδαρ· §9.22ἐν γὰρ ταύταις ταῖς ἡμέραις ἀνεπαύσαντο οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι ἀπὸ τῶν ἐχθρῶν αὐτῶν· καὶ τὸν μῆνα ἐν ᾧ ἐστράφη αὐτοῖς, ὃς ἦν Ἀδάρ, ἀπὸ πένθους εἰς χαρὰν καὶ ἀπὸ ὀδύνης εἰς ἀγαθὴν ἡμέραν, ἄγειν ὅλον ἀγαθὰς ἡμέρας γάμαων καὶ εὐφροσύνης, ἐξαποστέλλοντας μερίδας τοῖς φίλοις καὶ τοῖς πτωχοῖς.
And Mordecai wrote these words in a book, and sent them to all the Jews who were in the kingdom of Artaxerxes, both near and far, to establish these days as good days, and to keep both the fourteenth and the fifteenth of Adar; for in these days the Jews obtained rest from their enemies; and the month which was turned for them, which was Adar, from mourning to joy and from sorrow to a good day, to keep the whole of it as good days of marriages and gladness, sending portions to friends and to the poor.
§9.23καὶ προσεδέξαντο οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι καθὼς ἔγραψεν αὐτοῖς ὁ Μαρδοχαῖος, §9.24πῶς Ἀμὰν Ἀμαδάθου ὁ Μακεδὼν ἐπολέμει αὐτούς, καθὼς ἔθετο ψήφισμα καὶ κλῆρον ἀφανίσαι αὐτούς, §9.25καὶ ὡς εἰσῆλθεν πρὸς τὸν βασιλέα λέγων κρεμάσαι τὸν Μαρδοχαῖον· ὅσα δὲ ἐπεχείρησεν ἐπάξαι ἐπὶ τοὺς Ἰουδαίους κακά ἐπʼ αὐτὸν ἐγένοντο, καὶ ἐκρεμάσθη αὐτὸς καὶ τὰ τέκνα αὐτοῦ.
And the Jews accepted what Mordecai had written to them, how Haman, son of Hammedatha, the Macedonian, had fought against them, and how he had cast a decree and a lot to destroy them, and how he had gone in to the king, saying that Mordecai should be hanged; and how all the evils he attempted to bring upon the Jews fell upon himself, and he himself and his children were hanged.
§9.26διὰ τοῦτο ἐπεκλήθησαν αἱ ἡμέραι αὗται Φρουραὶ διὰ τοὺς κλήρους, ὅτι τῇ διαλέκτῳ αὐτῶν καλοῦνται Φρουραί, διὰ τοὺς λόγους τῆς ἐπιστολῆς ταύτης, καὶ ὅσα πεπόνθασιν διὰ ταῦτα καὶ ὅσα αὐτοῖς ἐγένετο §9.27καὶ ἔστησεν· καὶ προσεδέχοντο οἱ Ἰουδαῖι ἐφʼ ἑαυτοῖς καὶ ἐπὶ τῷ σπέρματι αὐτῶν καὶ ἐπὶ τοῖς προστεθειμένοις ἐπʼ αὐτῶν, οὐδέ μὴν ἄλλως χρήσονται.
For this reason these days were called Phruraim because of the lots, since in their dialect they are called Phruraim, because of the words of this letter, and because of all they had suffered on this account and all that had happened to them, and he established it; and the Jews accepted for themselves, for their descendants, and for all who joined them, that they would without fail keep these days.
αἱ δὲ ἡμέραι αὗται μνημόσυνον ἐπιτελούμενον κατὰ γενεὰν καὶ γενεὰν καὶ πόλιν καὶ πατριάν καὶ χώραν.
These days are a memorial observed from generation to generation, and in every city, family, and country.
§9.28αἰ δὲ ἡμέραι αὗται τῶν Φρουραὶ ἀχθήσονται εἰς τὸν ἃπαντα χρόνον, καὶ τὸ μνημόσυνον αὐτῶν οὐ μὴ ἐκλίπῃ ἐκ τῶν γενεῶν.
And these days of Phruraim shall be observed for all time, and the memorial of them shall not fail from among their generations.
§9.29καὶ ἔγραψεν Ἐσθῆρ ἡ βασίλισσα θυγάτηρ Ἀμιναδὰβ καὶ Μαρδοχαῖος ὁ Ἰουδαῖος ὅσα ἐποίησαν τό τε στερέωμα τῆς ἐπιστολῆς τῶν Φρουραί.
And Queen Esther, daughter of Aminadab, and Mordecai the Jew wrote all that they had done, and the confirmation of the letter of Phruraim.
§9.30καὶ Μαρδοχαῖος καὶ Ἐσθὴρ ἡ βασίλισσα ἔστησαν ἑαυτοῖς καθʼ ἑαυτῶν, καὶ τότε στήσαντες κατὰ τῆς ὑγιείας ἑαυτῶν καὶ τὴν βουλὴν αὐτῶν.
And Mordecai and Queen Esther established it for themselves and their descendants, having established it at that time for their own safety and their counsel.
§9.31καὶ Ἐσθὴρ λόγῳ ἔστησεν εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα, καὶ ἐγράφη εἰς μνημόσυνον.
And Esther established it by a decree forever, and it was written for a memorial.

Notes

  1. §9.10καὶ διήρπασαν — The Greek text has the positive form "and they plundered," which contradicts the statements in §9.15 and §9.16 that "they plundered nothing (kai ouden diērpassan)." This is likely due to a translation error from the Hebrew "they did not lay hands on the plunder" or the loss of the negative particle "ouk" in the manuscript tradition.
  2. §9.26Φρουραὶ — The Hebrew term "Purim" (plural of pur, meaning "lot") is transliterated in the Greek version as "Phrurai."
  3. §9.30καὶ τότε στήσαντες — This is a highly irregular grammatical construction, featuring a participle (stēsantes) without a main verb. This may be due to an attraction to the finite verb "estēsan" in the previous clause, or an unnatural literal translation of a Hebrew independent participle.

Cite this passage

Septuagint, Esther §9.1-9.31. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0527.tlg019.humanitext-grc1:9.1-9.31

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