§17.1.54Ἐπειδὴ δὲ οἱ Αἰθίοπες καταφρονήσαντες τῷ μέρος τι τῆς ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ δυνάμεως ἀπεσπάσθαι μετὰ Γάλλου Αἰλίου πολεμοῦντος πρὸς τοὺς Ἄραβας, ἐπῆλθον τῇ Θηβαΐδι καὶ τῇ φρουρᾷ τῶν τριῶν σπειρῶν τῶν κατὰ Συήνην καὶ ἑλόντες ἔφθασαν τήν τε Συήνην καὶ τὴν Ἐλεφαντίνην καὶ Φιλὰς ἐξ ἐφόδου διὰ τὸ αἰφνίδιον καὶ ἐξηνδραποδίσαντο, ἀνέσπασαν δὲ καὶ τοὺς Καίσαρος ἀνδριάντας, ἐπελθὼν ἐλάττοσιν ἢ μυρίοις πεζοῖς Πετρώνιος, ἱππεῦσι δὲ ὀκτακοσίοις πρὸς ἄνδρας τρισμυρίους, πρῶτον μὲν ἠνάγκασεν ἀναφυγεῖν αὐτοὺς εἰς Ψέλχιν πόλιν Αἰθιοπικήν, καὶ πρεσβεύεται τά τε ληφθέντα ἀπαιτῶν καὶ τὰς αἰτίας διʼ ἃς ἦρξαν πολέμου·
When the Ethiopians, having conceived a contempt because of some part of the force in Egypt having been withdrawn with Aelius Gallus who was making war against the Arabs, invaded the Thebais and the garrison of the three cohorts at Syene, and by a sudden onset, anticipated them by taking Syene and Elephantine and Philae, and enslaved the inhabitants, and threw down the statues of Caesar, Petronius, marching against them with less than ten thousand infantry and eight hundred cavalry against thirty thousand men, first forced them to flee to Pselchis, an Ethiopian city, and sent ambassadors demanding both the things that had been taken and the reasons for which they had begun the war.
λεγόντων δʼ ὡς ἀδικοῖντο ὑπὸ τῶν νομάρχων, ἀλλʼ οὐκ ἔφη τούτους ἡγεμόνας εἶναι τῆς χώρας ἀλλὰ Καίσαρα· αἰτησαμένων δʼ ἡμέρας τρεῖς εἰς βουλὴν καὶ μηδὲν ὧν ἐχρῆν ποιούντων, προσβαλὼν ἠνάγκασε προελθεῖν εἰς μάχην, ταχὺ δὲ τροπὴν ἐποίησε συντεταγμένων τε κακῶς καὶ ὡπλισμένων· μεγάλους γὰρ εἶχον θυρεούς, καὶ τούτους ὠμοβοΐνους, ἀμυντήρια δὲ πελέκεις, οἱ δὲ κοντούς, οἱ δὲ καὶ ξίφη.
And when they said that they were being wronged by the nomarchs, he said that these were not the rulers of the country, but Caesar; and when they had asked for three days for consultation and did nothing of what they ought to do, he attacked and forced them to come out to battle, and quickly put them to flight, as they were badly marshaled and badly armed; for they had large shields, and these made of raw ox-hide, and for defensive weapons some had axes, others pikes, and others also swords.
τινὲς μὲν οὖν εἰς τὴν πόλιν συνηλάθησαν, οἱ δʼ εἰς τὴν ἐρημίαν ἔφυγον, τινὰς δὲ νῆσος πλησίον ὑπεδέξατο ἐμβάντας εἰς τὸν πόρον· οὐ γὰρ πολλοὶ ἦσαν ἐνταῦθα οἱ κροκόδειλοι διὰ τὸν ῥοῦν.
Some, then, were driven into the city, others fled into the desert, and others, wading into the channel, took refuge on a neighboring island; for the crocodiles were not numerous there on account of the current.
τούτων δʼ ἦσαν καὶ οἱ τῆς βασιλίσσης στρατηγοὶ τῆς Κανδάκης, ἣ καθʼ ἡμᾶς ἦρξε τῶν Αἰθιόπων, ἀνδρική τις γυνὴ πεπηρωμένη τὸν ἕτερον τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν·
Among these were also the generals of Queen Candace, who in our time ruled over the Ethiopians, a masculine woman who had lost one of her eyes.
τούτους τε δὴ ζωγρίᾳ λαμβάνει ἅπαντας ἐπιπλεύσας σχεδίαις τε καὶ ναυσί, καὶ καταπέμπει παραχρῆμα εἰς Ἀλεξάνδρειαν, ἐπελθών τε τὴν Ψέλχιν αἱρεῖ· προσαριθμουμένου δὲ τοῖς ἑαλωκόσι τοῦ πλήθους τῶν πεσόντων ἐν τῇ μάχῃ, τοὺς σωθέντας ὀλίγους παντάπασι γενέσθαι συνέβη.
These indeed he took all alive, having sailed after them on rafts and boats, and sent them immediately to Alexandria, and attacking Pselchis he took it; and the number of those who fell in the battle being added to those who were captured, it turned out that those who survived were altogether few.
ἐκ δὲ Ψέλχιος ἧκεν εἰς Πρῆμνιν ἐρυμνὴν πόλιν διελθὼν τοὺς θῖνας, ἐν οἷς ὁ Καμβύσου κατεχώσθη στρατὸς ἐμπεσόντος ἀνέμου· προσβαλὼν δὲ ἐξ ἐφόδου τὸ φρούριον αἱρεῖ, καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα ὥρμησεν ἐπὶ Ναπάτων· τοῦτο δʼ ἦν τὸ βασίλειον τῆς Κανδάκης, καὶ ἦν ἐνταῦθα υἱὸς αὐτῆς· καὶ αὐτὴ δʼ ἔν τινι πλησίον ἵδρυτο χωρίῳ.
From Pselchis he came to Premnis, a strong city, having passed through the sand-dunes, in which Cambyses' army was overwhelmed when a windstorm arose; and attacking, he took the fortress at the first onset, and after this set out for Napata; this was the royal residence of Candace, and her son was there; and she herself was established in a certain neighboring place.
πρεσβευσαμένης δὲ περὶ φιλίας καὶ ἀποδούσης τοὺς ἐκ Συήνης αἰχμαλώτους καὶ τοὺς ἀνδριάντας, ἐπελθὼν λαμβάνει καὶ τὰ Νάπατα φυγόντος τοῦ παιδὸς καὶ κατασκάπτει· ἐξανδραποδισάμενος δʼ ἀναστρέφει πάλιν εἰς τοὐπίσω μετὰ τῶν λαφύρων, δύσοδα κρίνας τὰ προσωτέρω· τὴν δὲ Πρῆμνιν τειχίσας βέλτιον, φρουρὰν ἐμβαλὼν καὶ τροφὴν δυεῖν ἐνιαυτῶν τετρακοσίοις ἀνδράσιν, ἀπῆρεν εἰς Ἀλεξάνδρειαν· καὶ τῶν αἰχμαλώτων τοὺς μὲν ἐλαφυροπώλησε, χιλίους δὲ Καίσαρι ἔπεμψε νεωστὶ ἐκ Καντάβρων ἥκοντι, τοὺς δὲ νόσοι διεχρήσαντο.
And though she sent ambassadors about friendship and restored the captives taken from Syene and the statues, he marched against and took Napata also, the son having fled, and razed it to the ground; and having enslaved the inhabitants, he returned back again with the booty, having judged the parts further on to be difficult of passage; but having fortified Premnis better, and having placed a garrison and two years' provisions for four hundred men, he departed for Alexandria; and of the captives he sold some as booty, and sent a thousand to Caesar, who had recently returned from the Cantabrians, and the rest were carried off by diseases.
ἐν τούτῳ μυριάσι Κανδάκη πολλαῖς ἐπὶ τὴν φρουρὰν ἐπῆλθε· Πετρώνιος δʼ ἐξεβοήθησε καὶ φθάνει προσελθὼν εἰς τὸ φρούριον, καὶ πλείοσι παρασκευαῖς ἐξασφαλισάμενος τὸν τόπον, πρεσβευσαμένων, ἐκέλευσεν ὡς Καίσαρα πρεσβεύεσθαι· οὐκ εἰδέναι δὲ φασκόντων ὅστις εἴη Καῖσαρ καὶ ὅπη βαδιστέον εἴη παρʼ αὐτόν, ἔδωκε τοὺς παραπέμψοντας· καὶ ἧκον εἰς Σάμον, ἐνταῦθα τοῦ Καίσαρος ὄντος καὶ μέλλοντος εἰς Συρίαν ἐντεῦθεν προϊέναι, Τιβέριον εἰς Ἀρμενίαν στέλλοντος.
Meanwhile, Candace marched against the garrison with many tens of thousands; but Petronius marched out to relieve it and arrived at the fortress before them, and having made the place secure with further preparations, when they sent ambassadors, he ordered them to send ambassadors to Caesar; and when they said they did not know who Caesar was or where they must travel to find him, he gave them people to conduct them; and they came to Samos, where Caesar was, and from where he was about to proceed to Syria, while sending Tiberius to Armenia.
πάντων δὲ τυχόντων ὧν ἐδέοντο, ἀφῆκεν αὐτοῖς καὶ τοὺς φόρους οὓς ἐπέστησε.
And having obtained all that they requested, he also remitted the tribute which he had imposed on them.