§17.1.47μετὰ δὲ Θήβας Ἑρμωνθὶς πόλις, ἐν ᾗ ὅ τε Ἀπόλλων τιμᾶται καὶ ὁ Ζεύς· τρέφεται δὲ καὶ ἐνταῦθα βοῦς·
After Thebes comes the city of Hermonthis, in which both Apollo and Zeus are honored; and here too a bull is kept.
ἔπειτα Κροκοδείλων πόλις τιμῶσα τὸ θηρίον·
Next is the City of Crocodiles, which honors the beast.
εἶτα Ἀφροδίτης πόλις καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα Λατόπολις τιμῶσα Ἀθηνᾶν καὶ τὸν λάτον·
Then the City of Aphrodite, and after this Latopolis, which honors Athena and the latus fish.
εἶτα Εἰλειθυίας πόλις καὶ ἱερόν·
Then the City of Eileithyia and her temple.
ἐν δὲ τῇ περαίᾳ Ἱεράκων πόλις τὸν ἱέρακα τιμῶσα·
On the opposite bank is the City of Hawks, which honors the hawk.
εἶτʼ Ἀπόλλωνος πόλις καὶ αὕτη πολεμοῦσα τοῖς κροκοδείλοις.
Then another City of Apollo, which is also at war with the crocodiles.
§17.1.48̔η δὲ Συήνη καὶ Ἐλεφαντίνη ἡ μὲν ἐπὶ τῶν ὅρων τῆς Αἰθιοπίας καὶ τῆς Αἰγύπτου πόλις, ἡ δʼ ἐν τῷ Νείλῳ προκειμένη τῆς Συήνης νῆσος ἐν ἡμισταδίῳ καὶ ἐν ταύτῃ πόλις ἔχουσα ἱερὸν Κνούφιδος καὶ νειλομέτριον, καθάπερ Μέμφις.
As for Syene and Elephantine, the former is a city on the borders of Ethiopia and Egypt, and the latter is an island in the Nile lying half a stadium in front of Syene, and in this island is a city having a temple of Cnuphis and a nilometer, just like Memphis.
ἔστι δὲ τὸ νειλομέτριον συννόμῳ λίθῳ κατεσκευασμένον ἐπὶ τῇ ὄχθῃ τοῦ Νείλου φρέαρ, ἐν ᾧ τὰς ἀναβάσεις τοῦ Νείλου σημειοῦνται τὰς μεγίστας τε καὶ ἐλαχίστας καὶ τὰς μέσας· συναναβαίνει γὰρ καὶ συνταπεινοῦται τῷ ποταμῷ τὸ ἐν τῷ φρέατι ὕδωρ.
The nilometer is a well constructed of closely-fitted stone on the bank of the Nile, in which they record the rises of the Nile, both the greatest, the least, and the mean; for the water in the well rises and falls along with the river.
εἰσὶν οὖν ἐν τῷ τοίχῳ τοῦ φρέατος παραγραφαί, μέτρα τῶν τελείων καὶ τῶν ἄλλων ἀναβάσεων·
There are therefore on the wall of the well markings, measures of the complete and of the other rises.
ἐπισκοποῦντες οὖν ταύτας διασημαίνουσι τοῖς ἄλλοις, ὅπως εἰδεῖεν· πρὸ πολλοῦ γὰρ ἴσασιν ἐκ τῶν τοιούτων σημείων * καὶ τῶν ἡμερῶν τὴν ἐσομένην ἀνάβασιν καὶ προδηλοῦσι.
Those who inspect these, therefore, signal to the others so that they may know; for from such signs and from the days they know long beforehand the coming rise, and they announce it.
τοῦτο δὲ καὶ τοῖς γεωργοῖς χρήσιμον τῆς τῶν ὑδάτων ταμιείας χάριν καὶ παραχωμάτων καὶ διωρύγων καὶ ἄλλων τοιούτων, καὶ τοῖς ἡγεμόσι τῶν προσόδων χάριν· αἱ γὰρ μείζους ἀναβάσεις μείζους καὶ τὰς προσόδους ὑπαγορεύουσιν.
This is useful both to the husbandmen for the sake of the distribution of the waters, and of the embankments and canals and other such things, and to the rulers for the sake of the revenues; for the greater rises indicate greater revenues.
ἐν δὲ τῇ Συήνῃ καὶ τὸ φρέαρ ἐστὶ τὸ διασημαῖνον τὰς θερινὰς τροπάς, διότι τῷ τροπικῷ κύκλῳ ὑπόκεινται οἱ τόποι οὗτοι·
And in Syene there is also the well that indicates the summer solstice, because these places lie under the tropic circle.
ἀπὸ γὰρ τῶν ἡμετέρων τόπων, λέγω δὲ τῶν Ἑλλαδικῶν, προϊοῦσιν ἐπὶ τὴν μεσημβρίαν ἐνταῦθα πρῶτον ὁ ἥλιος κατὰ κορυφὴν ἡμῖν γίνεται καὶ ποιεῖ τοὺς γνώμονας ἀσκίους κατὰ μεσημβρίαν·
For to those proceeding southward from our places, I mean the Greek places, here first the sun comes directly overhead for us, and makes the gnomons cast no shadow at noon.
ἀνάγκη δὲ κατὰ κορυφὴν ἡμῖν γινομένου καὶ εἰς τὰ φρέατα βάλλειν μέχρι τοῦ ὕδατος τὰς αὐγάς, κἂν βαθύτατα ᾖ· κατὰ κάθετον γὰρ ἡμεῖς τε ἕσταμεν καὶ τὰ ὀρύγματα τῶν φρεάτων κατεσκεύασται.
And it is necessary, when it comes directly overhead for us, that its rays should also strike into the wells as far as the water, even if they are very deep; for we stand vertically, and the shafts of the wells are constructed vertically.
εἰσὶ δʼ ἐνταῦθα τρεῖς σπεῖραι Ῥωμαίων ἱδρυμέναι φρουρᾶς χάριν.
And there are three Roman cohorts stationed here for the sake of defense.
§17.1.49μικρὸν δʼ ὑπὲρ τῆς Ἐλεφαντίνης ἐστὶν ὁ μικρὸς καταράκτης, ἐφʼ ᾧ καὶ θέαν τινὰ οἱ σκαφῖται τοῖς ἡγεμόσιν ἐπιδείκνυνται·
A little above Elephantine is the small cataract, where the boatmen also show a kind of spectacle to the commanders.
ὁ μὲν γὰρ καταράκτης ἐστὶ κατὰ μέσον τὸν ποταμόν, πετρώδης τις ὀφρύς, ἐπίπεδος μὲν ἄνωθεν ὥστε δέχεσθαι τὸν ποταμόν, τελευτῶσα δʼ εἰς κρημνόν, καθʼ οὗ καταρρήγνυται τὸ ὕδωρ, ἑκατέρωθεν δὲ πρὸς τῇ γῇ ῥεῖθρον, ὃ μάλιστα καὶ ἀνάπλουν ἔχει·
For the cataract is in the middle of the river, a rocky shelf, flat on top so as to receive the river, but ending in a precipice, down which the water rushes. On either side near the land is a stream, which especially permits navigation upward.
ἀναπλεύσαντες οὖν ταύτῃ καταρρέουσιν ἐπὶ τὸν καταράκτην καὶ ὠθοῦνται μετὰ τῆς σκάφης ἐπὶ τὸν κρημνὸν καὶ σώζονται σὺν αὐτῇ ἀπαθεῖς.
Having sailed up by this, therefore, they drift down to the cataract and are pushed along with the boat to the precipice, and are saved together with it without harm.
τοῦ δὲ καταράκτου μικρὸν ἐπάνω τὰς Φιλὰς εἶναι συμβαίνει, κοινὴν κατοικίαν Αἰθιόπων τε καὶ Αἰγυπτίων, κατεσκευασμένην ὥσπερ καὶ τὴν Ἐλεφαντίνην καὶ τὸ μέγεθος ἴσην, ἱερὰ ἔχουσαν Αἰγύπτια·
A little above the cataract lies Philae, a common settlement of Ethiopians and Egyptians, built like Elephantine and equal to it in size, having Egyptian temples.
ὅπου καὶ ὄρνεον τιμᾶται ὃ καλοῦσι μὲν ἱέρακα, οὐδὲν δὲ ὅμοιον ἔμοιγε ἐφαίνετο ἔχειν τοῖς παρʼ ἡμῖν καὶ ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ ἱέραξιν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῷ μεγέθει μεῖζον ἦν καὶ τῇ ποικιλίᾳ πολὺ ἐξηλλαγμένον·
There too a bird is honored which they call a hawk, but it seemed to me to have nothing in common with the hawks among us and in Egypt, but it was both larger in size and very different in its varied coloring.
Αἰθιοπικὸν δʼ ἔφασαν εἶναι, κἀκεῖθεν κομίζεσθαι, ὅταν ἐκλίπῃ καὶ πρότερον· καὶ δὴ καὶ τότε ἐδείχθη ἡμῖν πρὸς ἐκλείψει ὂν διὰ νόσον.
They said it was Ethiopian, and was brought from there whenever it failed as before; and indeed at that time it was shown to us as being near death on account of disease.
§17.1.50ἤλθομεν δʼ εἰς Φιλὰς ἐκ Συήνης ἀπήνῃ διʼ ὁμαλοῦ σφόδρα πεδίου σταδίους ὁμοῦ τι ἑκατόν.
We went to Philae from Syene in a carriage through a very level plain, about one hundred stadia altogether.
παρʼ ὅλην δὲ τὴν ὁδὸν ἦν ἰδεῖν ἑκατέρωθεν πολλαχοῦ ὥσπερ ἑρμαῖα πέτρον ἠλίβατον στρογγύλον, λεῖον ἱκανῶς, ἐγγὺς σφαιροειδοῦς, τοῦ μέλανος καὶ σκληροῦ λίθου, ἐξ οὗ αἱ θυῗαι γίνονται, ἐπὶ πέτρῳ κείμενον μείζονι καὶ ἐπʼ ἐκείνῳ πάλιν ἄλλον· ἔστι δʼ ὅτε αὐτοὶ καθʼ αὑτοὺς ἔκειντο οἱ πέτροι·
And along the whole road it was possible to see in many places on either side, like herms, a lofty, round rock, sufficiently smooth and nearly spherical, of the black and hard stone from which mortars are made, lying upon a larger rock, and upon that again another; and sometimes the rocks lay by themselves.
ἦν δʼ ὁ μὲν μέγιστος τὴν διάμετρον ποδῶν οὐκ ἐλαττόνων ἢ δώδεκα, ἅπαντες δὲ μείζους ἢ ἡμίσεις τούτων.
The largest was not less than twelve feet in diameter, and all were larger than half of this.
διέβημεν δὲ εἰς τὴν νῆσον ἐπὶ πάκτωνος· ὁ δὲ πάκτων διὰ σκυταλίδων πεπηγός ἐστι σκάφιον ὥστʼ ἐοικέναι διαπλοκίνῳ·
And we crossed over to the island on a pakton; and the pakton is a small boat constructed of small rods, so as to resemble wickerwork.
ἑστῶτες δʼ ἐν ὕδατι ἢ καὶ σανιδίοις τισὶ προσκαθήμενοι ῥᾳδίως ἐπεραιώθημεν δεδιότες μάτην· ἀκίνδυνα γάρ ἐστιν, ἂν μή τις ὑπέργομον ποιήσῃ τὸ πορθμεῖον.
Standing in the water, or sitting on some small planks, we crossed easily, fearing in vain; for there is no danger, unless someone overloads the ferry-boat.