§16.2.15μετὰ δὲ Ὀρθωσίαν ἐστὶ καὶ τὸν Ἐλεύθερον Τρίπολις ἀπὸ τοῦ συμβεβηκότος τὴν ἐπίκλησιν εἰληφυῖα· τριῶν γάρ ἐστι πόλεων κτίσμα, Τύρου Σιδῶνος Ἀράδου·
After Orthosia and the Eleutherus is Tripolis, which received its name from the circumstances; for it is a joint foundation of three cities, Tyre, Sidon, and Aradus.
τῇ δὲ Τριπόλει συνεχές ἐστι τὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ πρόσωπον, εἰς ὃ τελευτᾷ ὁ Λίβανος τὸ ὄρος· μεταξὺ δὲ Τριήρης χωρίον τι.
Continuous with Tripolis is Theou Prosopon, where the mountain Lebanon terminates; and between them is a certain place called Trieres.
§16.2.16δύο δὲ ταῦτʼ ἐστὶν ὄρη τὰ ποιοῦντα τὴν κοίλην καλουμένην Συρίαν ὡς ἂν παράλληλα, ὅ τε Λίβανος καὶ ὁ Ἀντιλίβανος μικρὸν ὕπερθεν τῆς θαλάττης ἀρχόμενα ἄμφω, ὁ μὲν Λίβανος τῆς κατὰ Τρίπολιν, κατὰ τὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ μάλιστα πρόσωπον, ὁ δʼ Ἀντιλίβανος τῆς κατὰ Σιδῶνα· τελευτῶσι δʼ ἐγγύς πως τῶν Ἀραβίων ὀρῶν τῶν ὑπὲρ τῆς Δαμασκηνῆς καὶ τῶν τραχώνων ἐκεῖ λεγομένων εἰς ἄλλη ὄρη γεώλοφα καὶ καλλίκαρπα.
These are two mountain ranges, Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon, which, as it were, run parallel and form the region called Coele-Syria. Both begin a little above the sea: Lebanon near Tripolis, especially near Theou Prosopon, and Anti-Lebanon near Sidon; and they terminate near the Arabian mountains above Damascus and the region there called Trachones, ending in other hilly and fertile mountains.
ἀπολείπουσι δὲ μεταξὺ πεδίον κοῖλον πλάτος μὲν τὸ ἐπὶ τῇ θαλάττῃ διακοσίων σταδίων, μῆκος δὲ τὸ ἀπὸ τῆς θαλάττης εἰς τὴν μεσόγαιαν ὁμοῦ τι διπλάσιον.
They leave between them a hollow plain, the width of which at the sea is two hundred stadia, and the length from the sea to the interior is about twice as much.
διαρρεῖται δὲ ποταμοῖς ἄρδουσι χώραν εὐδαίμονα καὶ πάμφορον, μεγίστῳ δὲ τῷ Ἰορδάνῃ.
It is watered by rivers that irrigate a prosperous and highly fertile land, the largest of which is the Jordan.
ἔχει δὲ καὶ λίμνην, ἣ φέρει τὴν ἀρωματῖτιν σχοῖνον καὶ κάλαμον, ὡς δʼ αὔτως καὶ ἕλη· καλεῖται δʼ ἡ λίμνη Γεννησαρῖτις· φέρει δὲ καὶ βάλσαμον.
It also has a lake, which produces the aromatic reed and rush, and likewise marshes; the lake is called Gennesaritis, and it also produces balsam.
τῶν δὲ ποταμῶν ὁ μὲν Χρυσορρόας ἀρξάμενος ἀπὸ τῆς Δαμασκηνῶν πόλεως καὶ χώρας εἰς τὰς ὀχετείας ἀναλίσκεται σχεδόν τι· πολλὴν γὰρ ἐπάρδει καὶ βαθεῖαν σφόδρα·
Of the rivers, the Chrysorrhoas, which begins from the city and territory of the Damascenes, is almost entirely spent in irrigation canals; for it waters a vast and very deep territory.
τὸν δὲ Λύκον καὶ τὸν Ἰορδάνην ἀναπλέουσι φορτίοις, Ἀράδιοι δὲ μάλιστα.
As for the Lycus and the Jordan, they navigate them with merchant vessels, and the Aradians do so most of all.
§16.2.17τῶν δὲ πεδίων τὸ μὲν πρῶτον τὸ ἀπὸ τῆς θαλάττης Μάκρας καλεῖται καὶ Μάκρα πεδίον·
Of the plains, the first one from the sea is called Makras or the Plain of Makras.
ἐν τούτῳ δὲ Ποσειδώνιος ἱστορεῖ τὸν δράκοντα πεπτωκότα ὁραθῆναι νεκρόν, μῆκος σχεδόν τι καὶ πλεθριαῖον, πάχος δʼ ὥσθʼ ἱππέας ἑκατέρωθεν παραστάντας ἀλλήλους μὴ καθορᾶν, χάσμα δὲ ὥστʼ ἔφιππον δέξασθαι, τῆς δὲ φολίδος λεπίδα ἑκάστην ὑπεραίρουσαν θυρεοῦ.
In this plain, Posidonius reports that a dead dragon was seen lying, whose length was about one plethron, and its thickness was such that horsemen standing on either side of it could not see each other, and its open mouth was large enough to swallow a horse and its rider, and each scale of its skin exceeded a shield in size.
§16.2.18μετὰ δὲ τὸν Μάκραν ἐστὶν ὁ Μασσύας ἔχων τινὰ καὶ ὀρεινά, ἐν οἷς ἡ Χαλκὶς ὥσπερ ἀκρόπολις τοῦ Μασσύου· ἀρχὴ δʼ αὐτοῦ Λαοδίκεια ἡ πρὸς Λιβάνῳ.
After Makras is Massyas, which also has some mountainous territory, where Chalcis is situated like the acropolis of Massyas; the beginning of it is Laodicea near Lebanon.
τὰ μὲν οὖν ὀρεινὰ ἔχουσι πάντα Ἰτουραῖοί τε καὶ Ἄραβες, κακοῦργοι πάντες, οἱ δʼ ἐν τοῖς πεδίοις γεωργοί· κακούμενοι δʼ ὑπʼ ἐκείνων ἄλλοτε ἄλλης βοηθείας δέονται.
Now, all the mountainous parts are held by Ituraeans and Arabs, all of whom are bandits, while those in the plains are farmers; and because they are harassed by the bandits, they require different kinds of assistance at different times.
ὁρμητηρίοις δʼ ἐρυμνοῖς χρῶνται, καθάπερ οἱ τὸν Λίβανον ἔχοντες ἄνω μὲν ἐν τῷ ὄρει Σιννᾶν καὶ Βορραμὰ καὶ ἄλλα τοιαῦτα ἔχουσι τείχη, κάτω δὲ Βότρυν καὶ Γίγαρτον καὶ τὰ ἐπὶ τῆς θαλάττης σπήλαια καὶ τὸ ἐπὶ τῷ Θεοῦ προσώπῳ φρούριον ἐπιτεθέν, ἃ κατέσπασε Πομπήιος, ἀφʼ ὧν τήν τε Βύβλον κατέτρεχον καὶ τὴν ἐφεξῆς ταύτῃ Βηρυτόν, αἳ μεταξὺ κεῖνται Σιδῶνος καὶ τοῦ Θεοῦ προσώπου.
These bandits use strongholds as bases; for instance, those who hold Lebanon have above, on the mountain, Sinnas, Borrama, and other similar fortresses, and below, Botrys, Gigartus, the caves by the sea, and the fortress built upon Theou Prosopon—all of which Pompey destroyed—and from these bases they would overrun Byblos and Berytus next in order, which lie between Sidon and Theou Prosopon.
ἡ μὲν οὖν Βύβλος, τὸ τοῦ Κινύρου βασίλειον, ἱερά ἐστι τοῦ Ἀδώνιδος, ἣν τυραννουμένην ἠλευθέρωσε Πομπήιος πελεκίσας ἐκεῖνον· κεῖται δʼ ἐφʼ ὕψους τινὸς μικρὸν ἄπωθεν τῆς θαλάττης.
Now Byblos, the royal seat of Cinyras, is sacred to Adonis; it was ruled by a tyrant, whom Pompey beheaded and thus liberated the city; it is situated on an elevation a short distance from the sea.
§16.2.19εἶτα μετὰ ταύτην Ἄδωνις ποταμὸς καὶ ὄρος Κλῖμαξ καὶ Παλαίβυβλος· εἶθʼ ὁ Λύκος ποταμὸς καὶ Βηρυτός·
Then, after Byblos, come the river Adonis, Mount Climax, and Palaebyblos; then the river Lycus and Berytus.
αὕτη δὲ κατεσπάσθη μὲν ὑπὸ Τρύφωνος, ἀνελήφθη δὲ νῦν ὑπὸ Ῥωμαίων, δεξαμένη δύο τάγματα ἃ ἵδρυσεν Ἀγρίππας ἐνταῦθα προσθεὶς καὶ τοῦ Μασσύου πολλὴν μέχρι καὶ τῶν τοῦ Ὀρόντου πηγῶν, αἳ πλησίον τοῦ τε Λιβάνου καὶ τοῦ Παραδείσου καὶ τοῦ Αἰγυπτίου τείχους περὶ τὴν Ἀπαμέων γῆν εἰσι.
This city was demolished by Tryphon, but has now been restored by the Romans, having received two legions which Agrippa established there, adding to it also much of Massyas, even as far as the sources of the Orontes, which are near Lebanon, Paradeisos, and the Egyptian Wall, in the neighborhood of the territory of the Apameians.
ταῦτα μὲν οὖν τὰ ἐπὶ θαλάττῃ.
These, then, are the places on the coast.