§16.2.11̔́ομορος δʼ ἐστὶ τῇ Ἀπαμέων πρὸς ἕω μὲν ἡ τῶν φυλάρχων Ἀράβων καλουμένη Παραποταμία καὶ ἡ Χαλκιδικὴ ἀπὸ τοῦ Μασσύου καθήκουσα καὶ πᾶσα ἡ πρὸς νότον τοῖς Ἀπαμεῦσιν, ἀνδρῶν σκηνιτῶν τὸ πλέον· παραπλήσιοι δʼ εἰσὶ τοῖς ἐν τῇ Μεσοποταμίᾳ νομάσιν·
Bordering the territory of the Apameians to the east is Parapotamia, as it is called, belonging to the Arab chieftains, and Chalcidice, extending down from Massyas, and the whole region to the south of the Apameians, mostly inhabited by tent-dwellers; these are very similar to the nomads in Mesopotamia.
ἀεὶ δʼ οἱ πλησιαίτεροι τοῖς Σύροις ἡμερώτεροι καὶ ἧττον Ἄραβες καὶ σκηνῖται, ἡγεμονίας ἔχοντες συντεταγμένας μᾶλλον, καθάπερ ἡ Σαμψικεράμου καὶ ἡ Γαμβάρου καὶ ἡ Θέμελλα καὶ ἄλλων τοιούτων.
But those who are always closer to the Syrians are more civilized and less like Arabs and tent-dwellers, having more orderly governments, such as those of Sampsiceramus, Gambarus, Themella, and others of the kind.
§16.2.12τοιαύτη μὲν ἡ μεσόγαια τῆς Σελευκίδος, ὁ δὲ παράπλους ὁ λοιπὸς ἀπὸ τῆς Λαοδικείας ἐστὶ τοιοῦτος· τῇ γὰρ Λαοδικείᾳ πλησιάζει πολίχνια, τό τε Ποσείδιον καὶ τὸ Ἡράκλειον καὶ τὰ Γάβαλα· εἶτʼ ἤδη ἡ τῶν Ἀραδίων παραλία, Πάλτος καὶ Βαλαναία καὶ Κάρνος, τὸ ἐπίνειον τῆς Ἀράδου λιμένιον ἔχον· εἶτʼ Ἔνυδρα καὶ Μάραθος πόλις Φοινίκων ἀρχαία κατεσπασμένη.
Such is the interior of Seleucis, and the rest of the coastal voyage from Laodicea is as follows: near Laodicea are small towns, Poseidion, Heracleium, and Gabala; then comes the coast of the Aradians, Paltus, Balanaea, and Carnus, which has a small harbor and is the seaport of Aradus; then Enydra and Marathus, an ancient Phoenician city which has been demolished.
τὴν δὲ χώραν Ἀράδιοι κατεκληρούχησαν καὶ τὰ Σίμυρα τὸ ἐφεξῆς χωρίον· τούτοις δʼ ἡ Ὀρθωσία συνεχής ἐστι καὶ ὁ Ἐλεύθερος ὁ πλησίον ποταμός, ὅνπερ ὅριον ποιοῦνταί τινες Σελευκίδος πρὸς τὴν Φοινίκην καὶ τὴν κοίλην Συρίαν.
The Aradians allotted among themselves this territory and Simyra, the place next in order; and continuous with these is Orthosia, and nearby is the river Eleutherus, which some make the boundary of Seleucis with Phoenicia and Coele-Syria.
§16.2.13πρόκειται δʼ ἡ Ἄραδος ῥαχιώδους τινὸς καὶ ἀλιμένου παραλίας μεταξὺ τοῦ τε ἐπινείου αὐτῆς μάλιστα καὶ τῆς Μαράθου, διέχουσα τῆς γῆς σταδίους εἴκοσιν.
Aradus lies off a certain rocky and harborless coast, about midway between its seaport and Marathus, at a distance of twenty stadia from the land.
ἔστι δὲ πέτρα περίκλυστος ὅσον ἑπτὰ τὸν κύκλον σταδίων, πλήρης κατοικίας· τοσαύτῃ δʼ εὐανδρίᾳ κέχρηται μέχρι καὶ νῦν ὥστε πολυορόφους οἰκοῦσι τὰς οἰκίας.
It is a rock washed on all sides by the sea, about seven stadia in circumference, and full of dwellings; and it has enjoyed such a large population up to the present time that the people live in multi-storied houses.
ἔκτισαν δʼ αὐτὴν φυγάδες, ὥς φασιν, ἐκ Σιδῶνος· τὴν δʼ ὑδρείαν τὴν μὲν ἐκ τῶν ὀμβρίων καὶ λακκαίων ὑδάτων ἔχουσι τὴν δʼ ἐκ τῆς περαίας·
They founded it, as they say, as fugitives from Sidon; and they get their water supply partly from rain-water and cisterns and partly from the opposite coast.
ἐν δὲ τοῖς πολέμοις ἐκ τοῦ πόρου μικρὸν πρὸ τῆς πόλεως ὑδρεύονται πηγὴν ἔχοντος ἀφθόνου ὕδατος, εἰς ἣν περικαταστρέφεται κλίβανος καθεθεὶς ἀπὸ τοῦ ὑδρευομένου σκάφους, μολιβοῦς, εὐρύστομος, εἰς πυθμένα συνηγμένος στενὸν ἔχοντα τρῆμα μέτριον, τῷ δὲ πυθμένι περιέσφιγκται σωλὴν σκύτινος, εἴτε ἄσκωμα δεῖ λέγειν, ὁ δεχόμενος τὸ ἀναθλιβόμενον ἐκ τῆς πηγῆς διὰ τοῦ κλιβάνου ὕδωρ.
In times of war, however, they get water from the channel a little in front of the city, which has a spring of abundant water; over this spring they lower a leaden, wide-mouthed vessel, contracted at the bottom to a narrow moderate opening, from the water-fetching boat, and place it over the spring. To the bottom of this vessel is tightly fastened a leather pipe, or perhaps one should call it an "askoma", which receives the water forced up from the spring through the vessel.
τὸ μὲν οὖν πρῶτον ἀναθλιβὲν τὸ τῆς θαλάττης ἐστί, περιμείναντες δὲ τὴν τοῦ καθαροῦ καὶ ποτίμου ὕδατος ῥύσιν, ὑπολαμβάνουσιν εἰς ἀγγεῖα παρεσκευασμένα ὅσον ἂν δέῃ, καὶ πορθμεύουσιν εἰς τὴν πόλιν.
The water forced up at first is sea-water, but they wait for the flow of pure and drinkable water, receive it into prepared vessels as much as is needed, and ferry it over to the city.
§16.2.14τὸ παλαιὸν μὲν οὖν οἱ Ἀράδιοι καθʼ αὑτοὺς ἐβασιλεύοντο παραπλησίως ὥσπερ καὶ τῶν ἄλλων ἑκάστη πόλεων τῶν Φοινικίδων· ἔπειτα τὰ μὲν οἱ Πέρσαι τὰ δʼ οἱ Μακεδόνες τὰ δὲ νῦν Ῥωμαῖοι μετέθηκαν εἰς τὴν παροῦσαν τάξιν.
In ancient times, then, the Aradians were ruled by kings of their own, in a manner similar to each of the other Phoenician cities; afterwards, the Persians at one time, the Macedonians at another, and now the Romans have changed them into their present constitution.
οἱ δʼ οὖν Ἀράδιοι μετὰ τῶν ἄλλων Φοινίκων ὑπήκουον τῶν Συριακῶν βασιλέων ἅτε φίλων· ἔπειτα στασιασάντων ἀδελφῶν δυεῖν τοῦ τε Καλλινίκου Σελεύκου καὶ Ἀντιόχου τοῦ Ἱέρακος προσαγορευθέντος, προσθέμενοι τῷ Καλλινίκῳ ποιοῦνται συμβάσεις ὥστʼ ἐξεῖναι δέχεσθαι τοὺς καταφεύγοντας ἐκ τῆς βασιλείας παρʼ αὐτούς, καὶ μὴ ἐκδιδόναι ἄκοντας· μὴ μέντοι μηδʼ ἐκπλεῖν ἐᾶν ἄνευ τοῦ ἐπιτρέψαι βασιλέα.
At any rate, the Aradians, along with the other Phoenicians, were subject to the Syrian kings as friends; then, when two brothers, Seleucus Callinicus and Antiochus surnamed Hierax, fell into factional strife, they sided with Callinicus and made agreements with him that it should be lawful for them to receive those who fled to them from the kingdom, and not to surrender them against their will, but, however, not to permit them to sail away without the king's permission.
συνέβη δὲ ἐκ τούτου μεγάλα αὐτοῖς πλεονεκτήματα· οἱ γὰρ καταφεύγοντες ἐπʼ αὐτοὺς οὐχ οἱ τυχόντες ἦσαν ἀλλʼ οἱ τὰ μέγιστα πεπιστευμένοι καὶ περὶ τῶν μεγίστων δεδιότες· ἐπιξενούμενοι δʼ αὐτοῖς εὐεργέτας ἡγοῦντο καὶ σωτῆρας τοὺς ὑποδεξαμένους, ἀπεμνημόνευόν τε τὴν χάριν καὶ μάλιστα ἐπανελθόντες εἰς τὴν οἰκείαν·
From this, great advantages resulted to them; for those who fled for refuge to them were not ordinary people, but those who had been entrusted with the greatest affairs and were in fear concerning the greatest issues; and being hospitably received by them, they regarded those who welcomed them as benefactors and saviors, and remembered the favor, especially when they returned to their own land.
ὥστʼ ἐκ τούτου χώραν τε ἐκτήσαντο τῆς περαίας πολλήν, ἧς τὴν πλείστην ἔχουσι καὶ νῦν, καὶ τἆλλα εὐθήνουν.
Consequently, from this, they acquired much of the opposite coast, most of which they hold even now, and prospered in other respects.
προσέθεσαν δὲ τῇ εὐτυχίᾳ ταύτῃ καὶ πρόνοιαν καὶ φιλοπονίαν πρὸς τὴν θαλαττουργίαν· ὁρῶντές τε τοὺς γειτονεύοντας Κίλικας τὰ πειρατήρια συνισταμένους οὐδʼ ἅπαξ ἐκοινώνουν αὐτοῖς τῆς τοιαύτης ἐπιτηδεύσεως.
To this good fortune they also added foresight and industry in maritime affairs; and seeing their neighbors, the Cilicians, organizing piratical bands, they did not even once associate themselves with them in such a practice.