§13.1.57ἔστι δὲ ἡ Ἄσσος ἐρυμνὴ καὶ εὐτειχής, ἀπὸ θαλάττης καὶ τοῦ λιμένος ὀρθίαν καὶ μακρὰν ἀνάβασιν ἔχουσα, ὥστʼ ἐπʼ αὐτῆς οἰκείως εἰρῆσθαι δοκεῖ τὸ τοῦ Στρατονίκου τοῦ κιθαριστοῦ
"
Ἄσσον ἴθʼ, ὥς κεν θᾶσσον ὀλέθρου πείραθʼ ἵκηαι.
Assus is strong and well-fortified, having a steep and long ascent from the sea and the harbor, so that the saying of Stratonicus the citharist seems to have been appropriately spoken of it: "Go to Assus [Go closer], that you may the sooner reach the goals of death.
"
ὁ δὲ λιμὴν χώματι κατεσκεύασται μεγάλῳ.
"The harbor has been constructed with a great mole.
ἐντεῦθεν ἦν Κλεάνθης, ὁ στωικὸς φιλόσοφος, ὁ διαδεξάμενος τὴν Ζήνωνος τοῦ Κιτιέως σχολήν, καταλιπὼν δὲ Χρυσίππῳ τῷ Σολεῖ·
From here came Cleanthes, the Stoic philosopher, who succeeded to the school of Zeno of Citium and left it to Chrysippus of Soli.
ἐνταῦθα δὲ καὶ Ἀριστοτέλης διέτριψε διὰ τὴν πρὸς Ἑρμείαν τὸν τύραννον κηδείαν.
And Aristotle also spent time there because of his relationship by marriage with Hermeias the tyrant.
ἦν δὲ Ἑρμείας εὐνοῦχος, τραπεζίτου τινὸς οἰκέτης· γενόμενος δʼ Ἀθήνησιν ἠκροάσατο καὶ Πλάτωνος καὶ Ἀριστοτέλους·
Now Hermeias was a eunuch, the servant of a certain banker; having come to Athens, he attended the lectures of both Plato and Aristotle.
ἐπανελθὼν δὲ τῷ δεσπότῃ συνετυράννησε, πρῶτον ἐπιθεμένῳ τοῖς περὶ Ἀταρνέα καὶ Ἄσσον χωρίοις·
On his return, he shared the tyranny with his master, who had first attacked the places around Atarneus and Assus.
ἔπειτα διεδέξατο ἐκεῖνον καὶ μετεπέμψατο τόν τε Ἀριστοτέλην καὶ Ξενοκράτην καὶ ἐπεμελήθη αὐτῶν, τῷ δʼ Ἀριστοτέλει καὶ θυγατέρα ἀδελφοῦ συνῴκισε.
Afterwards he succeeded him and sent for both Aristotle and Xenocrates and took care of them, and he even gave his brother's daughter in marriage to Aristotle.
Μέμνων δʼ ὁ Ῥόδιος ὑπηρετῶν τότε τοῖς Πέρσαις καὶ στρατηγῶν, προσποιησάμενος φιλίαν καλεῖ πρὸς ἑαυτὸν ξενίας τε ἅμα καὶ πραγμάτων προσποιητῶν χάριν, συλλαβὼν δʼ ἀνέπεμψεν ὡς τὸν βασιλέα, κἀκεῖ κρεμασθεὶς ἀπώλετο·
But Memnon the Rhodian, who was then serving the Persians as a general, having pretended friendship, invited him to himself both for the sake of hospitality and on the pretext of pretended public business; having seized him, he sent him up to the king, and there having been hanged, he perished.
οἱ φιλόσοφοι δʼ ἐσώθησαν φεύγοντες τὰ χωρία ἃ οἱ Πέρσαι κατέσχον.
But the philosophers escaped by fleeing from the places which the Persians occupied.
§13.1.58φησὶ δὲ Μυρσίλος Μηθυμναίων κτίσμα εἶναι τὴν Ἄσσον, Ἑλλάνικός τε καὶ Αἰολίδα φησίν, ὥσπερ καὶ τὰ Γάργαρα καὶ ἡ Λαμπωνία Αἰολέων.
And Myrsilus says that Assus was a foundation of the Methymnaeans, and Hellanicus also says it is Aeolian, just as Gargara and Lamponia are of the Aeolians.
Ἀσσίων γάρ ἐστι κτίσμα τὰ Γάργαρα, οὐκ εὖ συνοικούμενα· ἐποίκους γὰρ οἱ βασιλεῖς εἰσήγαγον ἐκ Μιλητουπόλεως ἐρημώσαντες ἐκείνην, ὥστε ἡμιβαρβάρους γενέσθαι φησὶ Δημήτριος αὐτοὺς ὁ Σκήψιος ἀντὶ Αἰολέων.
For Gargara was a foundation of the Assians, not well populated; for the kings introduced settlers from Miletopolis, having laid that city waste, so that Demetrius of Scepsis says they became semi-barbarians instead of Aeolians.
καθʼ Ὅμηρον μέντοι ταῦτα πάντα ἦν Λελέγων, οὓς τινὲς μὲν Κᾶρας ἀποφαίνουσιν, Ὅμηρος δὲ χωρίζει
"
πρὸς μὲν ἁλὸς Κᾶρες καὶ Παίονες ἀγκυλότοξοι
καὶ Λέλεγες καὶ Καύκωνες.
According to Homer, however, all these places belonged to the Leleges, whom some declare to be Carians, but Homer distinguishes them: "Towards the sea are the Carians and the Paeonians with curved bows, and the Leleges and the Cauconians.
"
ἕτεροι μὲν τοίνυν τῶν Καρῶν ὑπῆρξαν, ᾤκουν δὲ μεταξὺ τῶν ὑπὸ τῷ Αἰνείᾳ καὶ τῶν καλουμένων ὑπὸ τοῦ ποιητοῦ Κιλίκων· ἐκπορθηθέντες δὲ ὑπὸ τοῦ Ἀχιλλέως μετέστησαν εἰς τὴν Καρίαν, καὶ κατέσχον τὰ περὶ τὴν νῦν Ἁλικαρνασὸν χωρία.
"They were, therefore, different from the Carians, and lived between the subjects of Aeneas and those called Cilicians by the poet; having been plundered by Achilles, they migrated to Caria and occupied the places around the present Halicarnassus.
§13.1.59ἡ μὲν τοίνυν ἐκλειφθεῖσα ὑπʼ αὐτῶν πόλις Πήδασος οὐκέτʼ ἐστίν, ἐν δὲ τῇ μεσογαίᾳ τῶν Ἁλικαρνασέων τὰ Πήδασα ὑπʼ αὐτῶν ὀνομασθέντα ἦν πόλις, καὶ νῦν ἡ χώρα Πηδασὶς λέγεται.
¦p.855 Now the city of Pedasus, which was abandoned by them, no longer exists, but in the inland region of the Halicarnassians there was a city named Pedasa by them, and now the district is called Pedasis.
φασὶ δʼ ἐν αὐτῇ καὶ ὀκτὼ πόλεις ᾠκίσθαι ὑπὸ τῶν Λελέγων πρότερον εὐανδρησάντων, ὥστε καὶ τῆς Καρίας κατασχεῖν τῆς μέχρι Μύνδου καὶ Βαργυλίων, καὶ τῆς Πισιδίας ἀποτεμέσθαι πολλήν.
And they say that eight cities were founded in it by the Leleges when they formerly abounded in men, so that they even occupied Caria as far as Myndus and Bargylia, and cut off a large part of Pisidia.
ὕστερον δʼ ἅμα τοῖς Καρσὶ στρατευόμενοι κατεμερίσθησαν εἰς ὅλην τὴν Ἑλλάδα καὶ ἠφανίσθη τὸ γένος, τῶν δʼ ὀκτὼ πόλεων τὰς ἓξ Μαύσωλος εἰς μίαν τὴν Ἁλικαρνασὸν συνήγαγεν, ὡς Καλλισθένης ἱστορεῖ· Συάγγελα δὲ καὶ Μύνδον διεφύλαξε.
But afterwards, while campaigning together with the Carians, they were distributed throughout the whole of Greece and the race disappeared; and of the eight cities, Mausolus united six into one, Halicarnassus, as Callisthenes records; but he preserved Syangela and Myndus.
τοῖς δὲ Πηδασεῦσι τούτοις φησὶν Ἡρόδοτος ὅτε μέλλοι τι ἀνεπιτήδειον ἔσεσθαι καὶ τοῖς περιοίκοις, τὴν ἱέρειαν τῆς Ἀθηνᾶς πώγωνα ἴσχειν· τρὶς δὲ συμβῆναι τοῦτο αὐτοῖς.
And Herodotus says that to these Pedasians, whenever any misfortune was about to happen to them and their neighbors, the priestess of Athena grew a beard; and this happened to them three times.
Πήδασον δὲ καὶ ἐν τῇ νῦν Στρατονικέων πολίχνιόν ἐστιν.
There is also a small town called Pedasus in the territory of the present Stratoniceans.
ἐν ὅλῃ δὲ Καρίᾳ καὶ ἐν Μιλήτῳ Λελέγων τάφοι καὶ ἐρύματα καὶ ἴχνη κατοικιῶν δείκνυται.
And in the whole of Caria and in Miletus, tombs, fortifications, and traces of habitations of the Leleges are pointed out.
§13.1.60μετὰ δὲ τοὺς Λέλεγας τὴν ἑξῆς παραλίαν ᾤκουν Κίλικες καθʼ Ὅμηρον, ἣν νῦν ἔχουσιν Ἀδραμυττηνοί τε καὶ Ἀταρνεῖται καὶ Πιταναῖοι μέχρι τῆς ἐκβολῆς τοῦ Καΐκου.
And after the Leleges, the next coastal region was inhabited, according to Homer, by the Cilicians, which is now held by the Adramyttians, Atarneitans, and Pitanaeans as far as the outlet of the Caïcus.
διῄρηντο δʼ εἰς δύο δυναστείας οἱ Κίλικες, καθάπερ εἴπομεν, τήν τε ὑπὸ τῷ Ἠετίωνι καὶ τὴν ὑπὸ Μύνητι.
And the Cilicians were divided into two dynasties, as we have said, the one under Eetion and the other under Mynes.