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Strabo · Geography §13.1.33-13.1.34

Topography and Borders of the Trojan Plain and Cebrenia

Passage 414 of 577 · Greek

Summary

Strabo describes the topography of the Trojan plain and the neighboring region of Cebrenia, citing Demetrius of Scepsis regarding past borders, the history of forced resettlement, and the geographical structure of the Simoisian and Scamandrian plains formed by the ridges extending from Mount Ida.

§13.1.33τοιούτων δὲ τῶν ἐπὶ τῇ θαλάττῃ τόπων ὄντων ὑπέρκειται τούτων τὸ Τρωικὸν πεδίον μέχρι τῆς Ἴδης ἀνῆκον ἐπὶ πολλοὺς σταδίους κατὰ τὸ πρὸς ἕω μέρος.
Such being the character of the places along the sea, above them lies the Trojan plain, extending for many stadia towards the east as far as Mount Ida.
τούτου δʼ ἡ μὲν παρώρειός ἐστι στενή, τῇ μὲν ἐπὶ τὴν μεσημβρίαν τεταμένη μέχρι τῶν κατὰ Σκῆψιν τόπων, τῇ δʼ ἐπὶ τὰς ἄρκτους μέχρι τῶν κατὰ Ζέλειαν Λυκίων.
The mountain-foothill region of this plain is narrow, stretching on one side towards the south as far as the territory around Scepsis, and on the other side towards the north as far as the Lycians around Zeleia.
ταύτην δʼ ὁ ποιητὴς ὑπʼ Αἰνείᾳ τάττει καὶ τοῖς Ἀντηνορίδαις, καλεῖ δὲ Δαρδανίαν.
This region the poet places under Aeneas and the Antenoridae, and he calls it Dardania.
ὑπὸ δὲ ταύτῃ Κεβρηνία, πεδιὰς ἡ πλείστη, παράλληλός πως τῇ Δαρδανίᾳ· ἦν δὲ καὶ πόλις ποτὲ Κεβρήνη.
Below this is Cebrenia, mostly a plain, running somehow parallel to Dardania; and there was once also a city, Cebrene.
ὑπονοεῖ δʼ ὁ Δημήτριος μέχρι δεῦρο διατείνειν τὴν περὶ τὸ Ἴλιον χώραν τὴν ὑπὸ τῷ Ἕκτορι, ἀνήκουσαν ἀπὸ τοῦ ναυστάθμου μέχρι Κεβρηνίας· τάφον τε γὰρ Ἀλεξάνδρου δείκνυσθαί φησιν αὐτόθι καὶ Οἰνώνης, ἣν ἱστοροῦσι γυναῖκα γεγονέναι τοῦ Ἀλεξάνδρου πρὶν Ἑλένην ἁρπάσαι· λέγειν τε τὸν ποιητήν " Κεβριόνην νόθον υἱὸν ἀγακλῆος Πριάμοιο, " ὃν εἰκὸς εἶναι ἐπώνυμον τῆς χώρας ἢ καὶ πόλεως, ὅπερ πιθανώτερον·
Demetrius suspects that the territory around Ilium which was under Hector extended as far as this place, reaching from the naval station to Cebrenia; for he says that the tomb of Alexander is shown there, and also that of Oenone, who, as historians relate, was the wife of Alexander before he carried off Helen; and he says that the poet speaks of: "Cebriones, the bastard son of far-famed Priam, "who was likely named after the country or the city, which is more probable.
τὴν δὲ Κεβρηνίαν διήκειν μέχρι τῆς Σκηψίας, ὅριον δʼ εἶναι τὸν Σκάμανδρον μέσον αὐτῶν ῥέοντα· ἔχθραν δʼ ἀεὶ καὶ πόλεμον εἶναι τοῖς τε Κεβρηνοῖς καὶ τοῖς Σκηψίοις, ἕως Ἀντίγονος αὐτοὺς συνῴκισεν εἰς τὴν τότε μὲν Ἀντιγόνειαν νῦν δὲ Ἀλεξάνδρειαν· τοὺς μὲν οὖν Κεβρηνιέας συμμεῖναι τοῖς ἄλλοις ἐν τῇ Ἀλεξανδρείᾳ, τοὺς δὲ Σκηψίους ἐπανελθεῖν εἰς τὴν οἰκείαν ἐπιτρέψαντος Λυσιμάχου.
And he says that Cebrenia extends as far as the territory of Scepsis, and that the boundary between them is the Scamander, which flows through the middle; and that there was always enmity and war between the Cebrenians and the Scepsians until Antigonus settled them together in the city then called Antigoneia but now Alexandria; and so the Cebrenians remained with the others in Alexandria, but the Scepsians returned to their own home when Lysimachus permitted them to do so.
§13.1.34ἀπὸ δὲ τῆς κατὰ τοὺς τόπους Ἰδαίας ὀρεινῆς δύο φησὶν ἀγκῶνας ἐκτείνεσθαι πρὸς θάλατταν, τὸν μὲν εὐθὺ Ῥοιτείου τὸν δὲ Σιγείου, ποιοῦντας ἐξ ἀμφοῖν γραμμὴν ἡμικυκλιώδη· τελευτᾶν δʼ ἐν τῷ πεδίῳ, τοσοῦτον ἀπέχοντας τῆς θαλάττης ὅσον τὸ νῦν Ἴλιον.
And he says that from the Idaean mountain range in these parts two ridges extend to the sea, one straight towards Rhoeteum and the other towards Sigeum, making together a semicircular line; and they terminate in the plain at the same distance from the sea as the present Ilium.
τοῦτο μὲν δὴ μεταξὺ τῆς τελευτῆς τῶν λεχθέντων ἀγκώνων εἶναι, τὸ δὲ παλαιὸν κτίσμα μεταξὺ τῆς ἀρχῆς· ἀπολαμβάνεσθαι δʼ ἐντὸς τό τε Σιμοείσιον πεδίον διʼ οὗ ὁ Σιμόεις φέρεται, καὶ τὸ Σκαμάνδριον διʼ οὗ Σκάμανδρος ῥεῖ.
This city, then, lies between the extremities of the said ridges, while the ancient foundation lay between their beginnings; and there are enclosed within them both the Simoisian plain, through which the Simois flows, and the Scamandrian, through which the Scamander flows.
τοῦτο δὲ καὶ ἰδίως Τρωικὸν λέγεται, καὶ τοὺς πλείστους ἀγῶνας ὁ ποιητὴς ἐνταῦθα ἀποδίδωσι· πλατύτερον γάρ ἐστι, καὶ τοὺς ὀνομαζομένους τόπους ἐνταῦθα δεικνυμένους ὁρῶμεν, τὸν ἐρινεόν, τὸν τοῦ Αἰσυήτου τάφον, τὴν Βατίειαν, τὸ τοῦ Ἴλου σῆμα.
This latter is also called specifically the Trojan plain, and the poet represents most of the contests as taking place here; for it is wider, and we see the named places pointed out here: the wild fig-tree, the tomb of Aesyetes, Batieia, and the monument of Ilus.
οἱ δὲ ποταμοὶ ὅ τε Σκάμανδρος καὶ ὁ Σιμόεις, ὁ μὲν τῷ Σιγείῳ πλησιάσας ὁ δὲ τῷ Ῥοιτείῳ, μικρὸν ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ νῦν Ἰλίου συμβάλλουσιν, εἶτʼ ἐπὶ τὸ Σίγειον ἐκδιδόασι καὶ ποιοῦσι τὴν στομαλίμνην καλουμένην.
And the rivers, the Scamander and the Simois, the former approaching Sigeum and the latter Rhoeteum, unite a little in front of the present Ilium, and then empty towards Sigeum and form the so-called Stomalimne.
διείργει δʼ ἑκάτερον τῶν λεχθέντων πεδίων ἀπὸ θατέρου μέγας τις αὐχὴν τῶν εἰρημένων ἀγκώνων ἐπʼ εὐθείας, ἀπὸ τοῦ νῦν Ἰλίου τὴν ἀρχὴν ἔχων συμφυὴς αὐτῷ, τεινόμενος δʼ ἕως τῆς Κεβρηνίας καὶ ἀποτελῶν τὸ Ε γράμμα πρὸς τοὺς ἑκατέρωθεν ἀγκῶνας.
And each of the said plains is separated from the other by a great neck of the aforementioned ridges, which runs in a straight line, having its beginning from the present Ilium and being continuous with it, stretching as far as Cebrenia and completing the letter E in relation to the ridges on either side.

Notes

  1. 13.1.33ὑπονοεῖ δʼ ὁ Δημήτριος — To report Demetrius's hypotheses and assertions, a long series of accusative and infinitive clauses (Indirect Discourse) continues from this point to the end of the section (ἐπιτρέψαντος Λυσιμάχου). The principal verb `ὑπονοεῖ` (and the inserted parenthetical `φησιν`, "he says") governs the infinitives `διατείνειν`, `δείκνυσθαι`, `λέγειν`, `διήκειν`, `εἶναι`, `συμμεῖναι`, and `ἐπανελθεῖν`.
  2. 13.1.33ὃν εἰκὸς εἶναι ἐπώνυμον τῆς χώρας ἢ καὶ πόλεως — The relative clause introduced by `ὃν` (referring to Cebriones) is embedded in Demetrius's indirect discourse. The impersonal construction `εἰκός [ἐστι]` ("it is likely") is followed by the infinitive `εἶναι`, and the adjective `ἐπώνυμον` ("eponymous of") agrees in case with `ὃν` (as an accusative predicate) while governing the genitive `τῆς χώρας ἢ καὶ πόλεως`.
  3. 13.1.34ἀποτελῶν τὸ Ε γράμμα — The present active participle `ἀποτελῶν` ("completing / forming") is masculine nominative singular, agreeing with `αὐχήν` ("neck / ridge"), which is the subject of the main verb `διείργει`. This describes a geometrical analogy where the central ridge forms the middle bar of the Greek letter E (epsilon) in relation to the two outer ridges.

Cite this passage

Strabo, Geography §13.1.33-13.1.34. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0099.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:13.1.33-13.1.34

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