Humanitext Reader

Strabo · Geography §13.1.28-13.1.32

Coast from Dardanus to Sigeum and Heroic Tombs

Passage 413 of 577 · Greek

Summary

The author describes the geographical features, monuments, and temples along the Troas coast from Abydos to Sigeum, mentioning Dardanus, where Sulla and Mithridates met, and the tombs of Trojan heroes, while discussing why Heracles' destruction of Troy was less complete than that of the Achaeans.

§13.1.28ἔστι τοίνυν μετʼ Ἄβυδον ἥ τε Δαρδανὶς ἄκρα, ἧς μικρὸν πρότερον ἐμνήσθημεν, καὶ ἡ πόλις ἡ Δάρδανος, διέχουσα τῆς Ἀβύδου ἑβδομήκοντα σταδίους.
Next after Abydos, then, is the Dardanian promontory, which we mentioned a little earlier, and the city of Dardanus, seventy stadia distant from Abydos.
μεταξύ τε ὁ Ῥοδίος ἐκπίπτει ποταμός, καθʼ ὃν ἐν τῇ Χερρονήσῳ τὸ Κυνὸς σῆμά ἐστιν, ὅ φασιν Ἑκάβης εἶναι τάφον· οἱ δὲ τὸν Ῥοδίον εἰς τὸν Αἴσηπον ἐμβάλλειν φασίν· εἷς δʼ ἐστὶ τῶν ὑπὸ τοῦ ποιητοῦ λεγομένων καὶ οὗτος " Ῥῆσός θʼ Ἑπτάπορός τε Κάρησός τε Ῥοδίος τε.
In between, the river Rhodius flows out, opposite which in the Chersonese is Cynos-sema, which they say is the tomb of Hecuba; but some say that the Rhodius empties into the Asepus; and this is also one of those mentioned by the poet: "Rhesus and Heptaporus and Caresus and Rhodius.
" ἡ δὲ Δάρδανος κτίσμα ἀρχαῖον, οὕτω δʼ εὐκαταφρόνητον ὥστε πολλάκις οἱ βασιλεῖς οἱ μὲν μετῴκιζον αὐτὴν εἰς Ἄβυδον οἱ δὲ ἀνῴκιζον πάλιν εἰς τὸ ἀρχαῖον κτίσμα.
"Dardanus is an ancient foundation, but so easy to despise that the kings often moved its population to Abydos, and others moved them back again to the ancient foundation.
ἐνταῦθα δὲ συνῆλθον Σύλλας τε Κορνήλιος ὁ τῶν Ῥωμαίων ἡγεμὼν καὶ Μιθριδάτης ὁ κληθεὶς Εὐπάτωρ, καὶ συνέβησαν πρὸς ἀλλήλους ἐπὶ καταλύσει τοῦ πολέμου.
Here Cornelius Sulla, the leader of the Romans, and Mithridates, surnamed Eupator, came together and made an agreement with each other for the termination of the war.
§13.1.29πλησίον δʼ ἐστὶ τὸ Ὀφρύνιον, ἐφʼ ᾧ τὸ τοῦ Ἕκτορος ἄλσος ἐν περιφανεῖ τόπῳ· καὶ ἐφεξῆς λίμνη Πτελεώς.
Near this is Ophrynium, where there is the sacred grove of Hector in a conspicuous place; and next in order is Lake Pteleos.
§13.1.30εἶτα Ῥοίτειον πόλις ἐπὶ λόφῳ κειμένη καὶ τῷ Ῥοιτείῳ συνεχὴς ᾐὼν ἁλιτενής, ἐφʼ ᾗ μνῆμα καὶ ἱερὸν Αἴαντος καὶ ἀνδριάς, ὃν ἄραντος Ἀντωνίου κομισθέντα εἰς Αἴγυπτον ἀπέδωκε τοῖς Ῥοιτειεῦσι πάλιν, καθάπερ καὶ ἄλλοις, ὁ Σεβαστὸς Καῖσαρ.
Then comes Rhoeteum, a city situated on a hill, and adjacent to Rhoeteum is a flat beach, on which are the tomb, the shrine, and the statue of Ajax, which Antony took and carried to Egypt, but Augustus Caesar restored again to the Rhoeteans, just as he did to others.
τὰ γὰρ κάλλιστα ἀναθήματα ἐκ τῶν ἐπιφανεστάτων ἱερῶν ὁ μὲν ἦρε τῇ Αἰγυπτίᾳ χαριζόμενος, ὁ δὲ θεοῖς ἀπέδωκε.
For the most beautiful offerings from the most illustrious shrines Antony took away to gratify the Egyptian woman, but Augustus restored them to the gods.
§13.1.31μετὰ δὲ τὸ Ῥοίτειον ἔστι τὸ Σίγειον, κατεσπασμένη πόλις, καὶ τὸ ναύσταθμον καὶ ὁ Ἀχαιῶν λιμὴν καὶ τὸ Ἀχαϊκὸν στρατόπεδον καὶ ἡ στομαλίμνη καλουμένη καὶ αἱ τοῦ Σκαμάνδρου ἐκβολαί.
After Rhoeteum is Sigeum, a demolished city, and the naval station, the harbor of the Achaeans, the Achaean camp, the so-called Stomalimne, and the outlets of the Scamander.
συμπεσόντες γὰρ ὅ τε Σιμόεις καὶ ὁ Σκάμανδρος ἐν τῷ πεδίῳ πολλὴν καταφέροντες ἰλὺν προσχοῦσι τὴν παραλίαν καὶ τυφλὸν στόμα τε καὶ λιμνοθαλάττας καὶ ἕλη ποιοῦσι.
For the Simois and the Scamander, meeting in the plain and carrying down much silt, heap up the shore and make a blind mouth, lagoons, and marshes.
κατὰ δὲ τὴν Σιγειάδα ἄκραν ἐστὶν ἐν τῇ Χερρονήσῳ τὸ Πρωτεσιλάειον καὶ ἡ Ἐλαιοῦσσα, περὶ ὧν εἰρήκαμεν ἐν τοῖς Θρᾳκίοις.
Opposite the Sigean promontory, in the Chersonese, is the shrine of Protesilaus and Elaeus, concerning which we have spoken in the Thracian parts.
§13.1.32ἔστι δὲ τὸ μῆκος τῆς παραλίας ταύτης ἀπὸ τοῦ Ῥοιτείου μέχρι Σιγείου καὶ τοῦ Ἀχιλλέως μνήματος εὐθυπλοούντων ἑξήκοντα σταδίων· ὑποπέπτωκε δὲ τῷ Ἰλίῳ πᾶσα, τῷ μὲν νῦν κατὰ τὸν Ἀχαιῶν λιμένα ὅσον δώδεκα σταδίους διέχουσα, τῷ δὲ προτέρῳ τριάκοντα ἄλλοις σταδίοις ἀνωτέρῳ κατὰ τὸ πρὸς τὴν Ἴδην μέρος.
And the length of this coast from Rhoeteum to Sigeum and the tomb of Achilles is sixty stadia for those sailing in a straight line; and it all lies below Ilium, being about twelve stadia distant from the present city along the harbor of the Achaeans, and from the former city thirty other stadia higher up in the direction of Mount Ida.
τοῦ μὲν οὖν Ἀχιλλέως καὶ ἱερόν ἐστι καὶ μνῆμα πρὸς τῷ Σιγείῳ, Πατρόκλου δὲ καὶ Ἀντιλόχου μνήματα, καὶ ἐναγίζουσιν οἱ Ἰλιεῖς πᾶσι καὶ τούτοις καὶ τῷ Αἴαντι.
Now both the shrine and the tomb of Achilles are near Sigeum, and there are also the tombs of Patroclus and Antilochus, and the Ilians offer sacrifices to all of these and to Ajax.
Ἡρακλέα δʼ οὐ τιμῶσιν αἰτιώμενοι τὴν ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ πόρθησιν.
But Heracles they do not honor, alleging as a reason the destruction of the city by him.
ἀλλʼ ἐκεῖνος μέν, φαίη τις ἄν, οὕτως ἐπόρθησεν ὥστʼ ἀπολιπεῖν τοῖς ὕστερον ἐκπορθήσουσι κεκακωμένην μέν, πόλιν δέ· διὸ καὶ οὕτως εἴρηκεν ὁ ποιητής " Ἰλίου ἐξαλάπαξε πόλιν, χήρωσε δʼ ἀγυιάς.
Yet he, someone might say, destroyed it in such a way as to leave a city, though damaged, for those who were to destroy it completely later; wherefore the poet also has said: "He desolated the city of Ilium, and widowed her streets.
" ἡ γὰρ χηρεία λιπανδρία τίς ἐστιν, οὐκ ἀφανισμὸς τέλειος· οὗτοι δʼ ἠφάνισαν τελέως, οἷς ἐναγίζειν ἀξιοῦσι καὶ τιμᾶν ὡς θεούς· εἰ μὴ τοῦτʼ αἰτιάσαιντο διότι οὗτοι μὲν δίκαιον πόλεμον ἐξήνεγκαν, ἐκεῖνος δὲ ἄδικον ἕνεχʼ ἵππων Λαομέδοντος. πρὸς τοῦτο δὲ πάλιν ἀντιτίθεται μῦθος· οὐ γὰρ ἕνεκα ἵππων, ἀλλὰ μισθοῦ ὑπὲρ τῆς Ἡσιόνης καὶ τοῦ κήτους.
"For "widowhood" is a kind of depopulation, not complete disappearance; but these others, whom they think worthy of sacrifices and honor as gods, destroyed it completely; unless they should make this accusation, that those waged a just war, but he an unjust one "on account of the horses of Laomedon." But against this, again, a myth is opposed; for it was not on account of the horses, but for the reward for Hesione and the sea-monster.
ἀλλʼ ἐάσωμεν ταῦτα· εἰς γὰρ μύθων ἀνασκευὰς ἐκπίπτει· τάχα δὲ λανθάνουσί τινες ἡμᾶς αἰτίαι πιστότεραι διʼ ἃς τοῖς Ἰλιεῦσιν ἐπῆλθε τοὺς μὲν τιμᾶν τοὺς δὲ μή.
But let us leave these things; for it leads into refutations of myths; perhaps some more reliable reasons escape us, because of which it occurred to the Ilians to honor some and not others.
ἔοικε δὲ ὁ ποιητὴς μικρὰν ἀποφαίνειν τὴν πόλιν ἐν τῷ περὶ Ἡρακλέους λόγῳ, εἴπερ " ἓξ οἴῃς σὺν νηυσὶ καὶ ἀνδράσι παυροτέροισιν Ἰλίου ἐξαλάπαξε πόλιν.
And the poet seems to show that the city was small in the account concerning Heracles, if indeed: "With only six ships and fewer men, he desolated the city of Ilium.
" καὶ φαίνεται ὁ Πρίαμος τῷ τοιούτῳ λόγῳ μέγας ἐκ μικροῦ γεγονὼς καὶ βασιλεὺς βασιλέων, ὡς ἔφαμεν.
"And Priam, from such a state, seems to have become great from a small beginning and a king of kings, as we said.
μικρὸν δὲ προελθοῦσιν ἀπὸ τῆς παραλίας ταύτης ἐστὶ τὸ Ἀχαίιον ἤδη τῆς Τενεδίων περαίας ὑπάρχον.
A little further on from this coast is Achaiium, which already belongs to the mainland opposite Tenedos.

Notes

  1. 13.1.28οἱ μὲν μετῴκιζον αὐτὴν εἰς Ἄβυδον οἱ δὲ ἀνῴκιζον πάλιν — The contrastive structure μέν... δέ... shows how some kings relocated the population to Abydos (μετῴκιζον) and others moved them back (ἀνῴκιζον πάλιν) to the original site. Both verbs are in the imperfect tense, representing repeated historical actions of displacement.
  2. 13.1.32εὐθυπλοούντων — Present participle genitive plural, functioning as a genitive absolute or implying a noun like ἀνθρώπων ("for men sailing in a straight line"), expressing the condition or manner of measuring the distance.
  3. 13.1.32εἰ μὴ τοῦτʼ αἰτιάσαιντο — A conditional clause with εἰ and the optative mood, representing a potential assumption or concession ("unless they should urge this point as an objection"). It introduces a hypothetical reasoning by the Ilians into the main historical argument.

Cite this passage

Strabo, Geography §13.1.28-13.1.32. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0099.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:13.1.28-13.1.32

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