§12.2.5τρίτη δʼ ἐστὶν ἱερωσύνη Διὸς Ἀσβαμαίου λειπομένη ταύτης, ἀξιόλογος δʼ ὅμως.
The third priesthood is that of Zeus Asbamaeos, which is inferior to this one, though nevertheless notable.
ἐνταῦθα δʼ ἐστὶ λάκκος ἁλμυροῦ ὕδατος, ἀξιολόγου λίμνης ἔχων περίμετρον, ὀφρύσι κλειόμενος ὑψηλαῖς τε καὶ ὀρθίαις ὥστʼ ἔχειν κατάβασιν κλιμακώδη· τὸ δʼ ὕδωρ οὔτʼ αὔξεσθαί φασιν οὔτʼ ἀπόρρυσιν ἔχειν οὐδαμοῦ φανεράν.
Here there is a pit of salt water, having the circumference of a notable lake, enclosed by high and steep banks so as to have a staircase-like descent; they say that the water neither increases nor has any visible outlet anywhere.
§12.2.6πόλιν δʼ οὔτε τὸ τῶν Καταόνων ἔχει πεδίον οὔθʼ ἡ Μελιτηνή, φρούρια δʼ ἐρυμνὰ ἐπὶ τῶν ὀρῶν τά τε Ἀζάμορα καὶ τὸ Δάσταρκον, ὃ περιρρεῖται τῷ Καρμάλᾳ ποταμῷ.
Neither the plain of the Cataonians nor Melitene has a city, but they have strong fortresses on the mountains, namely Azamora and Dastarcum, which is flowed around by the River Carmalas.
ἔχει δὲ καὶ ἱερὸν τὸ τοῦ Κατάονος Ἀπόλλωνος καθʼ ὅλην τιμώμενον τὴν Καππαδοκίαν, ποιησαμένων ἀφιδρύματα ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ.
It also has a temple of Apollo Cataon, which is honored throughout all Cappadocia, people having made copies of its image.
οὐδὲ αἱ ἄλλαι στρατηγίαι πόλεις ἔχουσι πλὴν δυεῖν· τῶν δὲ λοιπῶν στρατηγιῶν ἐν μὲν τῇ Σαργαραυσηνῇ πολίχνιόν ἐστιν Ἧρπα καὶ ποταμὸς Καρμάλας, ὃς καὶ αὐτὸς εἰς τὴν Κιλικίαν ἐκδίδωσιν· ἐν δὲ ταῖς ἄλλαις ὅ τε Ἄργος ἔρυμα ὑψηλὸν πρὸς τῷ Ταύρῳ, καὶ τὰ Νῶρα ὃ νῦν καλεῖται Νηροασσός, ἐν ᾧ Εὐμένης πολιορκούμενος ἀντέσχε πολὺν χρόνον· καθʼ ἡμᾶς δὲ Σισίνου ὑπῆρξε χρηματοφυλάκιον τοῦ ἐπιθεμένου τῇ Καππαδόκων ἀρχῇ.
Nor do the other prefectures have cities, except for two; of the remaining prefectures, in Sargarausene there is a small town called Herpa and the River Carmalas, which itself also empties into Cilicia; and in the others, there is Argos, a high fortress near the Taurus, and Nora, which is now called Neroassus, in which Eumenes held out for a long time when besieged; in our time it was the treasury of Sisines, who made an attempt upon the rule of the Cappadocians.
τούτου δʼ ἦν καὶ τὰ Κάδηνα, βασίλειον καὶ πόλεως κατασκευὴν ἔχον· ἔστι δὲ καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν ὅρων τῶν Λυκαονικῶν τὰ Γαρσαύιρα κωμόπολις· λέγεται δʼ ὑπάρξαι ποτὲ καὶ αὕτη μητρόπολις τῆς χώρας.
To him also belonged Cadena, which had a royal palace and the layout of a city; and there is also Garsaura on the Lycaonian borders, a large village, which is said to have once been the capital of the country.
ἐν δὲ τῇ Μοριμηνῇ τὸ ἱερὸν τοῦ ἐν Ὀυηνάσοις Διός, ἱεροδούλων κατοικίαν ἔχον τρισχιλίων σχεδόν τι καὶ χώραν ἱερὰν εὔκαρπον, παρέχουσαν πρόσοδον ἐνιαύσιον ταλάντων πεντεκαίδεκα τῷ ἱερεῖ· καὶ οὗτος δʼ ἐστὶ διὰ βίου, καθάπερ καὶ ὁ ἐν Κομάνοις, καὶ δευτερεύει κατὰ τιμὴν μετʼ ἐκεῖνον.
In Morimene is the temple of Zeus in Venasa, having a settlement of nearly three thousand temple-slaves and a fertile sacred territory, which yields an annual revenue of fifteen talents to the priest; and he too holds office for life, like the priest in Comana, and is second in honor after him.
§12.2.7δύο δὲ μόναι στρατηγίαι πόλεις ἔχουσιν, ἡ μὲν Τυανῖτις τὰ Τύανα ὑποπεπτωκυῖαν τῷ Ταύρῳ τῷ κατὰ τὰς Κιλικίας πύλας, καθʼ ἃς εὐπετέσταται καὶ κοινόταται πᾶσίν εἰσιν αἱ εἰς τὴν Κιλικίαν καὶ τὴν Συρίαν ὑπερβολαί· καλεῖται δὲ Εὐσέβεια ἡ πρὸς τῷ Ταύρῳ ἀγαθὴ δὲ καὶ πεδιὰς ἡ πλείστη.
Only two prefectures have cities, Tyanitis has Tyana, situated under the Taurus at the Cilician Gates, where the passes into Cilicia and Syria are easiest and most common for everyone; it is also called Eusebia near the Taurus; and most of it is a good and level plain.
τὰ δὲ Τύανα ἐπίκειται χώματι Σεμιράμιδος τετειχισμένῳ καλῶς.
Tyana is built upon a mound of Semiramis, which is well walled.
οὐ πολὺ δʼ ἄπωθεν ταύτης ἐστὶ τά τε Καστάβαλα καὶ τὰ Κύβιστρα, ἔτι μᾶλλον τῷ ὄρει πλησιάζοντα πολίσματα· ὧν ἐν τοῖς Κασταβάλοις ἐστὶ τὸ τῆς Περασίας Ἀρτέμιδος ἱερόν, ὅπου φασὶ τὰς ἱερείας γυμνοῖς τοῖς ποσὶ διʼ ἀνθρακιᾶς βαδίζειν ἀπαθεῖς· κἀνταῦθα δέ τινες τὴν αὐτὴν θρυλοῦσιν ἱστορίαν τὴν περὶ τοῦ Ὀρέστου καὶ τῆς Ταυροπόλου, Περασίαν κεκλῆσθαι φάσκοντες διὰ τὸ πέραθεν κομισθῆναι.
Not far from this are Castabala and Cybistra, small towns situated still closer to the mountain; in Castabala is the temple of Artemis Perasia, where they say the priestesses walk through hot coals with bare feet without being harmed; and here too some tell the same story about Orestes and Artemis Tauropolos, claiming that she was called Perasia because she was brought from the other side.
ἐν μὲν δὴ τῇ Τυανίτιδι στρατηγίᾳ τῶν λεχθεισῶν δέκα ἔστι πόλισμα τὰ Τύανα (τὰς δʼ ἐπικτήτους οὐ συναριθμῶ ταύταις, τὰ Καστάβαλα καὶ τὰ Κύβιστρα καὶ τὰ ἐν τῇ τραχείᾳ Κιλικίᾳ, ἐν ᾗ τὴν Ἐλαιοῦσσαν νησίον εὔκαρπον συνέκτισεν Ἀρχέλαος ἀξιολόγως, καὶ τὸ πλέον ἐνταῦθα διέτριβεν), ἐν δὲ τῇ Κιλικίᾳ καλουμένῃ τὰ Μάζακα ἡ μητρόπολις τοῦ ἔθνους· καλεῖται δʼ Εὐσέβεια καὶ αὕτη ἐπίκλησιν ἡ πρὸς τῷ Ἀργαίῳ· κεῖται γὰρ ὑπὸ τῷ Ἀργαίῳ ὄρει πάντων ὑψηλοτάτῳ καὶ ἀνέκλειπτον χιόνι τὴν ἀκρώρειαν ἔχοντι, ἀφʼ ἧς φασιν οἱ ἀναβαίνοντες (οὗτοι δʼ εἰσὶν ὀλίγοι) κατοπτεύεσθαι ταῖς αἰθρίαις ἄμφω τὰ πελάγη τό τε Ποντικὸν καὶ τὸ Ἰσσικόν.
Now in the Tyanitis prefecture, of the ten mentioned, there is the town of Tyana (I do not count with these the acquired lands, Castabala and Cybistra and those in Cilicia Tracheia, where Archelaus founded Elaiussa, a fertile islet, in a notable manner, and spent most of his time there), and in the prefecture called Cilicia is Mazaca, the metropolis of the nation; this is also called by epithet Eusebia near Argaeus; for it lies under Mount Argaeus, which is the highest of all and has its summit perpetually covered with snow, from which those who ascend (and these are few) say that in clear weather both seas, both the Pontic and the Issic, can be seen.
τὰ μὲν οὖν ἄλλα ἀφυῆ πρὸς συνοικισμὸν ἔχει πόλεως· ἄνυδρός τε γάρ ἐστι καὶ ἀνώχυρος διὰ τὴν ὀλιγωρίαν τῶν ἡγεμόνων καὶ ἀτείχιστος, τάχα δὲ καὶ ἐπίτηδες, ἵνα μὴ ὡς ἐρύματι πεποιθότες τῷ τείχει σφόδρα λῃστεύοιεν πεδίον οἰκοῦντες λόφους ὑπερδεξίους ἔχοντες καὶ ἀνεμβαλεῖς.
Now in other respects it is naturally unsuited for the settlement of a city; for it is waterless and unfortified due to the neglect of its rulers, and without walls, perhaps even on purpose, so that they might not, trusting in the wall as a fortress, commit robberies extensively, since they inhabit a plain and have hills commanding it and inaccessible to invasion.
καὶ τὰ κύκλῳ δὲ χωρία ἔχει τελέως ἄφορα καὶ ἀγεώργητα καίπερ ὄντα πεδινά, ἀλλʼ ἔστιν ἀμμώδη καὶ ὑπόπετρα.
And the surrounding country is entirely barren and uncultivated, although it is level, but it is sandy and rocky underneath.
μικρὸν δʼ ἔτι προϊοῦσι καὶ πυρίληπτα πεδία καὶ μεστὰ βόθρων πυρὸς ἐπὶ σταδίους πολλοὺς ὥστε πόρρωθεν ἡ κομιδὴ τῶν ἐπιτηδείων, καὶ τὸ δοκοῦν δὲ πλεονέκτημα παρακείμενον ἔχει κίνδυνον· ἀξύλου γὰρ ὑπαρχούσης σχεδόν τι τῆς συμπάσης Καππαδοκίας ὁ Ἀργαῖος ἔχει περικείμενον δρυμὸν ὥστε ἐγγύθεν ὁ ξυλισμὸς πάρεστιν, ἀλλʼ οἱ ὑποκείμενοι τῷ δρυμῷ τόποι καὶ αὐτοὶ πολλαχοῦ πυρὰ ἔχουσιν, ἅμα δὲ καὶ ὕφυδροί εἰσι ψυχρῷ ὕδατι, οὔτε τοῦ πυρὸς οὔτε τοῦ ὕδατος εἰς τὴν ἐπιφάνειαν ἐκκύπτοντος, ὥστε καὶ ποάζειν τὴν πλείστην· ἔστι δʼ ὅπου καὶ ἑλῶδές ἐστι τὸ ἔδαφος καὶ νύκτωρ ἐξάπτονται φλόγες ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ.
Going a little further, there are plains parched by fire and full of fiery pits for many stades, so that the transport of provisions must be from afar, and what seems to be an advantage has a neighboring danger; for since almost the whole of Cappadocia is woodless, Argaeus has a forest surrounding it, so that woodcutting is at hand, but the places lying below the forest also have fire in many places, and at the same time are watered beneath with cold water, neither the fire nor the water bursting out to the surface, so that most of it is grassy; but in some places the ground is marshy, and at night flames blaze up from it.
οἱ μὲν οὖν ἔμπειροι φυλαττόμενοι τὸν ξυλισμὸν ποιοῦνται, τοῖς δὲ πολλοῖς κίνδυνός ἐστι, καὶ μάλιστα τοῖς κτήνεσιν ἐμπίπτουσιν εἰς ἀδήλους βόθρους πυρός.
Those who are experienced, therefore, keep on their guard when they do their woodcutting, but for the majority there is danger, and especially for the beasts of burden, which fall into the hidden pits of fire.