§1.1.21νυνὶ δὲ ἐξ ἑτοίμου δεῖ λαβεῖν ἔνια, καὶ ταῦθʼ ὅσα τῷ πολιτικῷ καὶ τῷ στρατηλάτῃ χρήσιμα.
But now we must take certain things for granted, and indeed those which are useful to the statesman and the general.
οὔτε γὰρ οὕτω δεῖ ἀγνοεῖν τὰ περὶ τὸν οὐρανὸν καὶ τὴν θέσιν τῆς γῆς, ὥστʼ ἐπειδὰν γένηται κατὰ τόπους, καθʼ οὓς ἐξήλλακταί τινα τῶν φαινομένων τοῖς πολλοῖς ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ, ταράττεσθαι καὶ τοιαῦτα λέγειν· ὦ φίλοι, οὐ γάρ τʼ ἴδμεν ὅπη ζόφος, οὐδʼ ὅπη ἠώς, οὐδʼ ὅπη ἠέλιος φαεσίμβροτος εἶσʼ ὑπὸ γαῖαν, οὐδʼ ὅπη ἀννεῖται· οὔθʼ οὕτως ἀκριβοῦν, ὥστε τὰς πανταχοῦ συνανατολάς τε καὶ συγκαταδύσεις καὶ συμμεσουρανήσεις καὶ ἐξάρματα πόλων καὶ τὰ κατὰ κορυφὴν σημεῖα καὶ ὅσα ἄλλα τοιαῦτα κατὰ τὰς μεταπτώσεις τῶν ὁριζόντων ἅμα καὶ τῶν ἀρκτικῶν διαφέροντα ἀπαντᾷ, τὰ μὲν πρὸς τὴν ὄψιν τὰ δὲ καὶ τῇ φύσει, γνωρίζειν ἅπαντα· ἀλλὰ τὰ μὲν μηδʼ ὅλως φροντίζειν, πλὴν εἰ θέας φιλοσόφου χάριν, τοῖς δὲ πιστεύειν, κἂν μὴ βλέπῃ τὸ διὰ τί.
For we must neither be so ignorant of the sky and the position of the earth that, whenever we come to places where some of the celestial phenomena familiar to the general public are changed, we are confused and say such things as: "Ah, friends, for we do not know where the darkness is, nor where the dawn, nor where the sun, who gives light to mortals, goes beneath the earth, nor where he rises;" nor, on the other hand, should we be so precise as to know all the simultaneous risings, settings, culminations, elevations of the poles, zenith points, and all other such things which, as horizons and arctic circles shift, present themselves differently, some to our sight and others in their very nature; but as for some of these things, we should not care at all, except for the sake of philosophical contemplation, and as for others, we should believe them even if we do not see the reason why.
καὶ γὰρ τοῦτο τοῦ φιλοσοφοῦντος μόνου, τῷ δὲ πολιτικῷ σχολῆς οὐ τοσαύτης μέτεστιν ἢ οὐκ ἀεί.
For indeed, this belongs to the philosopher alone, whereas the statesman does not have so much leisure, or at least not always.
οὐ μὴν οὐδʼ οὕτως ὑπάρχειν ἁπλοῦν δεῖ τὸν ἐντυγχάνοντα τῇ γραφῇ ταύτῃ καὶ ἀργόν, ὥστε μηδὲ σφαῖραν ἰδεῖν, μηδὲ κύκλους ἐν αὐτῇ τοὺς μὲν παραλλήλους τοὺς δʼ ὀρθίους πρὸς τούτους τοὺς δὲ λοξούς, μηδὲ τροπικῶν τε καὶ ἰσημερινοῦ καὶ ζωδιακοῦ θέσιν, διʼ οὗ φερόμενος ὁ ἥλιος τρέπεται καὶ διδάσκει διαφορὰς κλιμάτων τε καὶ ἀνέμων.
Yet indeed, the reader of this writing must not be so simple-minded and lazy as not even to have seen a sphere, nor the circles on it—some parallel, others perpendicular to these, others oblique—nor the position of the tropics, the equator, and the zodiac, through which the sun, as it moves, turns and teaches the differences of climates and winds.
ταῦτα γὰρ καὶ τὰ περὶ τοὺς ὁρίζοντας καὶ τοὺς ἀρκτικοὺς καὶ ὅσα ἄλλα κατὰ τὴν πρώτην ἀγωγὴν τὴν εἰς τὰ μαθήματα παραδίδοται κατανοήσας τις ἄλλως πως δύναται παρακολουθεῖν τοῖς λεγομένοις ἐνταῦθα.
For only when someone has understood these things, as well as the facts about horizons and arctic circles and all other things taught in the elementary introduction to mathematics, can he in some other way follow what is said here.
ὁ δὲ μηδʼ εὐθεῖαν γραμμὴν ἢ περιφερῆ μηδὲ κύκλον εἰδώς, μηδὲ σφαιρικὴν ἐπιφάνειαν ἢ ἐπίπεδον, μηδʼ ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ μηδὲ τοὺς ἑπτὰ τῆς μεγάλης ἄρκτου ἀστέρας καταμαθὼν μηδʼ ἄλλο τι τῶν τοιούτων μηδέν, ἢ οὐκ ἂν δέοιτο τῆς πραγματείας ταύτης ἢ οὐχὶ νῦν, ἀλλʼ ἐκείνοις ἐντυχὼν πρότερον, ὧν χωρὶς οὐκ ἂν εἴη γεωγραφίας οἰκεῖος.
And he who does not even know a straight line or a curve, nor a circle, nor a spherical or flat surface, nor has observed in the sky even the seven stars of the Great Bear, nor any other such thing, either would have no need of this treatise, or at least not now, until he has first encountered those things without which he could not be suited for geography.
οὕτως δὲ καὶ οἱ τοὺς λιμένας καὶ τοὺς περίπλους καλουμένους πραγματευθέντες ἀτελῆ τὴν ἐπίσκεψιν ποιοῦνται, μὴ προστιθέντες ὅσα ἐκ τῶν μαθημάτων καὶ ἐκ τῶν οὐρανίων συνάπτειν προσῆκεν.
And in this way also, those who have treated of harbors and the so-called "coastal voyages" make their investigation incomplete, because they do not add those things which it was fitting to connect from mathematics and astronomy.
§1.1.22̔απλῶς δὲ κοινὸν εἶναι τὸ σύγγραμμα τοῦτο δεῖ καὶ πολιτικὸν καὶ δημωφελὲς ὁμοίως ὥσπερ τὴν τῆς ἱστορίας γραφήν.
In short, this treatise must be of general interest, useful for statesmen, and beneficial to the public, just like the writing of history.
κἀκεῖ δὲ πολιτικὸν λέγομεν οὐχὶ τὸν παντάπασιν ἀπαίδευτον, ἀλλὰ τὸν μετασχόντα τῆς τε ἐγκυκλίου καὶ συνήθους ἀγωγῆς τοῖς ἐλευθέροις καὶ τοῖς φιλοσοφοῦσιν· οὐδὲ γὰρ ἂν οὔτε ψέγειν δύναιτο καλῶς οὔτʼ ἐπαινεῖν, οὐδὲ κρίνειν ὅσα μνήμης ἄξια τῶν γεγονότων, ὅτῳ μηδὲν ἐμέλησεν ἀρετῆς καὶ φρονήσεως καὶ τῶν εἰς ταῦτα λόγων.
And there too, by "statesman" we mean not the altogether uneducated person, but one who has shared in the general and customary education of free men and of those who study philosophy; for neither could anyone properly blame nor praise, nor judge which of the past events are worthy of memory, if he has cared nothing for virtue and wisdom and the discourses on these things.
§1.1.23διόπερ ἡμεῖς πεποιηκότες ὑπομνήματα ἱστορικὰ χρήσιμα, ὡς ὑπολαμβάνομεν, εἰς τὴν ἠθικὴν καὶ πολιτικὴν φιλοσοφίαν, ἔγνωμεν προσθεῖναι καὶ τήνδε τὴν σύνταξιν· ὁμοειδὴς γὰρ καὶ αὕτη, καὶ πρὸς τοὺς αὐτοὺς ἄνδρας, καὶ μάλιστα τοὺς ἐν ταῖς ὑπεροχαῖς.
Therefore, since we have composed Historical Memoirs which are useful, as we believe, for ethical and political philosophy, we have resolved to add this treatise also; for this work too is of the same character, and is addressed to the same men, and especially to those in high positions.
ἔτι δὲ τὸν αὐτὸν τρόπον, ὅνπερ ἐκεῖ τὰ περὶ τοὺς ἐπιφανεῖς ἄνδρας καὶ βίους τυγχάνει μνήμης, τὰ δὲ μικρὰ καὶ ἄδοξα παραλείπεται, κἀνταῦθα δεῖ τὰ μικρὰ καὶ τὰ ἀφανῆ παραπέμπειν, ἐν δὲ τοῖς ἐνδόξοις καὶ μεγάλοις καὶ ἐν οἷς τὸ πραγματικὸν καὶ εὐμνημόνευτον καὶ ἡδὺ διατρίβειν.
Furthermore, in the same way as in that work the details concerning illustrious men and lives receive mention, while the small and obscure are passed over, so here too we must let go of the small and inconspicuous, but dwell on things that are famous and great, and on those in which what is useful, memorable, and pleasant resides.
καθάπερ τε καὶ ἐν τοῖς κολοσσικοῖς ἔργοις οὐ τὸ καθʼ ἕκαστον ἀκριβὲς ζητοῦμεν, ἀλλὰ τοῖς καθόλου προσέχομεν μᾶλλον εἰ καλῶς τὸ ὅλον, οὕτως κἀν τούτοις δεῖ ποιεῖσθαι τὴν κρίσιν.
And just as in colossal works of art we do not look for precision in every detail, but rather pay attention to the general outlines to see if the whole is well made, so too in these matters must we make our judgment.
κολοσσουργία γάρ τις καὶ αὕτη, τὰ μεγάλα φράζουσα πῶς ἔχει καὶ τὰ ὅλα, πλὴν εἴ τι κινεῖν δύναται καὶ τῶν μικρῶν τὸν φιλειδήμονα καὶ τὸν πραγματικόν.
For this work too is a sort of colossal creation, describing how great things and the whole are situated, except if some of the small details can also move the lover of knowledge and the man of action.
ὅτι μὲν οὖν σπουδαῖον τὸ προκείμενον ἔργον καὶ φιλοσόφῳ πρέπον, ταῦτα εἰρήσθω.
Therefore, let this much be said to show that the proposed task is serious and worthy of a philosopher.