§6.14Ὅσοις αἱ ἐπωμίδες ἐξηρθρωμέναι καὶ οἱ ὧμοι, εὔρωστοι τὰς ψυχάς· ἀναφέρεται ἐπὶ τὸ ἄρρεν.
Those whose shoulder-joints and shoulders are well-jointed are vigorous in their souls; this is referred to the male.
Ὅσοις δὲ οἱ ὦμοι ἀσθενεῖς, ἄναρθροι, μαλακοὶ τὰς ψυχάς· ἀναφέρεται ἐπὶ τὸ θῆλυ.
Those whose shoulders are weak and ill-jointed are soft in their souls; this is referred to the female.
Ταὐτὰ λέγω ἅπερ περὶποδῶν καὶ μηρῶν.
I say the same things as I did concerning the feet and thighs.
§6.15Ὅσοις ὦμοι εὔλυτοί εἰσιν, ἐλεύθεροι τὰς ψυχάς· ἀναφέρεται δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ φαινομένου, ὅτι πρέπει τῇ φαινομένῃ μορφῇ ἐλευθεριότης.
Those whose shoulders are loose-jointed are noble in their souls; this is referred to appearance, because nobility is appropriate to the visible form.
Ὅσοις δὲ οἱ ὦμοι δύσλυτοι συνεσπασμένοι, ἀνελεύθεροι· ἀναφέρεται ἐπὶ τὴν ἐπιπρέπειαν.
Those whose shoulders are stiff and contracted are ignoble; this is referred to appearance.
§6.16Οἷς τὰ περὶ τὰς κλεῖδας εὔλυτα, αἰσθητικοί· εὐλύτων γὰρ ὄντων τῶν περὶ τὰς κλεῖδας εὐκόλως τὴν κίνησιν τῶν αἰσθήσεων δέχονται.
Those for whom the parts about the collarbones are flexible are sensitive; for when the parts about the collarbones are flexible, they easily receive the movement of the senses.
Οἷς δὲ τὰ περὶ τὰς κλεῖδαςσυμπεφραγμένα ἐστίν, ἀναίσθητοι· δυσλύτων γὰρ ὄντων τῶν περὶ τὰς κλεῖδας ἐξαδυνατοῦσι τὴν κίνησιν παραδέχεσθαι τῶν αἰσθήσεων.
Those for whom the parts about the collarbones are congested are insensitive; for when the parts about the collarbones are stiff, they are unable to receive the movement of the senses.
Ὅσοι τὸν τράχηλον παχὺν ἔχουσιν, εὔρωστοι τὰς ψυχάς· §6.17ἀναφέρεται ἐπὶ τὸ ἄρρεν.
Those who have a thick neck are vigorous in their souls; this is referred to the male.
Ὅσοι δὲ λεπτόν, ἀσθενεῖς· ἀναφέρεται ἐπὶ τὸ θῆλυ.
Those who have a thin neck are weak; this is referred to the female.
Οἷς τράχηλος παχὺς καὶπλέως, θυμοειδεῖς· ἀναφέρεται ἐπὶ τοὺς θυμοειδεῖς ταύρους.
Those for whom the neck is thick and full are passionate; this is referred to passionate bulls.
Οἷς δὲ εὐμεγέθης μὴ ἄγαν παχύς, μεγαλόψυχοι· ἀναφέρεται ἐπὶ τοὺς λέοντας.
Those for whom it is large but not excessively thick are magnanimous; this is referred to lions.
Οἷς λεπτὸς μακρός, δειλοί· ἀναφέρεται ἐπὶ τοὺς ἐλάφους.
Those for whom it is thin and long are cowardly; this is referred to deer.
Οἷς δὲ βραχὺς ἄγαν, ἐπίβουλοι· ἀναφέρεται ἐπὶ τοὺς λύκους.
Those for whom it is excessively short are insidious; this is referred to wolves.
§6.18Οἷς τὰ χείλη λεπτὰ καὶ ἐπ’ ἄκραις ταῖς συγχειλίαις χαλαρά, ὡς ἐπὶ τοῦ ἄνω χείλους πρὸς τὸ κάτω ἐπιβεβλῆσθαι τὸ πρὸς τὰς συγχειλίας, μεγαλόψυχοι· ἀναφέρεται ἐπὶ τούς λέοντας.
Those whose lips are thin and loose at the corners, so that the part of the upper lip near the corners overlaps the lower lip, are magnanimous; this is referred to lions.
Ἴδοι δ' ἄν τις τοῦτο καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν μεγάλων καὶ εὐρώστων κυνῶν,
One might see this also in large and strong dogs.
§6.19Οἷς τὰ χείλη λεπτὰ σκληρά, κατὰ τοὺς κυνόδοντας τὸ ἐπανεστηκός, οἱ οὕτως ἔχοντες εὐγενεῖς· ἀναφέρεται ἐπὶ τοὺς ὗς.
Those whose lips are thin and hard, with the part near the canine teeth turned up, are noble; this is referred to swine.
Οἱ δὲ τὰ χείλη ἔχοντες παχέα καὶ τὸ ἄνω τοῦ κάτω προκρεμώμενον μωροί· ἀναφέρεται ἐπὶ τοὺς ὄνους τε καὶ πιθήκους.
Those who have thick lips, with the upper lip hanging over the lower, are foolish; this is referred to asses and apes.
Ὅσοι δὲ τὸ ἄνω χεῖλος καὶ τὼ οὖλα προεστηκότα ἔχουσι, φιλολοίδοροι· ἀναφέρεται ἐπὶ τοὺς κύνας.
Those who have the upper lip and the gums protruding are fond of slandering; this is referred to dogs.
§6.20Οἱ δὲ τὴν ῥῖνα ἄκραν παχεῖαν ἔχοντες ῥάθυμοι· ἀναφέρεται ἐπὶ τοὺς βοῦς.
Those who have the tip of the nose thick are sluggish; this is referred to oxen.
Οἱ δὲ τὴν ῥῖνα ἀκρόθεν παχεῖαν ἔχοντες ἀναίσθητοι· ἀναφέρεται ἐπὶ τοὺς ὗς.
Those who have the nose thick starting from the tip are insensitive; this is referred to swine.
Οἱ τὴν ῥῖνα ἄκραν ὀξεῖαν ἔχοντες δυσόργητοι· ἀναφέρεται ἐπὶ τοὺς κύνας.
Those who have the tip of the nose sharp are quick-tempered; this is referred to dogs.
Οἱ δὲ τὴν ῥῖνα περιφερῆ ἔχοντες ἄκραν, ἀμβλεῖαν δέ, μεγαλόψυχοι· ἀναφέρεται ἐπὶ τοὺς λέοντας.
Those who have the tip of the nose rounded but blunt are magnanimous; this is referred to lions.
§6.21Οἱ δὲ τὴν ῥῖνα ἄκραν λεπτὴν ἔχοντες ὀρνιθώδεις.
Those who have the tip of the nose thin are bird-like.
Οἱ ἐπίγρυπον ἀπὸ τοῦ μετώπου εὐθὺς ἀγομένην ἀναιδεῖς· ἀναφέρεται ἐπὶ τοὺς κόρακας.
Those who have a hook-nose starting straight from the forehead are shameless; this is referred to crows.
Οἱ δὲ γρυπὴν ἔχοντες καὶ τοῦ μετώπου διηρθρωμένην μεγαλόψυχοι· ἀναφέρεται ἐπὶ τοὺς ἀετούς.
Those who have a hook-nose and well-distinguished from the forehead are magnanimous; this is referred to eagles.
§6.22Οἱ δὲ τὴν ῥῖνα ἔγκοιλον ἔχοντες τὰ πρὸ τοῦ μετώπου περιφερῆ, τὴν δὲ περιφέρειαν ἄνω ἀνεστηκυῖαν, λάγνοι· ἀναφέρεται ἐπὶ τοὺς ἀλεκτρυόνας.
Those who have a hollow nose, with the parts before the forehead rounded, and the roundness turned upward, are lustful; this is referred to cocks.
Οἱ δὲ σιμὴν ἔχοντες λάγνοι· ἀναφέρεται ἐπὶ τοὺς ἐλάφους.
Those who have a snub nose are lustful; this is referred to deer.
Οἶς δὲ οἱ μυκτῆρες ἀναπεπταμένοι, θυμώδεις· ἀναφέρεται ἐπὶ τὸ πάθος τὸ ἐν τῷ θυμῷγινόμενον.
Those whose nostrils are flared are passionate; this is referred to the state that occurs in anger.
§6.23Οἱ τὸ πρόσωπον σαρκῶδες ἔχοντες ῥάθυμοι· ἀναφέρεται ἐπὶ τοὺς βοῦς.
Those who have a fleshy face are sluggish; this is referred to oxen.
Οἱ τὰ πρόσωπα ἰσχνὰ ἔχοντες ἐπιμελεῖς, οἱ δὲσαρκώδη δειλοί· ἀναφέρεται ἐπὶ τοὺς ὄνους καὶ τὰς ἐλάφους.
Those who have thin faces are diligent, and those who have fleshy ones are cowardly; this is referred to asses and deer.
Οἱ μικρὰ τὰ πρόσωπα ἔχοντες μικρόψυχοι· ἀναφέρεται ἐπὶ αἴλουρον καὶ πίθηκον.
Those who have small faces are small-minded; this is referred to cats and apes.
Οἷς τὰ πρόσωπα μεγάλα, νωθροί· ἀναφέρεται ἐπὶ τοὺς ὄνους καὶ βοῦς.
Those who have large faces are sluggish; this is referred to asses and oxen.
§6.24Ἐπεὶ δὲ οὔτε μικρὸν οὕτε μέγα δεῖ εἶναι, ἡ μέση ἔξις εἴη ἂν τούτων ἐπιεικής.
Since it ought to be neither small nor large, the middle state of these would be moderate.
Οἶς δὲ τὸ πρόσωπον φαίνεται μικροπρεπές, ἀνελεύθεροι· ἀναφέρεται ἐπὶ τὴν ἐπιπρέπειαν.
Those whose faces appear mean are ignoble; this is referred to appearance.
§6.25Οἷς τὸ ἀπὸ τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν οἶον κύστιδες προκρέμανται, οἶνόφλυγες. Ἀναφέρεται ἐπὶ τὸ πάθος· ἔστι γὰρ τοῖς σφόδρα ἐμπεπτωκόσι τὰ πρὸ τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν οἷον κύστιδες.
Those for whom bag-like things hang from the eyes are wine-bibbers; this is referred to the state, for those who are heavily intoxicated have bag-like things in front of their eyes.
Ἐφεστήκασι, φίλυπνοι· ἀναφέρεται ἐπὶ τὸ πάθος, ὅτι τοῖς ἐξ ὕπνου ἀνεστηκόσιν ἐπικρέμαται τὰ ἐπὶ τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς.
Those for whom they stand over the eyes are fond of sleep; this is referred to the state, because for those who have just risen from sleep, the parts over the eyes hang down.