§3.1Ἀνδρείου σημεῖα τρίχωμα σκληρόν, τὸ σχῆμα τοῦ σώματος ὀρθόν, ὀστᾶ καὶ πλευραὶ καὶ τὰ ἀκρωτήρια τοῦ σώματος ἰσχυρὰ καὶ μεγάλα, καὶ κοιλία πλατεῖα καὶ προσεσταλμένη· ὠμοπλάται πλατεῖαι καὶ διεστηκυῖαι, οὔτε λίαν συνδεδεμέναι οὔτε παντάπασιν ἀπολελυμέναι· τράχηλος ἐρρωμένος, οὐ σφόδρα σαρκώδης· τὸ στῆθος σαρκῶδές τε καὶ πλατύ, ἰσχίον προσεσταλμένον, γαστροκνημίαι κάτω προσεσπασμέναι· ὄμμα χαροπόν, οὔτε λίαν ἀνεπτυγμένον οὔτε παντάπασι συμμύον· αύχμηρότερον τὸ χρῶμα τὸ ἐπὶ τοῦ σώματος· ὀξὺ μέτωπον, εὐθύ, οὐ μέγα, ἰσχνόν, οὔτε λεῖον οὔτε παντάπασι ῥυτιδῶδες.
The signs of a brave man are: coarse hair; an erect posture of the body; strong and large bones, ribs, and extremities of the body; a broad and drawn-in belly; broad and separate shoulder-blades, neither too closely knit nor completely loose; a strong neck, not overly fleshy; a fleshy and broad chest; a drawn-in hip; calves drawn down below; a bright eye, neither too wide open nor completely closed; a rather dry complexion of the body; a sharp, straight, not large, thin forehead, neither smooth nor altogether wrinkled.
§3.2Δειλοῦ σημεῖα τριχωμάτιον μαλακόν, τὸ σῶμα συγκεκαθικός, οὐκ ἐπισπερχής· αἱ δὲ γαστροκνημίαι ἄνω ἀνεσπασμέναι· περὶ τὸ πρόσωπον ὕπωχρος· ὄμματα ἀσθενῆ καὶ σκαρδαμύττοντα, καὶ τὰ ἀκρωτήρια τοῦ σώματος ἀσθενῆ, καὶ μικρὰ σκέλη, καὶ χεῖρες λεπταὶ καὶ μακραί· ὀσφὺς δὲ μικρὰ καὶ ἀσθενής· τὸ σχῆμα σύντονον ἐν ταῖς κινήσεσιν· οὐκ ἰταμὸς ἀλλ’ ὕπτιος καὶ τεθαμβηκώς· τὸ ἦθος τὸ ἐπὶ τοῦ προσώπου εὐμετάβολον,κατηφής.
The signs of a coward are: soft hair; a cowering, not active body; calves drawn upwards; a pale complexion about the face; weak and blinking eyes; weak extremities of the body; small legs; thin and long hands; a small and weak loin; a tense posture in movements; not bold but supine and astonished; a changeable character on the face, downcast.
§3.3Εὐφυοῦς σημεῖα σὰρξ ὑγροτέρα καὶ ἁπαλωτέρα, οὐκ εὐεκτικὴ οὐδὲ πιμελώδης σφόδρα· τὰ περὶ τὰς ὠμοπλάτας καὶ τράχηλον ἰσχνότερα, καὶ τὰ περὶ τὸ πρόσωπον, καὶ σύνδετα τὰ περὶ τὰς ὠμοπλάτας, καὶ τὰ κάτω ἀφειμένα· εὔλυτα τὰ περὶ τὰς πλευράς· καὶ τὸν νῶτον ἀσαρκότερος· τὸ σῶμα λευκέρυθρον καὶ καθαρόν· τὸ δερμάτιον λεπτόν, τριχωμάτιονμὴ λίαν σκληρὸν μηδὲ λίαν μέλαν, ὄμμα χαροπόν, ὑγρόν.
The signs of a man of good natural parts are: a rather moist and soft flesh, not overly robust nor excessively fat; rather thin parts about the shoulder-blades, neck, and face; the parts about the shoulder-blades knit together and loose below; flexible parts about the ribs; rather fleshless on the back; a clean body, white and red; thin skin; hair not too coarse nor too black; a bright, moist eye.
§3.4Ἀναισθήτου σημεῖα τὰ περὶ τὸν αὐχένα καὶ τὰ σκέλη σαρκώδη καὶ συμπεπλεγμένα καὶ συνδεδεμένα, κοτύλη στρογγύλη, ὠμοπλάται ἄνω ἀνεσπασμέναι, μέτωπον μέγα περιφερὲς σαρκῶδες, ὄμμα χλωρὸν κωφόν, κνῆμαι περὶ σφυρὸν παχεῖαι σαρκώδεις στρογγύλαι, σιαγόνες μεγάλαι σαρκώδεις, ὀσφὺς σαρκώδης, σκέλη μακρά, τράχηλος παχύς, πρόσωπον σαρκῶδες, ὑπόμακρον ἱκανῶς.
The signs of a dull-witted man are: the parts about the neck and legs being fleshy, complexly intertwined, and knit together; a round hip-joint; shoulder-blades drawn upwards; a large, round, fleshy forehead; a dull, vacant eye; thick, fleshy, round shins about the ankle; large, fleshy jaws; a fleshy loin; long legs; a thick neck; a quite longish, fleshy face.
Τὰς δὲ κινήσεις καὶ τὸ σχῆμα καὶ τὸ ἦθος τὸ ἐπὶ τοῦ προσώπου ἐπιφαινόμενον κατὰ τὰς ὁμοιότητας ἀναλαμβάνει.
As for movements, posture, and the character appearing on the face, he takes them according to similarities.
§3.5Ἀναιδοῦς σημεῖα ὀμμάτιον ἀνεπτυγμένον καὶ λαμπρόν, βλέφαρα ὕφαιμα καὶ παχέα· μικρὸν ἔγκυρτος· ὠμοπλάται ἄνω ἐπῃρμέναι· τῷ σχήματι μὴ ὀρθὸς ἀλλὰ μικρῷ προπετέστερος, ἐν ταῖς κινήσεσιν ὀξύς, ἐπίπυρρος τὸ σῶμα· τὸ χρῶμα ὕφαιμον· στρογγυλοπρόσωπος· τὸ στῆθος ἀνεσπασμένον.
The signs of a shameless man are: a wide open and bright eye; bloodshot and thick eyelids; slightly bent; shoulder-blades raised upwards; not erect in posture but slightly leaning forward; quick in movements; a reddish body; a bloodshot complexion; round-faced; a drawn-up chest.
Κοσμίου σημεῖα.
The signs of an orderly man.
§3.6Ἐν ταῖς κινήσεσι βραδύς, καὶ διάλεκτος βραδεῖα καὶ φωνὴ πνευματώδης καὶ ἀσμενής, ὀμμάτιον ἀλαμπὲς μέλαν καὶ μήτε λίαν ἀνεπτυγμένον μήτε παντάπασι συμμεμυκός, σκαρδαμυκτικὸν βραδέως· τὰ μὲν γὰρ ταχέως σκαρδαμύττοντα τῶν ὀμμάτων τὰ μὲν δειλὸν τὰ δὲ θερμὸν σημαίνει.
slow in movements, slow in speech, a breathy and pleasant voice; a lusterless black eye, neither too wide open nor completely closed, blinking slowly; for those of the eyes that blink rapidly signify, some cowardice, and others a hot temperament.
§3.7Εὐθύμου σημεῖα μέτωπον εὐμέγεθες καὶ σαρκῶδες καὶ λεῖον, τὰ περὶ τὰ ὄμματα ταπεινότερα.
The signs of a cheerful man are: a fairly large, fleshy, and smooth forehead; the parts about the eyes rather low.
Καὶ ὑπνωδέστερον τὸ πρόσωπον φαίνεται, μήτε δεδορκὸς μὴτε σύννουν.
And the face appears rather sleepy, neither staring nor contemplative.
Ἔν τε ταῖς κινήσεσι βραδὺς ἔστω καὶ ἀνειμένος· τῷ σχήματι καὶ τῷ ἤθει τῷ ἐπὶ τοῦ προσώπου μὴ ἐπισπερχὴς ἀλλὰ ἀγαθὸς φαινέσθω.
In his movements let him be slow and relaxed; in posture and character appearing on the face, let him not seem hasty but good-natured.
§3.8Ἀθύμου σημεῖα. Τὰ ῥυτιδώδη τῶν προσώπων καὶ ἰσχνὰ ὄμματα κατακεκλασμένα, ἅμα δὲ καὶ τὰ κεκλασμένα τῶν ὀμμάτων, δύο σημαίνει, τὸ μὲν μαλακὸν καὶ θῆλυ, τὸ δὲ κατηφὲς καὶ ἄθυμον.
The signs of a dejected man: wrinkled parts of the face, and weak downcast eyes; at the same time, the downcast look of the eyes signifies two things: one, softness and effeminacy, the other, a downcast and dejected spirit.
Ἐν τῷ σχήματι ταπεινὸς καὶ ταῖς κινήσεσιν ἀπηγορευκώς.
In posture humble, and in movements exhausted.
§3.9Κιναίδου σημεῖα ὄμμα κατακεκλασμένον, γονύκροτος· ἐγκλίσεις τῆς κεφαλῆς εἰς τὰ δεξιά· αἱ φοραὶ τῶν χειρῶν ὕπτιαι καὶ ἔκλυτοι, καὶ βαδίσεις διτταί, ἡ μὲν περινεύοντος, ἡ δὲ κρατοῦντος τὴν ὀσφύν· καὶ τῶν ὀμμάτων περιβλέψεις, οἷος ἂν εἴη Διονύσιος ὁ σοφιστής.
The signs of a catamite are: a downcast eye; knocking knees; inclinations of the head to the right; the movements of the hands upturned and loose; and two ways of walking, one turning about, and the other holding the loin; and casting glances around, such as Dionysius the Sophist might be.
§3.10Πικροῦ σημεῖα τὸ πρόσωπον σεσηρός· μελανόχρως, ἰσχνός· τὰ περὶ τὸ πρόσωπον διεξυσμένα, τὸ πρόσωπον ῥυτιδώδες ἄσαρκον· εὐθύθριξ καὶ μελάνθριξ.
The signs of a bitter man are: a grinning face; dark-complexioned, thin; the parts about the face worn away; the face wrinkled and fleshless; straight-haired and black-haired.
§3.11Θυμώδους σημεῖα. Ὀρθὸς τὸ σῶμα, τῷ σχήματι εὔπλευρος, εὔθυμος, ἐπίπυρρος· ὠμοπλάται διεστηκυῖαι καὶ μεγάλαι καὶ πλατεῖαι· ἀκρωτήρια μεγάλα καὶ ἐγκρατῆ· λεῖος καὶ περὶ τὰ στήθη καὶ περὶ βουβῶνας, εὐπώγων· εὐαυξὴς ὁ περίδρομος τῶν τριχῶν, κάτω κατεληλυθώς.
The signs of an angry man: erect in body; well-proportioned in posture; cheerful, reddish; shoulder-blades separate, large, and broad; extremities large and strong; smooth about both the chest and the groin; well-bearded; a well-grown hairline, coming down low.
§3.12Πραέος σημεῖα. Ἰσχυρὸς τὸ εἶδος, εὔσαρκος· ὑγρὰ σὰρξ καὶ πολλή· εὐμεγέθης καὶ σύμμετρος· ὕπτιος τῷ σχήματι· ὁ περίδρομος τῶν τριχῶν ἀνεσπασμένος.
The signs of a gentle man: strong in appearance, fleshy; moist and abundant flesh; large and well-proportioned; supine in posture; the hairline drawn upwards.
Εἴρωνος σημεῖα πίονα τὰ περὶ τὸ πρόσωπον, καὶ τὰ περὶ τὰ ὄμματα ῥυτιδώδη· ὑπνῶδες τὸ πρόσωπον τῷ ἤθεῖ φαίνεται.
The signs of an ironical man: fat parts about the face, and wrinkled parts about the eyes; the face appears sleepy in character.
§3.13Μικροψύχου σημεῖα. Μικρομελής, μικρογλάφυρος,ἰσχνός, μικρόμματος καὶ μικροπρόσωπος, οἷος ἂν εἴη Κορίνθιος ἢ Λευκάδιος, Φιλόκυβοι γαλεαγκῶνες καὶ ὀρχησταί.
The signs of a small-minded man: small-limbed, small-featured, thin, small-eyed and small-faced, such as a Corinthian or Leucadian might be. Dice-lovers, weasel-armed, and dancers.
Φιλολοίδοροι οἷς τὸ ἄνω χεῖλος μετέωρον· καὶ τὰ εἴδη προπετεῖς, ἐπίπυρροι.
Railers are those whose upper lip is raised; and their appearances are prominent, reddish.
§3.14Ἐλεήμονες ὅσοι γλαφυροὶ καὶ λευκόχροοι καὶ λιπαρόμματοι καὶ τὰ ῥινία ἄνωθεν διεξυσμένοι, καὶ ἀεὶ δακρύουσιν.
Merciful are those who are delicate, white-skinned, moist-eyed, and have their noses worn away at the top, and are always weeping.
Οἱ αὐτοὶ οὗτοι καὶ φιλογύναιοι καὶ θηλυγόνοι καὶ περὶ τὰ ἤθη ἐρωτικοὶ καὶ ἀειμνήμονες καὶ εὐφυεῖς καὶ ἕνθερμοι.
These same men are also fond of women, producers of female offspring, amorous in character, mindful, clever, and hot-tempered.
Τούτων δὲ σημεῖα εἴρηται.
And the signs of these have been stated.
Ἐλεήμων ὁ σοφὸς καὶ δειλὸς καὶ κόσμιος, ἀνελέητος ἀμαθὴς καὶ ἀναιδής.
The wise, the cowardly, and the orderly man are merciful, whereas the ignorant and the shameless are unmerciful.
§3.15Ἀγαθοὶ φαγεῖν οἷς τὸ ἀπὸ τοῦ ὀμφαλοῦ πρὸς στῆθος μεῖζόν ἐστιν ἢ τὸ ἐντεῦθεν πρὸς τὸν αὐχένα.
Good at eating are those for whom the distance from the navel to the chest is greater than that from there to the neck.
Λάγνου σημεῖα. Λευκόχρως καὶ δασὺς εὐθείαις θριξὶ καὶ παχείαις καὶ μελαίναις· καὶ οἱ κρόταφοι δασεῖς εὐθείαις θριξί· λιπαρὸν τὸ ὀμμάτιον καὶ μάργον.
The signs of a lustful man: white-complexioned, hairy with straight, thick, and black hair; and the temples hairy with straight hair; a moist and greedy eye.
§3.16Φίλυπνοι οἱ τὰ ἄνω μείζω ἔχοντες καὶ γυπώδεις καὶ θερμοί, εὐεκτικὴν σάρκα ἔχοντες, καὶ γλαφυροὶ τὰ εἴδη, καὶ δασεῖς τὰ περὶ τὴν κοιλίαν.
Sleepy are those who have the upper parts larger, are vulture-like and hot, having robust flesh, delicate in appearances, and hairy about the belly.
Μνήμονες οἱ τὰ ἄνω ἐλάττονα ἔχοντες καὶ γλαφυρὰ καὶ σαρκωδέστερα.
Mindful are those who have the upper parts smaller, delicate, and fleshier.