Humanitext Reader

Aristotle · Great Ethics §2.1.1

The Nature of Equity and the Equitable Person

Passage 43 of 71 · Greek

Summary

On the nature of equity (epieikeia) and the definition of the equitable man, arguing that the equitable man is one who yields his legal rights to supplement the shortcomings of the law when it only speaks in general terms.

§2.1.1μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα ὑπὲρ ἐπιεικείας δέοι ἂν τὴν ἐπίσκεψιν ποιήσασθαι, τί τέ ἐστι καὶ ἐν τίσι καὶ περὶ ποῖα.
After this, it would be necessary to make an inquiry concerning equity, both what it is, in what circumstances, and about what sort of things it is concerned.
ἔστιν δὲ ἡ ἐπιείκεια καὶ ὁ ἐπιεικὴς ὁ ἐλαττωτικὸς τῶν δικαίων τῶν κατὰ νόμον.
And equity and the equitable man are characterized by taking less than what is legally just.
ἃ γὰρ ὁ νομοθέτης ἐξαδυνατεῖ καθʼ ἕκαστα ἀκριβῶς διορίζειν, ἀλλὰ καθόλου λέγει, ὁ ἐν τούτοις παραχωρῶν, καὶ ταῦθʼ αἱρούμενος ἂ ὁ νομοθέτης ἐβούλετο μὲν τῷ καθʼ ἕκαστα διορίσαι, οὐκ ἠδυνήθη δέ, ὁ τοιοῦτος ἐπιεικής.
For in those matters which the lawgiver is unable to define precisely in individual cases, but speaks only in general terms, the one who yields in these matters, and chooses those very things which the lawgiver indeed wished to define in individual cases but was unable to do so, such a person is equitable.
οὐκ ἕστιν δὲ ἐλαττωτικὸς τῶν δικαίων ἁπλῶς· τῶν μὲν γὰρ φύσει καὶ ὡς ἀληθῶς ὄντων δικαίων οὐκ ἐλαττοῦται, ἀλλὰ τῶν κτὰ νόμον, ἃ ὁ νομοθέτης ἐξαδυνατῶν ἀπέλιπεν.
But he is not one who takes less than what is just absolutely; for he does not take less than what is naturally and truly just, but less than what is legally just, which the lawgiver, being unable to define, left out.

Notes

  1. §2.1.1δέοι ἂν — Potential optative with ἄν, expressing a mild obligation or a polite proposal ('it would be necessary to...').
  2. ¦25¦τῶν δικαίων τῶν κατὰ νόμον — Objective genitive dependent on the adjective ἐλαττωτικός ('disposed to take less'). Here, the phrase refers to 'legal rights' or 'what is legally just' rather than abstract justice.
  3. ¦30¦ὁ ἐν τούτοις παραχωρῶν... ὁ τοιοῦτος ἐπιεικής — A complex sentence structure where the demonstrative phrase ὁ τοιοῦτος ('such a person') summarizes the preceding substantivized participles (ὁ ... παραχωρῶν and αἱρούμενος) which act as the compound subject.

Cite this passage

Aristotle, Great Ethics §2.1.1. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0086.tlg022.humanitext-grc1:2.1.1

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