§23XXIII. τότε μὲν οὖν μέχρι τοῦτου προῆλθεν ἡ πόλις ἃμα τῇ δημοκρατίᾳ κατὰ μικρὸν αὐξανομένη·
XXIII. Up to this time, then, the city progressed, growing gradually along with the democracy.
μετὰ δὲ τὰ Μηδικὰ πάλιν ἲσχυσεν ἡ ἐν Ἀρείῳ πάγῳ βουλὴ καὶ δῴκει τὴν πόλιν, οὐδενὶ δόγματι λαβοῦσα τὴν ἡγεμονίαν ἀλλὰ διὰ τὸ γενέσθαι τῆς περὶ Σαλαμῖνα ναυμαχίας αἰτία.
But after the Persian Wars, the Council of Areopagus became powerful again and administered the city, having taken the leadership not by any decree, but because it had been the cause of the naval battle at Salamis.
τῶν γὰρ στρατηγῶν ἐξαπορησάντων τοῖς πράγμασι καὶ κηρυξάντων σῴ[ζ]ειν εκαστον ἑαυτόν, πορίσασα δραχυὰς ἑκάστῳ ὀκτὼ διέδωκε καὶ ἐνεβίβασεν εἰς τὰς ναῦς.
For when the generals were at a loss in the situation and had made a proclamation for each to save himself, the Council, having provided eight drachmas to each man, distributed them and got them on board the ships.
διὰ ταύτην δὴ τὴν τἰτίαν παρεχώρουν αὐτῆς τῷ ἀξιώματι, καὶ ἐπολιτεύδθησαν Ἀθηναῖοι καλῶς [καὶ] κατὰ τούτους τοὺς καιρούς.
For this very reason, they yielded to its prestige, and the Athenians were governed well during these times.
γὰρ αὐτοῖοῖς περὶ τὸν χρόνον τοῦτον τά τε εἰς τὸν πόλεμον ἀσκῆσαι καὶ παρὰ τοῖς Ἕλλησιν εὐδοκιμῆσαι καὶ τὴν τῆς δαλάττης ἡγεμονίαν λαβεῖν ἀκόντων Λακεδαιμονίων.
For it happened to them around this time both to practice for war and to gain a high reputation among the Greeks, and to take the leadership of the sea against the will of the Lacedaemonians.
ἦσαν δὲ προστάται τοῦ δήμου κατὰ τούτους τοὺς καιροὺς Ἀρτστείδης ὁ Λυσιμάχου καὶ Θεμιστοκλῆς ὁ Νεοκλέους, ὁ μὲν τὸ πολέμια δοκῶν <ἀσκεῖν>, ὁ δὲ τὰ πολιτικὰ δεινὸς εἶναι καὶ δικαιοσύνῃ τῶν καθ᾿ ἑαυτὸν διαφέρειν· διὸ καὶ ἐχρῶντο τῷ μὲν στρατηγῷ, τῷ δὲ συμβόύλῳ.
The leaders of the people during these times were Aristides, the son of Lysimachus, and Themistocles, the son of Neocles, the latter of whom was skilled in political matters and excelled his contemporaries in justice, while the former seemed to practice military affairs; wherefore they employed the one as general, and the other as counselor.
τὴν μὲν οὖν τῶν τειχῶν ἀνοικοδόμησιν κοινῇ κοινῇ διῴκησαν, καίπερ διαφερόμενοι πρὸς ἀλλήλους, ἐπὶ δὲ τὴν ἀπόστασιν τὴν τῶν Ἰώνων ἀπὸ τῆς τῶν Λακεδαιμονίων συμμαχίας Ἀριστείδης ἦν ὁ προτρέψας, τηρήσας τοὺς Λάκωνας διαβεβλημένους διὰ Παυσανίαν διὸ καὶ τοὺς φόρους οὖτος ἦν ὁ τάξας ταῖς πόλεσιν τοὺς πρώτους ἒτει τρίτῳ μετὰ τὴν ἐν Σαλαμῖνι ναυμαχίαν ἐπὶ Τιμοσθένους ἂρχοντος, καὶ τοὺς ὃρκους ὢμοσεν τοῖς Ἵωσ[ιν] | ὢστε τὸν αὐτὸν ἐχθρὸν εἶναι καὶ φίλον, ἐφ᾿ οἶς καὶ τοὺς μύσρους ἐν τῷ πελάγει εαθεῖσαν.
Now, they administered the rebuilding of the walls in common, although they differed with each other; but as to the secession of the Ionians from the alliance of the Lacedaemonians, it was Aristides who encouraged them, having watched for the Lacedaemonians to be discredited because of Pausanias. Wherefore he was also the one who assessed the first tributes on the cities in the third year after the naval battle at Salamis, in the archonship of Timosthenes; and he swore the oaths to the Ionians, so that they should have the same enemy and friend, in confirmation of which they also let the iron lumps sink into the sea.
§24XXIV. μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα δαρρούσης ἢδη τῆς τόλεως καὶ χρημάτων ἠθροισμένων πολλῶν, συνεβούλευεν ἀντιλαμβάνεσθαι τῆς ἡγεμονίας καὶ καταβάντας ἐκ τῶν ἀγρῶν οἰκεῖν ἐν τῷ ἂστει· τροφὴν γὰρ ἒσεσθαι πᾶσι, τοῖς μὲν στρατευομένοις, τοῖς δὲ δρουροῦσι, τοῖς δὲ τὰ κοινὰ πράττουσι, εἶθ᾿ οὓτων κατασχήσειν τὴν ἡγεμονίαν.
XXIV. After this, when the city was now confident and much wealth had been accumulated, he advised them to lay hold of the leadership and, coming down from the countryside, to dwell in the city; for there would be maintenance for all, for some while on military service, for others as guards, and for others performing public duties, and that they would thus hold onto the leadership.
πεισθέντες δὲ ταῦτα καὶ λαβόντες τὴν ἀρχὴν τοῖς τε συμμάχοις δεσποτικωτέρως ἐχρῶντο πλὴν χίων Ταὶ Λεσβίων καὶ Σαμίων· τούτους δὲ φύλακας εἶχον τῆς ἀρχῆς, ἐωντες τάς τε πολιτείας παρ᾿ αὐτοῖς καὶ ἂρχειν ὦν ἒτυχον ἂρχοντες.
Having been persuaded of these things and having taken the empire, they treated the allies more dictatorially, except for the Chians, Lesbians, and Samians; these they kept as guardians of the empire, allowing them to keep their constitutions and to rule over whatever they happened to be ruling.
κατέστησαν δὲ καὶ τοῖς πολλοῖς εὐπορίαν τροφῆς, ὣστερ Ἀριστείδης εἰσηγήσατο.
And they also established an abundance of maintenance for the multitude, just as Aristides had introduced.
συνβαινεν γὰρ ἀπὸ τῶν φόρων καὶ τῶν τελῶν καὶ τῶν συμμάχων πλείους ἢ δισμυρίους ἂνδρας τρέφεσθαι.
For it resulted that more than twenty thousand men were maintained from the tributes, the taxes, and the allies.
δικασταὶ μὲν γὰρ ἦσαν ἑξακισχίλιοι, τοξόται δ᾿ ἑξακόσιοι καὶ χίλιοι, καὶ πρὸς τούτοις ἱππεῖς χίλιοι καὶ διακόσιοι, βουλὴ δὲ πεντακόσιοι, καὶ φρουροὶ νεωρὶων πεντακόσιοι, καὶ πρὸς τούτοις ἐν τῇ πόλει φρουροὶ νݲ ἀρχαὶ δ᾿ ἒνδημοι μὲν εἰς ἑπτακοσίους ἂνδρας, δ᾿ εἰς † ἑπτακοσίους· πρὸς δὲ τούτοις ἐπεὶ συνεστήσαντο τὸν πόλεμον ὓστερον, ὁπλῖται μὲν δισχίλιοι καὶ πεντακόσιοι, νῆες δὲ φρουρίδες εἲκοσι, ἄλλαι δὲ νῆες αἱ τοὺς φόρους ἂγουσαι τοὺς ἀπὸ τοῦ κυάμου δισχιλίους ἂνδρας, ἒτι δὲ πρυτανεῖον καὶ ὀρφανοὶ καὶ δεσμωτῶν φύλακες· ἃπασι γὰρ τούτοις ἀπὸ τῶν κοινῶν ἡ διοίκησις ἦν.
For there were six thousand judges, sixteen hundred archers, and in addition to these, twelve hundred cavalrymen, a Council of five hundred, five hundred guards of the dockyards, and in addition to these, fifty guards in the city; and domestic offices up to seven hundred men, and foreign ones up to seven hundred; and in addition to these, when they later organized the war, twenty-five hundred hoplites, twenty guard-ships, and other ships which brought the tributes carrying two thousand men selected by lot, and furthermore the prytaneum, orphans, and keepers of prisoners; for the administration for all of these was from the public funds.
§25XXV. ἡ μὲν οὖν τροφὴ τῷ δήμῳ διὰ τούτων ἐγίγωετο.
XXV. In this way, then, the maintenance for the people was provided.
ἒτη δὲ ἑπτακάίδεκα μάλιστα μετὰ τὰ Μηδικὰ διέμεινεν ἡ πολιτεία προεστώτων τῶν Ἀρεοπαγιτῶν, καίπερ ὑποφερομένη κατὰ μικρόν.
For about seventeen years after the Persian Wars, the constitution remained under the leadership of the Areopagites, although it was gradually declining.
αὐξανομένου δὲ τοῦ πλήθους γενόμενος τοῦ δήμου προστάτης Ἐφιάλτης ὁ Σοφωνίδου, | δοκῶν καὶ ἀδωροδόκητος εἶναι καὶ δίκαις πρὸς τὴν πολιτείαν, ἐπέθετο τῇ βουλῇ.
But as the multitude increased, Ephialtes, the son of Sophonides, having become the leader of the people, who was thought to be both incorruptible and just towards the constitution, attacked the Council.
καὶ πρῶντον μὲν ἀνεῖλεν πολλοὺς τῶν Ἀρεοπαγιτῶν, ἀγῶνας ἐπιφέρων περὶ τῶν διῳκημένων· ἒπειτα τῆς βουλῆς ἐπὶ Κόνωνος ἂρχοντος ἃπαντας περιείλε<το> τὰ ἐπίθετα δἰ ὦν ἦν ἡ τῆς πολιτείας φυλακὴ, καὶ τὰ τοῖς τεντακοσίοις τὰ δὲ τῷ δήμῳ καὶ τοῖς δικαστηρίοις ἀπέδωκεν.
And first, he removed many of the Areopagites, bringing them to trial concerning their administration; then, in the archonship of Conon, he stripped the Council of all the added powers through which the guardianship of the constitution existed, and restored some of them to the five hundred, and others to the people and the courts.
ἒπρα[ξ]ε δὲ ταῦτα συναιτίου γενομένου Θεμιστοκλέους, ὃς ἦν μὲν τῶν Ἀρεοπαγιτῶν, ἒμελλε ὃὲ κρίνεσθαι μηδισμοῦ.
And he did these things with the cooperation of Themistocles, who was one of the Areopagites, but was about to be tried for Medism.
βουλόμενος δὲ καταλουῆναι τὴν βουλὴν ὁ Θεμιστοκλῆς πρὸς μὲν τὸν Ἐφιαάλτην ἔλεγεν ὅτι συναρπάζειν αὐτὸν ἡ βουλὴ μέλλει, πρὸς δὲ τοὺς Ἀρεοπαγίτας ὅτι δείδει τινὰς συνισταμένους ἐπὶ καταλύσει τῆς πολιτείας.
And Themistocles, wishing the Council to be dissolved, told Ephialtes that the Council was about to arrest him, and to the Areopagites that he would point out certain persons conspiring for the dissolution of the constitution.
ἀγαγὼν δὲ τοὺς αἱρεθέντας τῆς βουλῆς οὗ διέτριβεν ὁ Ἐφιάλτης, ἵνα δείξῃ τοὺς ἀθροιζομένους, διελέγετο μετὰ σπουδῆς αὐτοῖς.
And leading the chosen members of the Council to where Ephialtes was staying, as if to show them those who were gathering, he conversed with them in earnest.
ὁ δ᾿ Ἐφιάλτης ὡς εἷδεν καταπλαγεὶς καθίζει μονοχίτων ἐπὶ τὸν βωμόν.
And Ephialtes, when he saw this, was terrified and sat on the altar clad only in his tunic.
θαυμασάντων δὲ πάντων τὸ γεγον[ὸς] καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα συναθροισθείσης τῆς βουλῆς τῶν πεντακοσίων κατηγόρους τῶν Ἀρεοπαγιτῶν ὅ τ᾿ Ἐφιάλτης καὶ <ὁ> Θεμιστοκλῆς, καὶ πάλιν ἐν τῷ δήμῳ τὸν αὐτὸν τρόπον, ἕως περιείλοντο αὐτῶν τὴν δύναμιν.
When everyone wondered at what had happened, and after this the Council of five hundred had assembled, both Ephialtes and Themistocles accused the Areopagites, and again in the same manner before the people, until they stripped them of their power.
καί * * * ἀνῃρέθη δὲ και ὁ Ἐφιάλτης δολοφονηθεὶς μετ᾿ οὐ πολὺν χρόνον δἰ Ἀριστοδίκου τοῦ Ταναγραίου.
And... And Ephialtes was also assassinated not long after, being murdered by Aristodicus of Tanagra.