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Dionysius of Halicarnassus · Roman Antiquities §9.57.1-9.57.7

Campaigns of Servilius and Quinctius

Passage 726 of 962 · Greek

Summary

The new Roman consuls Quinctius and Servilius enter office; Servilius easily plunders the Sabine territory, while Quinctius, in a fierce battle before Antium, rallies his struggling forces with a clever lie and his own courageous fighting, successfully driving back the Volscians.

§9.57.1τῷ δʼ ἑξῆς ἔτει Τίτου Κοιντίου Καπετωλίνου καὶ Κοίντου Σερουιλίου Πρίσκου τὴν ὕπατον ἀρχὴν παρειληφότων ἥ τʼ οἰκεία δύναμις Ῥωμαίων ἅπασα ἐν τοῖς ὅπλοις ἦν, καὶ τὰ συμμαχικὰ ἑκούσια παρῆν, πρὶν ἐπαγγελθῆναι αὐτοῖς στρατείαν.
In the following year, when Titus Quinctius Capitolinus and Quintus Servilius Priscus had entered upon the consular office, both the native force of the Romans was entirely under arms, and the allied forces were present voluntarily, before a campaign was announced to them.
καὶ μετὰ τοῦτʼ εὐχάς τε ποιησάμενοι τοῖς θεοῖς οἱ ὕπατοι καὶ καθήραντες τὸν στρατὸν ἐξῄεσαν ἐπὶ τοὺς πολεμίους.
And after this, the consuls, having made vows to the gods and having purified the army, marched out against the enemy.
§9.57.2Σαβῖνοι μὲν οὖν, ἐφʼ οὓς ὁ Σερουίλιος ἤλασεν, οὔτʼ εἰς μάχην κατέστησαν οὔτʼ ἐξῆλθον εἰς τὴν ὕπαιθρον· μένοντες δʼ ἐν τοῖς φρουρίοις ἠνείχοντο γῆς τʼ αὐτοῖς τεμνομένης καὶ οἰκιῶν ἐμπιμπραμένων θεραπείας τʼ αὐτομολούσης· ὥστε κατὰ πολλὴν εὐπέτειαν ἀπελθεῖν ἐκ τῆς χώρας αὐτῶν τοὺς Ῥωμαίους ὠφελείαις τε βαρεῖς καὶ αὐχήμασι λαμπρούς, καὶ ἡ μὲν Σερουιλίου στρατεία τοῦτʼ ἔσχε τὸ τέλος·
The Sabines, then, against whom Servilius marched, neither engaged in battle nor came out into the open country; but remaining in their strongholds, they tolerated their land being ravaged, their houses being burned, and their slaves deserting; so that with great ease the Romans departed from their country, heavy with spoils and illustrious with boasts, and the campaign of Servilius had this end.
§9.57.3οἱ δὲ σὺν τῷ Κοιντίῳ στρατεύσαντες ἐπί τʼ Αἰκανοὺς καὶ Οὐολούσκους — συνεληλύθεσαν γὰρ εἰς τὸν αὐτὸν τόπον ἐξ ἀμφοτέρων τῶν ἐθνῶν οἱ προαγωνιούμενοι τῶν ἄλλων, καὶ πρὸ τῆς Ἀντιατῶν πόλεως ἀντεστρατοπεδεύσαντο — θᾶττον ἢ βάδην χωροῦντες ἐπιφαίνονται αὐτοῖς· καὶ οὐ πολὺν τόπον τοῦ χάρακος αὐτῶν ἀποσχόντες, ἐν ᾧ πρῶτον ὤφθησάν τε καὶ εἶδον ἐκείνους χωρίῳ ταπεινῷ ὄντι τὰς ἀποσκευὰς ἔθεντο, τοῦ μὴ δεδοικέναι τὰ πολέμια πλήθει μακρῷ προὔχοντα δόξαν ποιῆσαι βουλόμενοι.
But those who campaigned with Quinctius against both the Aequians and the Volscians—for the champions of the others from both nations had assembled in the same place, and had encamped opposite them before the city of Antium—marching faster than at a walk, they appeared before them; and having halted not far from their palisade, in the place where they were first seen and saw them, which was a low-lying spot, they deposited their baggage, wishing to create the impression that they did not fear the enemy's forces, which were far superior in number.
§9.57.4ὡς δʼ εὐτρεπῆ τὰ εἰς μάχην ἑκατέροις ἅπαντα ἦν, ἐξῄεσαν εἰς τὸ πεδίον, καὶ συμπεσόντες ἠγωνίζοντο μέχρι μεσούσης ἡμέρας οὔτʼ εἴκοντες τοῖς πολεμίοις οὔτʼ ἐπιβαίνοντες, ἀεί τε τὸ κάμνον μέρος ἀνισοῦντες τοῖς ἐπὶ ταῖς ἐφεδρείαις τεταγμένοις ἑκάτεροι.
And when all things for battle were ready for both sides, they went out into the plain, and clashing, they fought until midday, neither yielding to the enemy nor gaining ground on them, and each side constantly reinforcing the flagging part with those stationed in the reserves.
ἐν δὲ τούτῳ μάλιστα οἱ Αἰκανοὶ καὶ Οὐολοῦσκοι πλήθει τῶν Ῥωμαίων προὔχοντες ἀνέφερον καὶ περιῆσαν, τῶν πολεμίων οὐκ ἐχόντων ἴσον τῇ προθυμίᾳ τὸ πλῆθος.
In this, the Aequians and Volscians, being superior in number to the Romans, especially recovered and were prevailing, since the enemy did not have a number equal to their eagerness.
§9.57.5ὁ δὲ Κοίντιος ὁρῶν νεκρούς τε πολλοὺς τῶν σφετέρων καὶ τῶν περιόντων τοὺς πλείους τραυματίας ἐμέλλησε μὲν ἀνακαλεῖσθαι τὴν δύναμιν, δείσας δέ, μὴ δόξαν παράσχῃ τοῖς πολεμίοις φυγῆς, παρακινδυνευτέον σφίσιν εἶναι ἔγνω.
But Quinctius, seeing both many of his own men dead and most of the survivors wounded, was indeed about to recall his force, but fearing lest he should give the enemy the impression of flight, he decided that they must run the risk.
ἐπιλεξάμενος δὲ τῶν ἱππέων τοὺς κρατίστους κατὰ τὸ δεξιόν, ὃ μάλιστα ἔκαμνεν, τοῖς σφετέροις παρεβοήθει.
And having selected the strongest of the horsemen, he brought aid to his men on the right wing, which was flagging most.
§9.57.6καὶ τὰ μὲν ἐπιτιμῶν τοῖς ἡγεμόσιν αὐτοῖς τῆς ἀνανδρίας, τὰ δʼ ὑπομιμνήσκων τῶν προτέρων ἀγώνων, τὰ δὲ τὴν αἰσχύνην ἐπιλεγόμενος καὶ τὸν κίνδυνον, ὃς καταλήψεσθαι αὐτοὺς ἔμελλεν ἐν τῇ φυγῇ, τελευτῶν εἶπεν οὐκ ἀληθές, ὃ μάλιστα μὲν τοῖς σφετέροις θάρσος παρέστησε, τοῖς δὲ πολεμίοις δέος.
And partly reproaching the leaders themselves for their cowardice, and partly reminding them of their former struggles, and partly calculating the shame and the danger which was about to overtake them in flight, finally he spoke a falsehood, which especially brought courage to his own men, and fear to the enemy.
ἔφη γάρ, ὅτι θάτερον αὐτῶν ἤδη κέρας ἐξέωσε τοὺς πολεμίους καὶ ἐγγὺς ἤδη ἐστὶ τοῦ ἐκείνων χάρακος.
For he said that the other of their wings had already pushed back the enemy and was already near their palisade.
§9.57.7ταῦτʼ εἰπὼν ἐνσείει τοῖς πολεμίοις, καὶ καταβὰς ἀπὸ τοῦ ἵππου σὺν τοῖς ἀμφʼ αὐτὸν ἐπιλέκτοις τῶν ἱππέων συστάδην ἐμάχετο.
Having said this, he charged against the enemy, and having dismounted from his horse, he fought hand-to-hand with the chosen horsemen around him.
ἐκ δὲ τούτου τόλμα τις ἐμπίπτει τοῖς κάμνουσι τέως, καὶ ὠθοῦνται ἅπαντες ὥσπερ ἕτεροί τινες γεγονότες· καὶ οἱ Οὐολοῦσκοι — τῇδε γὰρ ἐκεῖνοι ἐτάξαντο — μέχρι πολλοῦ διακαρτερήσαντες ἐνέκλιναν.
And from this, a certain courage fell upon those who had been flagging until then, and they all pushed forward as if they had become different men; and the Volscians—for they had been stationed on this side—having held out for a long time, gave way.
ὡς δὲ τούτους ὁ Κοίντιος ἀπεώσατο, ἀναβὰς ἐπὶ τὸν ἵππον παρήλαυνεν ἐπὶ τὴν ἑτέραν τάξιν, καὶ ἐδείκνυε τοῖς ἐκεῖ πεζοῖς τὸ ἡττώμενον τῶν πολεμίων μέρος, καὶ παρεκελεύετο μὴ λείπεσθαι ἀρετῇ τῶν ἑτέρων.
And when Quinctius had driven these back, having mounted his horse, he rode along to the other line, and showed the infantry there the defeated part of the enemy, and exhorted them not to fall behind the others in valor.

Notes

  1. 9.57.2ἠνείχοντο γῆς τʼ αὐτοῖς τεμνομένης — The verb ἀνέχομαι ('tolerate/bear') takes a participle construction to express 'tolerating that something is done.' Here, the genitive subjects and passive participles (γῆς... τεμνομένης, etc.) function as the object of this verb.
  2. 9.57.3τοῦ μὴ δεδοικέναι — Genitive of the articular infinitive expressing purpose or cause. It modifies the following phrase `δόξαν ποιῆσαι βουλόμενοι` ('wishing to create the impression'), explaining their intention to show that they were not afraid.
  3. 9.57.5παρακινδυνευτέον σφίσιν εἶναι ἔγνω — Impersonal neuter usage of the verbal adjective of the intransitive verb παρακινδυνεύω, expressing necessity or obligation ('must run the risk'). The agent of the action is expressed by the dative σφίσιν.

Cite this passage

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities §9.57.1-9.57.7. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0081.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:9.57.1-9.57.7

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