§8.87.1ἐπειδὴ δὲ καθῆκεν ὁ τῶν ἀρχαιρεσιῶν καιρός, ὁ μὲν Αἰμίλιος ἔμεινεν ἐπὶ στρατοπέδου διʼ αἰσχύνης ἔχων ἐπὶ συμφοραῖς οὐκ εὐσχήμοσιν εἰς τὴν πόλιν εἰσελθεῖν τὸ κράτιστον ἀπολωλεκὼς τῆς στρατιᾶς.
When the time for the consular elections arrived, Aemilius remained in the camp, feeling it a disgrace to enter the city after such unseemly disasters, having lost the best part of his army.
ὁ δὲ συνύπατος αὐτοῦ τοὺς ὑφʼ ἑαυτὸν ἄρχοντας ἐπὶ στρατοπέδου καταλιπὼν εἰς τὴν Ῥώμην ᾤχετο· καὶ συγκαλέσας τὸν ὄχλον ἐπὶ τὰς ἀρχαιρεσίας, οἷς μὲν ὁ δῆμος ἐβούλετο δοθῆναι τὴν ὑπατείαν ἀνδράσιν ἐκ τῶν ὑπατευκότων, οὐ προὔθηκε τὴν ψηφοφορίαν, ἐπειδὴ οὐδʼ αὐτοὶ μετῄεσαν τὴν ἀρχὴν ἑκόντες, ὑπὲρ δὲ τῶν μετιόντων τούς τε λόχους ἐκάλεσε καὶ τὰς ψήφους ἀνέδωκεν.
But his colleague, leaving the officers under his command in the camp, went away to Rome; and having assembled the crowd for the elections, he did not propose a vote for those men of consular rank to whom the people wished the consulship to be given, since they themselves did not voluntarily seek the office; but for those who were candidates, he called the centuries and distributed the ballots.
§8.87.2οὗτοι δʼ ἦσαν, οὓς ἡ βουλὴ προείλετο καὶ οἷς παραγγέλλειν τὴν ἀρχὴν ἐκέλευσεν, οὐ σφόδρα τῷ δήμῳ κεχαρισμένοι.
These candidates were those whom the senate had selected and commanded to stand for the office, and they were not very agreeable to the people.
καὶ ἀπεδείχθησαν εἰς τὸν ἐπιόντα ἐνιαυτὸν ὕπατοι ὅ τε νεώτερος ἀδελφὸς τοῦ προθέντος τὰς ἀρχαιρεσίας ὑπάτου, Μάρκος Φάβιος Καίσωνος υἱός, καὶ Λεύκιος Οὐαλέριος Μάρκου υἱός, ὁ τὸν τρὶς ὑπατεύσαντα Κάσσιον κρίνας ἐπὶ τῇ τυραννίδι καὶ §8.87.3ἀποκτείνας.
And there were appointed consuls for the ensuing year Marcus Fabius, the son of Caeso, who was the younger brother of the consul who held the elections, and Lucius Valerius, the son of Marcus, the man who had prosecuted Cassius, the thrice-consul, on the charge of tyranny, and put him to death.
οὗτοι τὴν ἀρχὴν παραλαβόντες ὑπὲρ τῶν ἀποθανόντων ἐν τῷ πρὸς Ἀντιάτας πολέμῳ στρατιωτῶν ἠξίουν ἑτέρους καταγράφειν, ἵνα τὸ ἐλλιπὲς ἀναπληρωθῇ τῶν λόχων.
These men, having taken over the office, resolved to enlist other soldiers in place of those who had died in the war against the Antiales, in order that the deficiency in the centuries might be filled.
καὶ δόγμα ποιησάμενοι βουλῆς προὔγραψαν ἡμέραν, ἐν ᾗ παρεῖναι τοὺς ἔχοντας ἡλικίαν στρατεύσιμον ἔδει.
And having obtained a decree of the senate, they appointed a day on which those of military age were required to be present.
μετὰ τοῦτο θόρυβος ἦν πολὺς κατὰ τὴν πόλιν, καὶ λόγοι τῶν πενεστάτων στασιώδεις οὐκ ἀξιούντων οὔτε βουλῆς δόγμασιν ὑπηρετεῖν οὔτε ὑπάτων ἐξουσίᾳ πειθαρχεῖν, ὅτι τὰς περὶ τῆς κληρουχίας ὑποσχέσεις ἐψεύσαντο πρὸς αὐτούς· συνιόντες τε κατὰ πλῆθος ἐπὶ τοὺς δημάρχους ὠνείδιζον αὐτοῖς προδοσίαν καὶ κατεβόων ἐπικαλούμενοι τὴν ἐξ ἐκείνων συμμαχίαν.
After this there was much tumult throughout the city, and seditious speeches of the poorest sort who did not think fit either to serve the decrees of the senate or to obey the authority of the consuls, because they had broken their promises to them concerning the allotment of land; and coming together in a crowd to the tribunes, they reproached them with treachery and cried out, calling for their assistance.
§8.87.4τοῖς μὲν οὖν ἄλλοις οὐκ ἐδόκει καιρὸς ἁρμόττων εἶναι πολέμου συνεστῶτος ὑπερορίου τὰς πολιτικὰς ἔχθρας ἀναζωπυρεῖν, εἷς δέ τις ἐξ αὐτῶν Γάϊος Μαίνιος οὐκ ἔφη προδώσειν τοὺς δημοτικούς, οὐδʼ ἐπιτρέψειν τοῖς ὑπάτοις στρατιὰν καταγράφειν, ἐὰν μὴ πρότερον ἀποδείξωσι τοὺς ὁριστὰς τῆς δημοσίας γῆς καὶ τὸ περὶ τῆς κληρουχίας ψήφισμα γράψαντες εἰς τὸν δῆμον ἐξενέγκωσιν.
To the other tribunes, then, it did not seem to be a suitable time, while a war was going on abroad, to rekindle political enmities; but one of them, Gaius Maenius, said he would not betray the plebeians, nor would he permit the consuls to levy an army, unless they first appointed the commissioners to bound the public land and, having drafted the bill concerning the allotment of land, brought it before the people.
ἀντιλεγόντων δὲ πρὸς ταῦτα τῶν ὑπάτων καὶ πρόφασιν ποιουμένων τοῦ μηθὲν αὐτῷ συγχωρεῖν, ὧν ἠξίου, τὸν ἐν χερσὶν ὄντα πόλεμον, οὐκ ἔφη προσέξειν αὐτοῖς τὸν νοῦν, ἀλλὰ
When the consuls opposed this and made the war on hand a pretext for conceding nothing of what he demanded, he said he would pay no attention to them, but would oppose the levy with all his power.
§8.87.5κωλύσειν ἁπάσῃ δυνάμει τὴν καταγραφήν. καὶ ἐποίει ταῦτα· οὐ μὴν ἴσχυσέ γε μέχρι τέλους.
And he did so; however, he did not prevail to the end.
οἱ γὰρ ὕπατοι προελθόντες ἔξω τῆς πόλεως ἐν τῷ παρακειμένῳ πεδίῳ τοὺς στρατηγικοὺς δίφρους ἔθηκαν· ἐνταῦθα καὶ τὸν στρατιωτικὸν ἐποιοῦντο κατάλογον, καὶ τοὺς οὐχ ὑπακούοντας τοῖς νόμοις, ἐπειδὴ αὐτοὺς ἄγειν οὐχ οἷοί τʼ ἦσαν, εἰς χρήματα ἐζημίουν· ὅσοις μὲν χωρία ὑπῆρχεν, ἐκκόπτοντες ταῦτα καὶ τὰς αὐλὰς καθαιροῦντες· ὅσων δὲ γεωργικὸς ὁ βίος ἦν ἐν ἀλλοτρίοις κτήμασι, τούτων ἄγοντές τε καὶ φέροντες τὰ παρεσκευασμένα πρὸς τὴν ἐργασίαν ζεύγη τε βοϊκὰ καὶ βοσκήματα καὶ ὑποζύγια ἀχθοφόρα καὶ σκεύη παντοῖα, οἷς γῆ τʼ ἐξεργάζεται καὶ καρποὶ συγκομίζονται.
For the consuls, going out of the city, set up their curule chairs in the adjacent plain; there they made the military levy, and those who did not obey the laws, since they were not able to arrest them, they punished with fines: in the case of those who possessed lands, by cutting down their trees and demolishing their farmhouses; and in the case of those whose agricultural life was on the estates of others, by driving away and carrying off their yokes of oxen prepared for labor, their herds, their beasts of burden, and all kinds of implements with which the land is tilled and the crops are harvested.
§8.87.6ὁ δὲ κωλύων τὴν καταγραφὴν δήμαρχος οὐθὲν ἔτι ποιεῖν ἦν δυνατός.
But the tribune who tried to prevent the levy was no longer able to do anything.
οὐδενὸς γάρ εἰσι τῶν ἔξω τῆς πόλεως οἱ τὴν δημαρχικὴν ἔχοντες ἐξουσίαν κύριοι· περιγέγραπται γὰρ αὐτῶν τὸ κράτος τοῖς τείχεσι, καὶ οὐδὲ ἀπαυλισθῆναι τῆς πόλεως αὐτοῖς θέμις, ὅτι μὴ πρὸς ἕνα καιρόν, ἐν ᾧ πᾶσαι θύουσιν αἱ τῆς πόλεως ἀρχαὶ κοινὴν ὑπὲρ τοῦ Λατίνων ἔθνους τῷ Διὶ θυσίαν ἐπὶ τὸ Ἀλβανῶν ὄρος ἀναβαίνουσαι.
For those who hold the tribunician power have no authority over anything outside the city; for their power is limited by the walls, and it is not even lawful for them to spend a night away from the city, except on one occasion, when all the magistrates of the city, ascending the Alban Mount, offer a common sacrifice to Jupiter on behalf of the Latin nation.
§8.87.7τοῦτο διαμένει μέχρι τῶν καθʼ ἡμᾶς χρόνων τὸ ἔθος, τὸ μηθενὸς εἶναι τῶν ἔξω τῆς πόλεως τοὺς δημάρχους κυρίους· καὶ δὴ καὶ τὸν ἐμφύλιον Ῥωμαίων πόλεμον τὸν ἐπὶ τῆς ἐμῆς ἡλικίας, ὃς μέγιστος τῶν πρὸ αὐτοῦ πολέμων ἐγένετο, ἡ κινήσασα πρόφασις ἐπὶ πολλαῖς ἄλλαις δόξασα μείζων εἶναι καὶ μόνη ἀποχρῶσα διαστῆσαι τὴν πόλιν ἥδε ἦν, ὅτι τῶν δημάρχων τινὲς ἐξεληλάσθαι τῆς πόλεως αἰτιώμενοι βίᾳ πρὸς τοῦ τότε κατέχοντος τὰ κατὰ τὴν Ἰταλίαν ἡγεμόνος, ἵνα μηδενὸς εἶεν ἔτι κύριοι, ἐπὶ τὸν ἐν τῇ Γαλατίᾳ τὰ στρατόπεδα κατέχοντα ὡς οὐκ ἔχοντες, ὅποι τράπωνται, κατέφυγον.
This custom continues to our times, namely, that the tribunes have no authority over anything outside the city; indeed, in the Roman civil war in my own lifetime, which became the greatest of all wars before it, the pretext that set it in motion—which, among many others, seemed to be the greatest and alone sufficient to divide the city—was this: that some of the tribunes, complaining of having been driven from the city by force by the leader who then controlled Italy, so that they might no longer have any authority, fled to him who commanded the armies in Gaul, as having no other place to turn.
§8.87.8ὁ δὲ τῇ προφάσει ταύτῃ χρησάμενος, ὡς ἀρχῇ δήμου παναγεῖ τὸ κράτος ἀφαιρεθείσῃ παρὰ τοὺς ὅρκους τῶν προγόνων αὐτὸς ὁσίως καὶ σὺν δίκῃ βοηθῶν αὐτός τε σὺν τοῖς ὅπλοις ἦλθεν εἰς τὴν πόλιν καὶ τοὺς ἄνδρας ἐπὶ τὴν ἀρχὴν κατήγαγε.
And he, using this pretext, as if he were piously and justly defending a sacred office of the people that had been stripped of its power contrary to the oaths of their ancestors, marched in arms to the city and restored the men to their office.