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Dionysius of Halicarnassus · Roman Antiquities §3.26.1-3.26.6

Mettius' Pretense and Tullus' Assembly of the Senate

Passage 197 of 962 · Greek

Summary

Seeing Tullus' victory, Mettius the Alban pretends to be an ally by slaying the fleeing enemy. Tullus returns to Rome by night, summons the senate, exposes Mettius' treachery, and deliberates on how to punish him.

§3.26.1ὁ δὲ Ἀλβανὸς ἐπειδὴ λαμπρῶς ἤδη νικῶντας ἐθεάσατο τοὺς ἀμφὶ τὸν Τύλλον, καταβιβάσας καὶ αὐτὸς ἀπὸ τῶν ὑψηλῶν τὴν οἰκείαν δύναμιν ἐπὶ τοὺς φεύγοντας τῶν Φιδηναίων ἐχώρει, ἵνα δὴ τοῖς Ῥωμαίοις γένοιτο πᾶσι φανερὸς ἔργον τι ποιῶν συμμάχου καὶ συχνοὺς τῶν διεσκεδασμένων ἐν τῇ φυγῇ §3.26.2διέφθειρε.
The Alban, when he beheld those around Tullus already winning a brilliant victory, himself also led down his own force from the heights and advanced against the fleeing Fidenaeans, in order that he might show himself clearly to all the Romans to be performing some duty of an ally; and many of those who had been scattered in the flight he slew.
συνεὶς δὲ τὴν διάνοιαν αὐτοῦ καὶ μισήσας τὴν παλινπροδοσίαν ὁ Τύλλος οὐδὲν ἐξελέγχειν ᾤετο δεῖν κατὰ τὸ παρόν, ἕως ἂν ὑφʼ ἑαυτῷ ποιήσηται τὸν ἄνδρα, ἀλλʼ ἐπαινεῖν τε τὴν ἀναχώρησιν αὐτοῦ τὴν ἐπὶ τὰ μετέωρα πρὸς πολλοὺς τῶν παρόντων ὡς ἀπὸ παντὸς τοῦ βελτίστου γενομένην ἐσκήπτετο καὶ τῶν ἱππέων μοῖράν τινα πέμψας ὡς αὐτὸν ἠξίου τελείαν ἀποδείξασθαι τὴν προθυμίαν, τοὺς μὴ δυνηθέντας εἰς τὰ τείχη τῶν Φιδηναίων καταφεύγειν ἀλλʼ ἐσκεδασμένους ἀνὰ τὴν χώραν συχνοὺς ὄντας κελεύων διερευνώμενον ἀποκτείνειν.
Tullus, though he understood his purpose and hated his counter-betrayal, did not think he ought to expose him at all for the present, until he should get the man into his own power. Instead, he pretended before many of those present to praise his withdrawal to the high ground as having been done with the best intentions, and sending a detachment of the cavalry to him, he urged him to display his zeal to the full, ordering him to search out and kill the many who had been unable to escape to the walls of the Fidenaeans but were scattered throughout the country.
§3.26.3κἀκεῖνος ὡς θάτερον ὧν ἤλπισε διαπεπραγμένος καὶ λεληθὼς τὸν Τύλλον ἔχαιρέ τε καὶ μέχρι πολλοῦ καθιππεύων τὰ πεδία τοὺς καταλαμβανομένους διέφθειρεν, ἤδη δὲ δεδυκότος ἡλίου τοὺς ἱππέας ἧκεν ἄγων ἐπὶ τὸ στρατόπεδον τὸ Ῥωμαϊκὸν ἐκ τοῦ διωγμοῦ καὶ τὴν ἐπελθοῦσαν νύκτα ἐν εὐπαθείαις ἅμα τοῖς ἑταίροις ἦν.
And Mettius, believing that he had accomplished one of the two things he hoped for and had escaped the notice of Tullus, was glad, and for a long time rode over the plains, slaying those whom he overtook; and when the sun had already set, he came bringing the cavalry from the pursuit back to the Roman camp, and spent the following night in pleasures together with his companions.
§3.26.4ὁ δὲ Τύλλος ἐν τῷ Οὐιεντανῶν χάρακι μείνας ἄχρι πρώτης φυλακῆς καὶ τοὺς ἐπιφανεστάτους τῶν αἰχμαλώτων ἀνακρίνας, τίνες ἦσαν οἱ τῆς ἀποστάσεως ἡγεμόνες, ὡς ἔμαθε καὶ τὸν Ἀλβανὸν Μέττιον Φουφέττιον ἐν τοῖς συνομοσαμένοις ὑπάρχοντα, δόξας συνᾴδειν τὰ πραχθέντα ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ τοῖς μηνυομένοις ὑπὸ τῶν αἰχμαλώτων ἀναβὰς ἐπὶ τὸν ἵππον καὶ τοὺς πιστοτάτους τῶν ἑταίρων παραλαβὼν πρὸς τὴν πόλιν ἀφιππεύει·
Tullus, having remained in the camp of the Veientes until the first watch, and having questioned the most prominent of the prisoners as to who were the leaders of the rebellion, when he learned that Mettius Fufetius the Alban was also among the conspirators, and thinking that his actions agreed with the disclosures made by the prisoners, mounted his horse and, taking the most faithful of his companions with him, rode off to the city.
§3.26.5καὶ πρὸ μέσων νυκτῶν ἐκ τῶν οἰκιῶν τοὺς βουλευτὰς συγκαλέσας τήν τε προδοσίαν αὐτοῖς λέγει τὴν τοῦ Ἀλβανοῦ μάρτυρας τοὺς αἰχμαλώτους παρασχόμενος καὶ ὃν τρόπον αὐτὸς κατεστρατήγησε τούς τε πολεμίους καὶ τοὺς Φιδηναίους διηγεῖται.
And before midnight, having summoned the senators from their houses, he informed them of the treachery of the Alban, producing the prisoners as witnesses, and related in what manner he himself had outgeneraled the enemy and the Fidenaeans.
τέλος δὴ τὸ κράτιστον εἰληφότος τοῦ πολέμου τὰ λοιπὰ ἤδη σκοπεῖν αὐτοὺς ἠξίου, τίνα χρὴ τρόπον τιμωρήσασθαι μὲν τοὺς προδότας, σωφρονεστέραν δὲ τὴν Ἀλβανῶν ἀποδοῦναι πόλιν εἰς τὸ λοιπόν.
Finally, since the war had reached the most successful conclusion, he urged them to consider what remained to be done—in what manner they ought to punish the traitors and make the city of the Albans more well-behaved for the future.
§3.26.6τὸ μὲν οὖν τιμωρήσασθαι τοὺς ἐπιχειρήσαντας ἔργοις ἀνοσίοις πᾶσιν ἐδόκει δίκαιόν τε καὶ ἀναγκαῖον εἶναι, ὃν δὲ τρόπον τοῦτο γένοιτʼ ἂν ῥᾷστα καὶ ἀσφαλέστατα πολλὴν αὐτοῖς παρεῖχεν ἀπορίαν.
Now, to punish those who had attempted such unholy deeds seemed to all both just and necessary, but in what manner this could be done most easily and safely caused them great perplexity.
ἀδήλῳ μὲν γὰρ καὶ λεληθότι μόρῳ πολλοὺς καὶ ἀγαθοὺς Ἀλβανῶν ἄνδρας διαχειρίσασθαι τῶν ἀδυνάτων αὐτοῖς ἐφαίνετο εἶναι· εἰ δὲ φανερῶς συλλαμβάνειν καὶ τιμωρεῖσθαι τοὺς ἐνόχους ταῖς αἰτίαις ἐπιχειρήσειαν, οὐ περιόψεσθαι τοὺς Ἀλβανοὺς ὑπελάμβανον, ἀλλʼ ἐπὶ τὰ ὅπλα χωρήσειν.
For to dispatch many brave men of the Albans by an unseen and secret death seemed to them to be among the impossible things; and if they should attempt openly to arrest and punish those who were liable to the charges, they supposed that the Albans would not look on indifferently but would resort to arms.
ἅμα δὲ πολεμεῖν Φιδηναίοις τε καὶ Τυρρηνοῖς καὶ τοῖς ἐπὶ τὴν συμμαχίαν σφῶν συνεληλυθόσιν Ἀλβανοῖς οὐκ ἐβούλοντο.
At the same time, they did not wish to wage war against the Fidenaeans, the Tyrrhenians, and the Albans who had assembled for their alliance.
ἀπορουμένων δʼ αὐτῶν τελευταῖος ἀποδείκνυται γνώμην ὁ Τύλλος, ἣν ἅπαντες ἐπῄνεσαν, ὑπὲρ ἧς μετὰ μικρὸν ἐρῶ.
While they were in perplexity, Tullus last of all declared an opinion which all approved, concerning which I shall speak a little later.

Notes

  1. 487ἵνα δὴ τοῖς Ῥωμαίοις γένοιτο πᾶσι φανερὸς ἔργον τι ποιῶν — The adjective `φανερός` is constructed with the participle `ποιῶν` to mean 'clearly doing'. It functions as a predicate complement to the subject. `συμμάχου` is a genitive modifying `ἔργον`, indicating 'the duty of an ally'.
  2. p.v.1p.326ἕως ἂν ὑφʼ ἑαυτῷ ποιήσηται τὸν ἄνδρα — A temporal clause where `ἕως ἂν` is followed by the aorist subjunctive `ποιήσηται` (third-person singular, middle), denoting a limit in the future ('until he should...'). The subjunctive is retained within the past context of the main verb `ᾤετο` to express subjective anticipation or condition.
  3. p.v.1p.326ἠξίου τελείαν ἀποδείξασθαι τὴν προθυμίαν — The subject of the infinitive `ἀποδείξασθαι` is not the subject of the main verb Tullus, but rather Mettius ('him') implied by the context. `ἠξίου` ('demanded' or 'urged') takes an accusative and infinitive construction where the accusative subject (or the referent of `ὡς αὐτόν`) is omitted, meaning 'he urged him to display his zeal fully.'

Cite this passage

Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities §3.26.1-3.26.6. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0081.tlg001.humanitext-grc2:3.26.1-3.26.6

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