§1.3.1αἱ μὲν οὖν ἐπιφανέσταται τῶν πρόσθεν ἡγεμονιῶν, ἃς παρειλήφαμεν ἐκ τῆς ἱστορίας, τοσαύτην ἀκμήν τε καὶ ἰσχὺν λαβοῦσαι κατελύθησαν·
Thus the most illustrious of the former empires, which we have received from history, after reaching such a peak and strength, were destroyed.
τὰς γὰρ Ἑλληνικὰς δυνάμεις οὐκ ἄξιον αὐταῖς ἀντιπαρεξετάζειν, οὔτε μέγεθος ἀρχῆς οὔτε χρόνον ἐπιφανείας §1.3.2τοσοῦτον ὅσον ἐκεῖναι λαβούσας.
For it is not fitting to compare the Greek powers with them, since in the size of their empire and the duration of their prominence they did not acquire as much as those empires did.
Ἀθηναῖοι μέν γε αὐτῆς μόνον ἦρξαν τῆς παραλίου δυεῖν δέοντα ἑβδομήκοντα ἔτη καὶ οὐδὲ ταύτης ἁπάσης, ἀλλὰ τῆς ἐντὸς Εὐξείνου τε πόντου καὶ τοῦ Παμφυλίου πελάγους, ὅτε μάλιστα ἐθαλασσοκράτουν.
Indeed, the Athenians ruled only over the coastlands for sixty-eight years, and not even over all of this, but only over the region within the Euxine Sea and the Pamphylian Sea, when they were at the height of their naval supremacy.
Λακεδαιμόνιοι δὲ Πελοποννήσου καὶ τῆς ἄλλης κρατοῦντες Ἑλλάδος ἕως Μακεδονίας τὴν ἀρχὴν προὐβίβασαν, ἐπαύσθησαν δὲ ὑπὸ Θηβαίων οὐδὲ ὅλα τριάκοντα ἔτη τὴν ἀρχὴν κατασχόντες.
The Lacedaemonians, while ruling the Peloponnese and the rest of Greece, extended their empire as far as Macedonia, but they were stopped by the Thebans before holding their empire for even thirty full years.
§1.3.3ἡ δὲ Ῥωμαίων πόλις ἁπάσης μὲν ἄρχει γῆς ὅση μὴ ἀνέμβατός ἐστιν, ἀλλʼ ὑπʼ ἀνθρώπων κατοικεῖται, πάσης δὲ κρατεῖ θαλάσσης, οὐ μόνον τῆς ἐντὸς Ἡρακλείων στηλῶν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῆς Ὠκεανίτιδος ὅση πλεῖσθαι μὴ ἀδύνατός ἐστι, πρώτη καὶ μόνη τῶν ἐκ τοῦ παντὸς αἰῶνος μνημονευομένων ἀνατολὰς καὶ δύσεις ὅρους ποιησαμένη τῆς δυναστείας·
The city of the Romans, on the other hand, rules over all the land that is not inaccessible but inhabited by humans, and controls all the sea, not only that within the Pillars of Hercules, but also as much of the Ocean as is not impossible to navigate, being the first and only one of those remembered from all time to make the east and west the boundaries of its dominion.
χρόνος τε αὐτῇ τοῦ κράτους οὐ βραχύς, ἀλλʼ ὅσος οὐδεμιᾷ τῶν ἄλλων οὔτε πόλεων οὔτε βασιλειῶν.
And the time of its power is not short, but longer than that of any other city or kingdom.
§1.3.4εὐθὺς μὲν γὰρ ἐξ ἀρχῆς μετὰ τὸν οἰκισμὸν τὰ πλησίον ἔθην πολλὰ καὶ μάχιμα ὄντα προσήγετο καὶ προὔβαινεν ἀεὶ πᾶν δουλουμένη τὸ ἀντίπαλον·
For straight from the beginning after its founding, it kept bringing over the neighboring nations, which were many and warlike, and advanced, always reducing every opponent to subjection.
ταῦτα δὲ πέντε καὶ τετταράκοντα ἤδη πρὸς ἑπτακοσίοις ἔτεσίν ἐστιν εἰς ὑπάτους Κλαύδιον Νέρωνα τὸ δεύτερον καὶ Πείσωνα Καλπούρνιον, οἳ κατὰ τὴν τρίτην ἐπὶ ταῖς ἐνενήκοντα καὶ ἑκατὸν ὀλυμπιάσιν ἀπεδείχθησαν.
And this is already seven hundred and forty-five years down to the consulship of Claudius Nero (for the second time) and Calpurnius Piso, who were appointed in the hundred and ninety-third Olympiad.
ἐξ οὗ δὲ ὅλης ἐκράτησεν Ἰταλίας καὶ ἐπὶ τὴν ἁπάντων ἐθάρρησεν ἀρχὴν προελθεῖν, ἐκβαλοῦσα μὲν ἐκ τῆς θαλάττης Καρχηδονίους, οἳ πλείστην ἔσχον ναυτικὴν δύναμιν, ὑποχείριον δὲ λαβοῦσα Μακεδονίαν, ἣ §1.3.5τέως ἐδόκει μέγιστον ἰσχύειν κατὰ γῆν, οὐδὲν ἔτι ἀντίπαλον ἔχουσα οὔτε βάρβαρον φῦλον οὔτε Ἑλληνικὸν γενεὰν ἑβδόμην ἤδη τὴν ἐπʼ ἐμοῦ διαμένει παντὸς ἄρχουσα τόπου·
And since the time it gained control over the whole of Italy and made bold to advance to the empire of all, having driven the Carthaginians, who had the greatest naval power, out of the sea, and having brought under its hand Macedonia, which until then was thought to be the strongest on land, it has continued for already the seventh generation down to my time, having no longer any opponent, whether barbarian tribe or Greek nation, ruling over every place.
ἔθνος δὲ οὐδὲν ὡς εἰπεῖν ἐστιν, ὃ περὶ τῆς κοινῆς ἡγεμονίας ἢ τοῦ μὴ §1.3.6ἄρχεσθαι πρὸς αὐτὴν διαφέρεται.
And there is virtually no nation that disputes with it for the common hegemony or for not being ruled by it.
ἀλλὰ γὰρ ὅτι μὲν οὔτε τὴν ἐλαχίστην τῶν ὑποθέσεων προῄρημαι, καθάπερ ἔφην, οὔτε περὶ φαύλας καὶ ἀσήμους πράξεις ἔγνωκα διατρίβειν, ἀλλὰ περί τε πόλεως γράφω τῆς περιφανεστάτης καὶ περὶ πράξεων ὧν οὐκ ἂν ἔχοι τις ἑτέρας ἐπιδείξασθαι λαμπροτέρας, οὐκ οἶδʼ ὅ,τι δεῖ πλείω λέγειν.
However, since I have chosen not the least of subjects, as I said, and have resolved not to spend my time on trivial and obscure deeds, but am writing about the most illustrious city and about deeds than which no one could display others more brilliant, I do not know why I need to say more.