§18Ἀνάχαρσις
τοῦτʼ ἐκεῖνο ἦν ἄρα, ὃ ἐγὼ περὶ ὑμῶν ἤκουον τῶν Ἀθηναίων, ὡς εἴητε εἴρωνες ἐν τοῖς λόγοις.
Anacharsis: "This, then, was that very thing which I used to hear about you Athenians, that you are ironical in your speech.
ἐπεὶ πόθεν ἂν ἐγὼ νομὰς καὶ πλάνης ἄνθρωπος, ἐφʼ ἁμάξης βεβιωκώς, ἄλλοτε ἄλλην γῆν ἀμείβων, πόλιν δὲ οὔτε οἰκήσας πώποτε οὔτε ἄλλοτε ἢ νῦν ἑωρακώς, περὶ πολιτείας διεξίοιμι καὶ διδάσκοιμι αὐτόχθονας ἄνδρας πόλιν ταύτην ἀρχαιοτάτην τοσούτοις ἤδη χρόνοις ἐν εὐνομίᾳ κατῳκηκότας, καὶ μάλιστα σέ, ὦ Σόλων, ᾧ τοῦτο ἐξ ἀρχῆς καὶ μάθημα, ὡς φασίν, ἐγένετο, ἐπίστασθαι ὅπως ἂν ἄριστα πόλις οἰκοῖτο καὶ οἷστισιν νόμοις χρωμένη εὐδαιμονήσειε;
For how indeed should I, a nomadic and wandering man, who have lived on a wagon, changing from one land to another, and who have never inhabited a city nor seen one at any other time than now, discourse about statecraft and instruct indigenous men who have already inhabited this most ancient city in good order for so long a time, and especially you, Solon, for whom to understand how a city might best be inhabited and using what laws it would be prosperous has been, as they say, your study from the beginning?
πλὴν ἀλλὰ καὶ τοῦτο ὡς νομοθέτῃ πειστέον σοι, καὶ ἀντερῶ ἤν τί μοι δοκῇ μὴ ὀρθῶς λέγεσθαι, ὡς βεβαιότερον μάθοιμι.
Nevertheless, in this too I must obey you as a lawmaker, and I shall contradict if anything seems to me not to be said correctly, so that I may learn more surely.
καὶ ἰδοὺ γὰρ ἤδη ἐκφυγόντες τὸν ἥλιον ἐν τῷ συνηρεφεῖ ἐσμεν, καὶ καθέδρα μάλα ἡδεῖα καὶ εὔκαιρος ἐπὶ ψυχροῦ τοῦ λίθου.
And look, for we have already escaped the sun and are in the shade, and there is a very pleasant and opportune seat upon the cold stone.
λέγε οὖν τὸν λόγον ἐξ ἀρχῆς καθʼ ὅ τι τοὺς νέους παραλαβόντες ἐκ παίδων εὐθὺς διαπονεῖτε, καὶ ὅπως ὑμῖν ἄριστοι ἄνδρες ἀποβαίνουσιν ἐκ τοῦ πηλοῦ καὶ τῶν ἀσκημάτων τούτων, καὶ τί ἡ κόνις καὶ τὰ κυβιστήματα συντελεῖ πρὸς ἀρετὴν αὐτοῖς.
Tell me then the discourse from the beginning, on what basis you take the young men immediately from childhood and train them, and how your best men turn out for you from the mud and these exercises, and what the dust and the rollings contribute to virtue for them.
τοῦτο γὰρ δὴ μάλιστα ἐξ ἀρχῆς εὐθὺς ἐπόθουν ἀκοῦσαι· τὰ δʼ ἄλλα εἰς ὕστερον διδάξῃ με κατὰ καιρὸν ἕκαστον ἐν τῷ μέρει.
For this is indeed what I was most of all eager to hear from the very beginning; as for the other things, you shall teach me later in turn, each at its proper time.
ἐκείνου μέντοι, ὦ Σόλων, μέμνησό μοι παρὰ τὴν ῥῆσιν, ὅτι πρὸς ἄνδρα βάρβαρον ἐρεῖς.
However, Solon, remember this for me throughout your speech, that you will be speaking to a barbarian man.
λέγω δὲ ὡς μὴ περιπλέκῃς μηδὲ ἀπομηκύνῃς τοὺς λόγους· δέδια γὰρ μὴ ἐπιλανθάνωμαι τῶν πρώτων, εἰ τὰ μετὰ ταῦτα πολλὰ ἐπιρρέοι. §19Σόλων
σὺ τοῦτο, ὦ Ἀνάχαρσι, ταμιεύσῃ ἄμεινον, ἔνθα ἄν σοι δοκῇ μὴ πάνυ σαφὴς ὁ λόγος εἶναι ἢ πόρρω ποι ἀποπλανᾶσθαι εἰκῆ ῥέων· ἐρήσῃ γὰρ μεταξὺ ὅ τι ἂν ἐθέλῃς καὶ διακόψεις αὐτοῦ τὸ μῆκος.
I say this so that you may not complicate or lengthen your words; for I fear lest I forget the first parts if those after them should flow in abundantly." Solon: "You, Anacharsis, will manage this better, wherever the discourse seems to you not to be very clear or to wander off somewhere far, flowing in vain; for you shall ask in the midst whatever you wish and cut short its length.
ἢν μέντοι μὴ ἐξαγώνια μηδὲ πόρρω τοῦ σκοποῦ τὰ λεγόμενα ᾖ, κωλύσει οὐδέν, οἶμαι, εἰ καὶ μακρὰ λέγοιτο, ἐπεὶ καὶ τῇ βουλῇ τῇ ἐξ Ἀρείου πάγου, ἥπερ τὰς φονικὰς ἡμῖν δίκας δικάζει, πάτριον οὕτω ποιεῖν.
However, if what is said is neither out of bounds nor far from the mark, nothing will prevent, I think, even if it be spoken at length, since it is an ancestral custom also for the council on the Areopagus, which judges homicide cases for us, to do so.
ὁπόταν γὰρ ἀνελθοῦσα εἰς τὸν πάγον συγκαθέζηται φόνου ἢ τραύματος ἐκ προνοίας ἢ πυρκαϊᾶς δικάσοντες, ἀποδίδοται λόγος ἑκατέρῳ τῶν κρινομένων καὶ λέγουσιν ἐν τῷ μέρει ὁ μὲν διώκων ὁ δὲ φεύγων, ἢ αὐτοὶ ἢ ῥήτορας ἀναβιβάζονται τοὺς ἐροῦντας ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν.
For whenever they go up and sit together on the hill to judge homicide, or premeditated wounding, or arson, a speech is given to each of those on trial, and they speak in turn, the accuser on one hand and the defendant on the other, either themselves or they bring up rhetoricians to speak on their behalf.
οἱ δὲ ἔστʼ ἂν μὲν περὶ τοῦ πράγματος λέγωσιν, ἀνέχεται ἡ βουλὴ καθʼ ἡσυχίαν ἀκούουσα· ἢν δέ τις ἢ φροίμιον εἴπῃ πρὸ τοῦ λόγου, ὡς εὐνουστέρους ἀπεργάσαιτο αὐτούς, ἢ οἶκτον ἢ δείνωσιν ἔξωθεν ἐπάγῃ τῷ πράγματι — οἷα πολλὰ ῥητόρων παῖδες ἐπὶ τοὺς δικαστὰς μηχανῶνται — παρελθὼν ὁ κῆρυξ κατεσιώπησεν εὐθύς, οὐκ ἐῶν ληρεῖν πρὸς τὴν βουλὴν καὶ περιπέττειν τὸ πρᾶγμα ἐν τοῖς λόγοις, ὡς γυμνὰ τὰ γεγενημένα οἱ Ἀρεοπαγῖται βλέποιεν.
And as long as they speak about the matter, the council tolerates it, listening in silence; but if anyone speaks an introduction before the speech, so that he might make them more well-disposed, or brings in pity or exaggeration from outside the matter—such as the disciples of rhetoricians devise many times against the judges—the herald steps forward and silences them immediately, not allowing them to talk nonsense to the council and wrap up the matter in words, so that the Areopagites may look at the facts bare.
ὥστε καὶ σέ, ὦ Ἀνάχαρσι, Ἀρεοπαγίτην ἐν τῷ παρόντι ποιοῦμαι ἔγωγε, καὶ κατὰ τὸν τῆς βουλῆς μου νόμον ἄκουε, καὶ σιωπᾶν κέλευε, ἢν αἴσθῃ καταρρητορευόμενος· ἄχρι δ' ἂν οἰκεῖα τῷ πράγματι λέγηται, ἐξέστω ἀπομηκύνειν.
So that you too, Anacharsis, I make an Areopagite at present, and listen to me according to the law of my council, and command me to be silent if you perceive yourself being talked down by rhetoric; but as long as things proper to the matter are said, let it be allowed to speak at length.
οὐδὲ γὰρ ὑφʼ ἡλίῳ ἔτι ποιησόμεθα τὴν συνουσίαν, ὡς ἄχθεσθαι εἰ ἀποτείνοιτο ἡ ῥῆσις, ἀλλὰ ἥ τε σκιὰ πυκνὴ καὶ ἡμεῖς σχολὴν ἄγομεν. Ἀνάχαρσις
εὐγνώμονά σου ταῦτα, ὦ Σόλων, καὶ ἔγωγε ἤδη χάριν οὐ μικρὰν οἶδά σοι καὶ ἐπὶ τούτοις, ὅτι πάρεργον τοῦ λόγου καὶ τὰ ἐν Ἀρείῳ πάγῳ γιγνόμενα ἐδιδάξω με, θαυμάσια ὡς ἀληθῶς καὶ ἀγαθῶν βουλευτῶν ἔργα πρὸς ἀλήθειαν οἰσόντων τὴν ψῆφον.
For we shall no longer hold our meeting under the sun, so as to be vexed if the speech is prolonged, but the shade is thick and we have leisure." Anacharsis: "These words of yours are reasonable, Solon, and I already feel no small gratitude to you also for this, that as a byproduct of your speech you have taught me the things that happen on the Areopagus, which are truly wonderful and the deeds of good councilors who will cast their votes in accordance with the truth.
ἐπὶ τούτοις οὖν ἤδη λέγε, καὶ ὁ Ἀρεοπαγίτης ἐγὼ — τοῦτο γὰρ ἔθου με — κατὰ σχῆμα τῆς βουλῆς ἀκούσομαί σου.
Therefore, speak now on these terms, and I, the Areopagite—for you have made me this—will listen to you in accordance with the manner of the council."