Humanitext Reader

Lucian · A True Story §1.17-1.20

Defeat of the Moon and the Sun-Moon Peace Treaty

Passage 5 of 22 · Greek

Summary

The tide of battle turns dramatically with the arrival of the Nephelokentauroi, leading to the defeat of the Selenites and the capture of the narrator. Subsequently, a detailed peace treaty is concluded between the two sides.

§1.17τοιαύτῃ μὲν καὶ ὁ Φαέθων ἐπῄει παρασκευῇ.
Thus Phaethon also advanced with such preparation.
συμμίξαντες δὲ ἐπειδὴ τὰ σημεῖα ἤρθη καὶ ὠγκήσαντο ἑκατέρων οἱ ὄνοι — τούτοις γὰρ ἀντὶ σαλπιστῶν χρῶνται — ἐμάχοντο.
And when they met and, after the signals were raised, the donkeys on both sides brayed—for they use these instead of trumpeters—they fought.
καὶ τὸ μὲν εὐώνυμον τῶν Ἡλιωτῶν αὐτίκα ἔφυγεν οὐδʼ εἰς χεῖρας δεξάμενον τοὺς Ἱππογύπους, καὶ ἡμεῖς εἱπόμεθα κτείνοντες· τὸ δεξιὸν δὲ αὐτῶν ἐκράτει τοῦ ἐπὶ τῷ ἡμετέρῳ εὐωνύμου, καὶ ἐπεξῆλθον οἱ Ἀεροκώνωπες διώκοντες ἄχρι πρὸς τοὺς πεζούς.
And the left wing of the Heliotes immediately fled, not even receiving the Hippogypoi hand to hand, and we followed them, killing; but their right wing was prevailing over our left wing, and the Aerokonopes advanced, chasing them as far as the infantry.
ἐνταῦθα δὲ κἀκείνων ἐπιβοηθούντων ἔφυγον ἐγκλίναντες, καὶ μάλιστα ἐπεὶ ᾔσθοντο τοὺς ἐπὶ τῷ εὐωνύμῳ σφῶν νενικημένους.
There, with those also helping, they fled, giving way, and especially when they perceived that those on their left wing had been defeated.
τῆς δὲ τροπῆς λαμπρᾶς γεγενημένης πολλοὶ μὲν ζῶντες ἡλίσκοντο, πολλοὶ δὲ καὶ ἀνῃροῦντο, καὶ τὸ αἷμα ἔρρει πολὺ μὲν ἐπὶ τῶν νεφῶν, ὥστε αὐτὰ βάπτεσθαι καὶ ἐρυθρὰ φαίνεσθαι, οἷα παρʼ ἡμῖν δυομένου τοῦ ἡλίου φαίνεται, πολὺ δὲ καὶ εἰς τὴν γῆν κατέσταζεν, ὥστε με εἰκάζειν, μὴ ἄρα τοιούτου τινὸς καὶ πάλαι ἄνω γενομένου Ὅμηρος ὑπέλαβεν αἵματι ὗσαι τὸν Δία ἐπὶ τῷ τοῦ Σαρπηδόνος θανάτῳ.
And when the rout became complete, many were taken alive and many were slain, and the blood flowed in abundance upon the clouds, so that they were dyed and appeared red, just as the sun appears with us when it is setting, and much of it dripped down even to the earth, so that I conjectured that, some such thing having happened of old above, Homer supposed that Zeus rained blood at the death of Sarpedon.
§1.18ἀναστρέψαντες δὲ ἀπὸ τῆς διώξεως δύο τρόπαια ἐστήσαμεν, τὸ μὲν ἐπὶ τῶν ἀραχνίων τῆς πεζομαχίας, τὸ δὲ τῆς ἀερομαχίας ἐπὶ τῶν νεφῶν.
And returning from the pursuit, we set up two trophies, one for the infantry battle upon the spiders' webs, and the other for the air-battle upon the clouds.
ἄρτι δὲ τούτων γινομένων ἠγγέλλοντο ὑπὸ τῶν σκοπῶν οἱ Νεφελοκένταυροι προσελαύνοντες, οὓς ἔδει πρὸ τῆς μάχης ἐλθεῖν τῷ Φαέθοντι.
While these things were just happening, the Nephelokentauroi were announced by the scouts to be riding up, who were supposed to have come to Phaethon before the battle.
καὶ δὴ ἐφαίνοντο προσιόντες, θέαμα παραδοξότατον, ἐξ ἵππων πτερωτῶν καὶ ἀνθρώπων συγκείμενοι· μέγεθος δὲ τῶν μὲν ἀνθρώπων ὅσον τοῦ Ῥοδίων κολοσσοῦ ἐξ ἡμισείας ἐς τὸ ἄνω, τῶν δὲ ἵππων ὅσον νεὼς μεγάλης φορτίδος.
And indeed they appeared approaching, a most extraordinary sight, composed of winged horses and men; and the size of the men was as much as the Colossus of Rhodes from the waist up, and that of the horses as much as a large merchant ship.
τὸ μέντοι πλῆθος αὐτῶν οὐκ ἀνέγραψα, μή τῳ καὶ ἄπιστον δόξῃ — τοσοῦτον ἦν.
Their number indeed I have not written down, lest it should seem incredible to anyone—so great was it.
ἡγεῖτο δὲ αὐτῶν ὁ ἐκ τοῦ ζῳδιακοῦ τοξότης.
And the Archer from the zodiac was leading them.
ἐπεὶ δὲ ᾔσθοντο τοὺς φίλους νενικημένους, ἐπὶ μὲν τὸν Φαέθοντα ἔπεμπον ἀγγελίαν αὖθις ἐπιέναι, αὐτοὶ δὲ διαταξάμενοι τεταραγμένοις ἐπιπίπτουσι τοῖς Σεληνίταις, ἀτάκτως περὶ τὴν δίωξιν καὶ τὰ λάφυρα διεσκεδασμένοις· καὶ πάντας μὲν τρέπουσιν, αὐτὸν δὲ τὸν βασιλέα καταδιώκουσι πρὸς τὴν πόλιν καὶ τὰ πλεῖστα τῶν ὀρνέων αὐτοῦ κτείνουσιν· ἀνέσπασαν δὲ καὶ τὰ τρόπαια καὶ κατέδραμον ἅπαν τὸ ὑπὸ τῶν ἀραχνῶν πεδίον ὑφασμένον, ἐμὲ δὲ καὶ δύο τινὰς τῶν ἑταίρων ἐζώγρησαν.
When they perceived that their friends had been defeated, they sent a message to Phaethon to attack again, and they themselves, having drawn up their lines, fell upon the Selenites who were in confusion, scattered without order in pursuit and for plunder; and they turned them all to flight, and pursued the king himself to the city and killed most of his birds; and they tore down the trophies and overran all the plain woven by the spiders, and they captured me and two of my companions alive.
ἤδη δὲ παρῆν καὶ ὁ Φαέθων καὶ αὖθις ἄλλα τρόπαια ὑπʼ ἐκείνων ἵστατο.
And already Phaethon also was present, and again other trophies were set up by them.
ἡμεῖς μὲν οὖν ἀπηγόμεθα ἐς τὸν ἥλιον αὐθημερὸν τὼ χεῖρε ὀπίσω δεθέντες ἀραχνίου ἀποκόμματι.
We, therefore, were led away to the Sun on the same day, with our hands bound behind us with a piece of spider's web.
§1.19οἱ δὲ πολιορκεῖν μὲν οὐκ ἔγνωσαν τὴν πόλιν, ἀναστρέψαντες δὲ τὸ μεταξὺ τοῦ ἀέρος ἀπετείχιζον, ὥστε μηκέτι τὰς αὐγὰς ἀπὸ τοῦ ἡλίου πρὸς τὴν σελήνην διήκειν.
And they decided not to besiege the city, but returning they walled off the space between the air, so that the rays from the sun should no longer reach the moon.
τὸ δὲ τεῖχος ἦν διπλοῦν, νεφελωτόν· ὥστε σαφὴς ἔκλειψις τῆς σελήνης ἐγεγόνει καὶ νυκτὶ διηνεκεῖ πᾶσα κατείχετο.
And the wall was double, made of clouds; so that a complete eclipse of the moon occurred, and it was entirely held in perpetual night.
πιεζόμενος δὲ τούτοις ὁ Ἐνδυμίων πέμψας ἱκέτευε καθαιρεῖν τὸ οἰκοδόμημα καὶ μὴ σφᾶς περιορᾶν ἐν σκότῳ βιοτεύοντας, ὑπισχνεῖτο δὲ καὶ φόρους τελέσειν καὶ σύμμαχος ἔσεσθαι καὶ μηκέτι πολεμήσειν, καὶ ὁμήρους ἐπὶ τούτοις δοῦναι ἤθελεν.
Pressed by these things, Endymion sent messengers and implored them to demolish the structure and not to allow them to live in darkness, and promised both to pay tribute and to be an ally and no longer to make war, and was willing to give hostages for these things.
οἱ δὲ περὶ τὸν Φαέθοντα γενομένης δὶς ἐκκλησίας τῇ προτεραίᾳ μὲν οὐδὲν παρέλυσαν τῆς ὀργῆς, τῇ ὑστεραίᾳ δὲ μετέγνωσαν, καὶ ἐγένετο ἡ εἰρήνη ἐπὶ τούτοις· §1.20κατὰ τάδε συνθήκας ἐποιήσαντο Ἡλιῶται καὶ οἱ σύμμαχοι πρὸς Σεληνίτας καὶ τοὺς συμμάχους, ἐπὶ τῷ καταλῦσαι μὲν τοὺς Ἡλιώτας τὸ διατείχισμα καὶ μηκέτι ἐς τὴν σελήνην ἐσβάλλειν, ἀποδοῦναι δὲ καὶ τοὺς αἰχμαλώτους ῥητοῦ ἕκαστον χρήματος, τοὺς δὲ Σεληνίτας ἀφεῖναι μὲν αὐτονόμους τούς γε ἄλλους ἀστέρας, ὅπλα δὲ μὴ ἐπιφέρειν τοῖς Ἡλιώταις, συμμαχεῖν δὲ τῇ ἀλλήλων, ἤν τις ἐπίῃ· φόρον δὲ ὑποτελεῖν ἑκάστου ἔτους τὸν βασιλέα τῶν Σεληνιτῶν τῷ βασιλεῖ τῶν Ἡλιωτῶν δρόσου ἀμφορέας μυρίους, καὶ ὁμήρους δὲ σφῶν αὐτῶν δοῦναι μυρίους, τὴν δὲ ἀποικίαν τὴν ἐς τὸν Ἑωσφόρον κοινῇ ποιεῖσθαι, καὶ μετέχειν τῶν ἄλλων τὸν βουλόμενον· ἐγγράψαι δὲ τὰς συνθήκας στήλῃ ἠλεκτρίνῃ καὶ ἀναστῆσαι ἐν μέσῳ τῷ ἀέρι ἐπὶ τοῖς μεθορίοις.
Those around Phaethon, an assembly having been held twice, on the day before did not abate any of their anger, but on the next day they changed their minds, and peace was made on these terms: On the following terms the Heliotes and their allies made a treaty with the Selenites and their allies: on the condition that the Heliotes demolish the dividing wall and no longer invade the moon, and return the prisoners each for a fixed sum of money; and that the Selenites leave the other stars autonomous, and not bear arms against the Heliotes, and allied with each other if anyone should attack; and that the king of the Selenites pay a tribute every year to the king of the Heliotes of ten thousand amphorae of dew, and give ten thousand of themselves as hostages; and that they make the colony to the Morning Star in common, and anyone of the others who wishes may participate; and that they write the treaty on a pillar of amber and set it up in the middle of the air on the boundaries.
ὤμοσαν δὲ Ἡλιωτῶν μὲν Πυρωνίδης καὶ Θερείτης καὶ Φλόγιος, Σεληνιτῶν δὲ Νύκτωρ καὶ Μήνιος καὶ Πολυλάμπης.
And there swore of the Heliotes, Pyronides and Thereites and Phlogios; and of the Selenites, Nyktor and Menios and Polylampes.

Notes

  1. 1.17μὴ ἄρα — In the clause `ὥστε με εἰκάζειν, μὴ ἄρα...`, `μὴ ἄρα` (lest perhaps / whether indeed) introduces an indirect question expressing apprehension or conjecture, taking the indicative past verb `ὑπέλαβεν`.
  2. 1.18οὓς ἔδει πρὸ τῆς μάχης ἐλθεῖν τῷ Φαέθοντι — The impersonal verb `ἔδει` governs an accusative and infinitive construction, where the relative pronoun `οὕς` acts as the subject of `ἐλθεῖν`. The dative `τῷ Φαέθοντι` is interpreted either as a dative of advantage (for Phaethon) or expressing direction (to Phaethon).
  3. 1.20ἐπὶ τῷ καταλῦσαι μὲν τοὺς Ἡλιώτας τὸ διατείχισμα — The preposition `ἐπί` with the articular infinitive in the dative (`τῷ καταλῦσαι`) expresses the condition under which the treaty was made ("on the condition that..."). The accusative `τοὺς Ἡλιώτας` functions as the subject of the infinitive.

Cite this passage

Lucian, A True Story §1.17-1.20. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0062.tlg012.humanitext-grc2:1.17-1.20

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