Humanitext Reader

Lucian · A True Story §1.13-1.16

The Bizarre Armies of the Moon and the Sun

Passage 4 of 22 · Greek

Summary

The details of King Endymion's lunar army made of bizarre flora and fauna, the battlefield constructed by giant spiders, and the deployment of King Phaethon's monstrous solar army are described.

§1.13τότε μὲν οὖν παρʼ αὐτῷ ἑστιαθέντες ἐμείναμεν, ἕωθεν δὲ διαναστάντες ἐτασσόμεθα· καὶ γὰρ οἱ σκοποὶ ἐσήμαινον πλησίον εἶναι τοὺς πολεμίους.
Then indeed, having been entertained by him, we remained, and at dawn, having arisen, we drew up our lines; for indeed the scouts were signaling that the enemy was near.
τὸ μὲν οὖν πλῆθος τῆς στρατιᾶς δέκα μυριάδες ἐγένοντο ἄνευ τῶν σκευοφόρων καὶ τῶν μηχανοποιῶν καὶ τῶν πεζῶν καὶ τῶν ξένων συμμάχων· τούτων δὲ ὀκτακισμύριοι μὲν ἦσαν οἱ Ἱππόγυποι, δισμύριοι δὲ οἱ ἐπὶ τῶν Λαχανοπτέρων.
Now the multitude of the army amounted to one hundred thousand, without the baggage-carriers, the machine-makers, the infantry, and the foreign allies; of these, eighty thousand were the Hippogypoi, and twenty thousand were those upon the Lachanopteroi.
ὄρνεον δὲ καὶ τοῦτό ἐστι μέγιστον, ἀντὶ τῶν πτερῶν λαχάνοις πάντῃ λάσιον, τὰ δὲ ὠκύπτερα ἔχει θριδακίνης φύλλοις μάλιστα προσεοικότα.
This too is a very large bird, covered everywhere with vegetables instead of feathers, and it has its flight-feathers very closely resembling lettuce leaves.
ἐπὶ δὲ τούτοις οἱ Κεγχροβόλοι ἐτετάχατο καὶ οἱ Σκοροδομάχοι.
Next to these, the Kenchroboloi and the Skorodomachoi were stationed.
ἦλθον δὲ αὐτῷ καὶ ἀπὸ τῆς ἄρκτου σύμμαχοι, τρισμύριοι μὲν Ψυλλοτοξόται, πεντακισμύριοι δὲ Ἀνεμοδρόμοι· τούτων δὲ οἱ μὲν Ψυλλοτοξόται ἐπὶ ψυλλῶν μεγάλων ἱππάζονται, ὅθεν καὶ τὴν προσηγορίαν ἔχουσιν· μέγεθος δὲ τῶν ψυλλῶν ὅσον δώδεκα ἐλέφαντες·
There came to him also allies from the north, thirty thousand Psyllotoxotai and fifty thousand Anemodromoi; of these, the Psyllotoxotai ride upon large fleas, from which they also have their name; and the size of the fleas is as much as twelve elephants.
οἱ δὲ Ἀνεμοδρόμοι πεζοὶ μέν εἰσιν, φέρονται δὲ ἐν τῷ ἀέρι ἄνευ πτερῶν· ὁ δὲ τρόπος τῆς φορᾶς τοιόσδε. χιτῶνας ποδήρεις ὑπεζωσμένοι κολπώσαντες αὐτοὺς τῷ ἀνέμῳ καθάπερ ἱστία φέρονται ὥσπερ τὰ σκάφη.
The Anemodromoi are indeed infantry, but they are carried through the air without wings; and the manner of their carriage is as follows: having tucked up their ankle-length chitons and hollowed them out to the wind like sails, they are carried just like boats.
τὰ πολλὰ δʼ οἱ τοιοῦτοι ἐν ταῖς μάχαις πελτασταί εἰσιν.
For the most part, such men are peltasts in battles.
ἐλέγοντο δὲ καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν ὑπὲρ τὴν Καππαδοκίαν ἀστέρων ἥξειν Στρουθοβάλανοι μὲν ἑπτακισμύριοι, Ἱππογέρανοι δὲ πεντακισχίλιοι.
It was said also that from the stars above Cappadocia seventy thousand Strouthobalanoi would come, and five thousand Hippogeranoi.
τούτους ἐγὼ οὐκ ἐθεασάμην· οὐ γὰρ ἀφίκοντο.
These I did not behold, for they did not arrive.
διόπερ οὐδὲ γράψαι τὰς φύσεις αὐτῶν ἐτόλμησα· τεράστια γὰρ καὶ ἄπιστα περὶ αὐτῶν ἐλέγετο.
Therefore, I did not even dare to write about their natures, for monstrous and incredible things were said about them.
§1.14αὕτη μὲν ἡ τοῦ Ἐνδυμίωνος δύναμις ἦν.
This was the force of Endymion.
σκευὴ δὲ πάντων ἡ αὐτή κράνη μὲν ἀπὸ τῶν κυάμων, μεγάλοι γὰρ παρʼ αὐτοῖς οἱ κύαμοι καὶ καρτεροί· θώρακες δὲ φολιδωτοὶ πάντες θέρμινοι, τὰ γὰρ λέπη τῶν θέρμων συρράπτοντες ποιοῦνται θώρακας, ἄρρηκτον δὲ ἐκεῖ γίνεται τοῦ θέρμου τὸ λέπος ὥσπερ κέρας·
And the armor of all was the same: helmets indeed of beans, for the beans are large and strong among them; and cuirasses all scaly and made of lupines, for sewing together the husks of lupines they make cuirasses, and there the husk of the lupine becomes unbreakable like horn.
§1.15ἀσπίδες δὲ καὶ ξίφη οἷα τὰ Ἑλληνικά.
And their shields and swords were like those of the Greeks.
ἐπειδὴ δὲ καιρὸς ἦν, ἐτάξαντο ὧδε· τὸ μὲν δεξιὸν κέρας εἶχον οἱ Ἱππόγυποι καὶ ὁ βασιλεὺς τοὺς ἀρίστους περὶ αὑτὸν ἔχων· καὶ ἡμεῖς ἐν τούτοις ἦμεν·
And when it was time, they drew themselves up thus: the right wing was held by the Hippogypoi and the king, having the best about him; and we were among these.
τὸ δὲ εὐώνυμον οἱ Λαχανόπτεροι· τὸ μέσον δὲ οἱ σύμμαχοι ὡς ἑκάστοις ἐδόκει.
And the left wing was held by the Lachanopteroi, and the center by the allies as it seemed good to each.
τὸ δὲ πεζὸν ἦσαν μὲν ἀμφὶ τὰς ἑξακισχιλίας μυριάδας, ἐτάχθησαν δὲ οὕτως. ἀράχναι παρʼ αὐτοῖς πολλοὶ καὶ μεγάλοι γίνονται, πολὺ τῶν Κυκλάδων νήσων ἕκαστος μείζων.
And the infantry were about sixty million, and they were drawn up thus: spiders, many and large, are produced among them, each much larger than the Cyclades islands.
τούτοις προσέταξεν διυφῆναι τὸν μεταξὺ τῆς σελήνης καὶ τοῦ Ἑωσφόρου ἀέρα.
To these he gave orders to weave across the air between the moon and the Morning Star.
ὡς δὲ τάχιστα ἐξειργάσαντο καὶ πεδίον ἐποίησαν, ἐπὶ τούτου παρέταξε τὸ πεζόν· ἡγεῖτο δὲ αὐτῶν Νυκτερίων ὁ Εὐδιάνακτος τρίτος αὐτός.
And as soon as they had finished it and made a plain, upon this he drew up the infantry; and Nykterion, the son of Eudianax, was leading them, himself being the third.
§1.16τῶν δὲ πολεμίων τὸ μὲν εὐώνυμον εἶχον οἱ Ἱππομύρμηκες καὶ ὁ ἐν αὐτοῖς Φαέθων· θηρία δέ ἐστι μέγιστα, ὑπόπτερα, τοῖς παρʼ ἡμῖν μύρμηξι προσεοικότα πλὴν τοῦ μεγέθους· ὁ γὰρ μέγιστος αὐτῶν καὶ δίπλεθρος ἦν.
Of the enemy, the left wing was held by the Hippomyrmekes and Phaethon among them; these are very large, winged beasts, resembling the ants among us except for their size; for the largest of them was even two plethra long.
ἐμάχοντο δὲ οὐ μόνον οἱ ἐπʼ αὐτῶν, ἀλλὰ καὶ αὐτοὶ μάλιστα τοῖς κέρασιν· ἐλέγοντο δὲ οὗτοι εἶναι ἀμφὶ τὰς πέντε μυριάδας.
And not only did those upon them fight, but they themselves also, especially with their horns; and these were said to be about fifty thousand.
ἐπὶ δὲ τοῦ δεξιοῦ αὐτῶν ἐτάχθησαν οἱ Ἀεροκώνωπες, ὄντες καὶ οὗτοι ἀμφὶ τὰς πέντε μυριάδας, πάντες τοξόται κώνωψι μεγάλοις ἐποχούμενοι·
And upon their right wing were stationed the Aerokonopes, these too being about fifty thousand, all archers riding upon large mosquitoes.
μετὰ δὲ τούτους οἱ Ἀεροκόρδακες, ψιλοί τε ὄντες καὶ πεζοί, πλὴν μάχιμοί γε καὶ οὗτοι· πόρρωθεν γὰρ ἐσφενδόνων ῥαφανῖδας ὑπερμεγέθεις, καὶ ὁ βληθεὶς οὐδʼ ἐπʼ ὀλίγον ἀντέχειν ἐδύνατο, ἀπέθνησκε δέ, καὶ δυσωδίας τινὸς τῷ τραύματι ἐγγινομένης· ἐλέγοντο δὲ χρίειν τὰ βέλη μαλάχης ἰῷ.
And after these were the Aerokordakes, being light-armed and infantry, yet these too were indeed warlike; for from afar they slung exceedingly large radishes, and he who was hit could not hold out even for a little while, but died, a certain stench arising in the wound; and they were said to smear their missiles with the poison of mallow.
ἐχόμενοι δὲ αὐτῶν ἐτάχθησαν οἱ Καυλομύκητες, ὁπλῖται ὄντες καὶ ἀγχέμαχοι, τὸ πλῆθος μύριοι· ἐκλήθησαν δὲ Καυλομύκητες, ὅτι ἀσπίσι μὲν μυκητίναις ἐχρῶντο, δόρασι δὲ καυλίνοις τοῖς ἀπὸ τῶν ἀσπαράγων.
Next to them were stationed the Kaulomyketes, being hoplites and fighting at close quarters, ten thousand in number; and they were called Kaulomyketes because they used mushroom-like shields, and spears of stalks, those from asparagus.
πλησίον δὲ αὐτῶν οἱ Κυνοβάλανοι ἔστησαν, οὓς ἔπεμψαν αὐτῷ οἱ τὸν Σείριον κατοικοῦντες, πεντακισχίλιοι, ἄνδρες κυνοπρόσωποι ἐπὶ βαλάνων πτερωτῶν μαχόμενοι.
And near them the Kynobalanoi stood, whom the inhabitants of Sirius sent to him, five thousand, dog-faced men fighting upon winged acorns.
ἐλέγοντο δὲ κἀκείνῳ ὑστερίζειν τῶν συμμάχων οὕς τε ἀπὸ τοῦ Γαλαξίου μετεπέμπετο σφενδονήτας καὶ οἱ Νεφελοκένταυροι.
And it was said that for him too, those of the allies were lagging behind, both the slingers whom he had sent for from the Galaxy and the Nephelokentauroi.
ἀλλʼ ἐκεῖνοι μὲν τῆς μάχης ἤδη κεκριμένης ἀφίκοντο, ὡς μήποτε ὤφελον·
But those arrived when the battle was already decided, would that they never had!
οἱ σφενδονῆται δὲ οὐδὲ ὅλως παρεγένοντο, διόπερ φασὶν ὕστερον αὐτοῖς ὀργισθέντα τὸν Φαέθοντα πυρπολῆσαι τὴν χώραν.
And the slingers did not appear at all, wherefore they say that Phaethon, having afterwards been angry with them, burned down their country.

Notes

  1. 1.13ἐσήμαινον πλησίον εἶναι τοὺς πολεμίους — An accusative with infinitive construction following the verb ἐσήμαινον (imperfect of σημαίνω), where τοὺς πολεμίους functions as the subject accusative and εἶναι as the infinitive, indicating what the scouts were signaling.
  2. 1.13χιτῶνας ποδήρεις ὑπεζωσμένοι — The perfect middle-passive participle ὑπεζωσμένοι (from ὑποζώννυμι) functions here with a middle force (or retaining an accusative of clothing worn), directly governing the accusative plural object χιτῶνας.
  3. 1.15τρίτος αὐτός — The idiomatic construction of an ordinal number with αὐτός, which denotes the total number of people including the person mentioned. Thus, it means 'himself with two others' (i.e., three in total).
  4. 1.16καὶ δυσωδίας τινὸς τῷ τραύματι ἐγγινομένης — A genitive absolute construction with the genitive noun δυσωδίας τινὸς acting as the subject and the genitive participle ἐγγινομένης as the predicate, explaining the cause of the immediate death mentioned in the main clause.
  5. 1.16ὡς μήποτε ὤφελον — The second aorist ὤφελον (from ὀφείλω) used with the negative particle μή to express an unattainable wish in the past ('would that they never had...'). The infinitive of the verb of motion (such as ἀφικέσθαι) is understood but omitted.

Cite this passage

Lucian, A True Story §1.13-1.16. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0062.tlg012.humanitext-grc2:1.13-1.16

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