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Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §19.106.1-19.106.5

Hamilcar's Shipwreck and the Reorganization of His Army

Passage 183 of 301 · Greek

Summary

To counter the growing power of Agathocles, Carthage dispatches a large force under Hamilcar to Sicily, but suffers severe losses due to a sudden storm. After the disaster, Hamilcar successfully reorganizes his forces, restores the morale of his allies, and prepares for war.

§19.106.1κατὰ δὲ τὴν Σικελίαν ἀεὶ μᾶλλον αὐξομένου Ἀγαθοκλέους καὶ δυνάμεις ἁδροτέρας ἀθροίζοντος Καρχηδόνιοι πυνθανόμενοι τὸν δυνάστην συσκευαζόμενον τὰς ἐν τῇ νήσῳ πόλεις, ταῖς δὲ δυνάμεσιν ὑπερέχοντα τῶν σφετέρων στρατιωτῶν ἔδοξαν ἐνεργέστερον ἅψασθαι τοῦ πολέμου.
But in Sicily, as Agathocles was growing ever more powerful and collecting stronger forces, the Carthaginians, learning that the tyrant was subduing the cities on the island and surpassing their own soldiers in his forces, decided to engage in the war more vigorously.
§19.106.2εὐθὺς οὖν τριήρεις μὲν κατήρτησαν τριάκοντα πρὸς ταῖς ἑκατόν, στρατηγὸν δὲ προχειρισάμενοι τῶν παρʼ αὐτοῖς ἐπιφανεστάτων Ἀμίλκαν ἔδωκαν αὐτῷ τῶν μὲν πολιτικῶν στρατιωτῶν δισχιλίους, ἐν οἷς ἦσαν πολλοὶ καὶ τῶν ἐπιφανῶν, τῶν δʼ ἀπὸ τῆς Λιβύης μυρίους, ἐκ δὲ τῆς Τυρρηνίας μισθοφόρους χιλίους καὶ ζευγίππας διακοσίους, ἔτι δὲ Βαλιάρας σφενδονήτας χιλίους, ὁμοίως δὲ χρημάτων πλῆθος καὶ βελῶν καὶ σίτου καὶ τῶν ἄλλων τῶν εἰς πόλεμον χρησίμων τὴν καθήκουσαν παρασκευήν.
Immediately, therefore, they equipped one hundred and thirty triremes, and having chosen Hamilcar, one of their most illustrious citizens, as general, they gave him two thousand of the citizen soldiers, among whom were many of the illustrious, and ten thousand of those from Libya, and one thousand mercenaries from Tyrrhenia and two hundred cavalrymen, and further one thousand Balearic slingers, and likewise a great quantity of money, missiles, grain, and the proper preparation of other things useful for war.
§19.106.3ἀναχθέντος δʼ ἐκ τῆς Καρχηδόνος τοῦ στόλου παντὸς καὶ γενομένου πελαγίου χειμὼν ἐξαίφνης ἐπιπεσὼν ἑξήκοντα μὲν τριήρεις ἠφάνισε, διακόσια δὲ τῶν σιτηγῶν πλοίων διέφθειρεν· ὁ δὲ λοιπὸς στόλος μεγάλοις περιπεσὼν χειμῶσι μόλις διεσώθη πρὸς τὴν Σικελίαν.
When the entire fleet had put out from Carthage and reached the open sea, a storm suddenly fell upon them, destroying sixty triremes and ruining two hundred of the grain-transport ships; and the remaining fleet, having run into great storms, with difficulty saved itself and reached Sicily.
§19.106.4ἀπώλοντο δὲ καὶ τῶν ἐπιφανῶν Καρχηδονίων οὐκ ὀλίγοι, διʼ οὓς συνέβη τὴν πόλιν δημόσιον ἄρασθαι πένθος· εἰώθασι γάρ, ἐπειδὰν μείζων τις ἀτυχία γένηται περὶ τὴν πόλιν, μέλασι σακκίοις κατακαλύπτειν τὰ τείχη.
Not a few of the illustrious Carthaginians also perished, on whose account it happened that the city went into public mourning; for they are accustomed, whenever some major misfortune occurs to the city, to cover the walls with black sackcloth.
§19.106.5Ἀμίλκας δʼ ὁ στρατηγὸς ἀναλαβὼν τοὺς διασωθέντας ἐκ τοῦ χειμῶνος μισθοφόρους συνῆγε καὶ τῶν κατὰ Σικελίαν συμμάχων ἐστρατολόγει τοὺς εὐθέτους.
But Hamilcar the general, recovering the mercenaries who had been saved from the storm, assembled them and recruited the suitable men from the allies in Sicily.
παρέλαβε δὲ καὶ τὰς προϋπαρχούσας δυνάμεις καὶ πάντων τῶν εἰς πόλεμον εὐθέτων ἐπιμέλειαν ποιησάμενος ἐν ὑπαίθρῳ συνεῖχε τὰ στρατόπεδα, πεζοὺς μὲν ἔχων περὶ τοὺς τετρακισμυρίους, ἱππεῖς δὲ σχεδὸν πεντακισχιλίους.
He also took over the pre-existing forces, and having taken care of everything useful for war, he kept the armies in the field, having about forty thousand infantry and nearly five thousand cavalry.
ταχὺ δὲ τὴν γεγενημένην ἀτυχίαν διορθωσάμενος καὶ δόξας ἀγαθὸς εἶναι τῶν μὲν συμμάχων τὰς ψυχὰς προκαταπεπληγμένας ἀνεκτήσατο, τοῖς δὲ πολεμίοις οὐ τὴν τυχοῦσαν ἀγωνίαν ἐπέστησεν.
Quickly repairing the misfortune that had occurred, and being thought to be capable, he restored the spirits of the allies, which had been struck with fear beforehand, and brought no ordinary anxiety upon the enemy.

Notes

  1. 19.106.1πυνθανόμενοι τὸν δυνάστην συσκευαζόμενον... ὑπερέχοντα — The verb πυνθάνομαι ('to learn/hear') takes a participle in indirect discourse; here, the accusative subject τὸν δυνάστην is accompanied by the present participles συσκευαζόμενον and ὑπερέχοντα, meaning 'learning that the tyrant was subduing... and surpassing...'.
  2. 19.106.1ἔδοξαν — This is not an impersonal construction (e.g., 'it seemed good to them'), but the active aorist third-person plural of δοκέω agreeing with the main subject Καρχηδόνιοι. Combined with the infinitive ἅψασθαι, it means 'they decided to engage in'.
  3. 19.106.2ζευγίππας — While ζευγίππης literally means 'one who drives a pair of horses,' in Hellenistic military contexts it refers to a type of cavalryman who fought with a spare horse, or a specific class of heavy cavalry. It is treated here as a distinct combat role.
  4. 19.106.5οὐ τὴν τυχοῦσαν — The negative οὐ combined with the articular participle τὴν τυχοῦσαν (from τυγχάνω) is a common idiomatic expression of litotes, meaning 'not the ordinary' (i.e., 'extraordinary' or 'immense').

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §19.106.1-19.106.5. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc6:19.106.1-19.106.5

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