§18.6.1τῶν δὲ πρὸς μεσημβρίαν ἐστραμμένων πρώτη μὲν παρὰ τὸν Καύκασόν ἐστιν Ἰνδική, βασιλεία μεγάλη καὶ πολυάνθρωπος, οἰκουμένη δʼ ὑπὸ πλειόνων Ἰνδικῶν ἐθνῶν, ὧν ἐστι μέγιστον τὸ τῶν Γανδαριδῶν ἔθνος, ἐφʼ οὓς διὰ τὸ πλῆθος τῶν παρʼ αὐτοῖς ἐλεφάντων οὐκ ἐπεστράτευσεν ὁ Ἀλέξανδρος.
And of those turned toward the south, the first is India along the Caucasus, a great and populous kingdom, inhabited by many Indian nations, of which the greatest is the nation of the Gandaridae, against whom Alexander did not make an expedition on account of the multitude of elephants among them.
§18.6.2ὁρίζει δὲ τὴν χώραν ταύτην καὶ τὴν ἑξῆς Ἰνδικὴν ποταμὸς ὁ ὀνομαζόμενος Γάγγης, μέγιστος ὢν τῶν περὶ τοὺς τόπους καὶ τὸ πλάτος ἔχων σταδίων τριάκοντα.
This region and the adjacent India are bounded by the river called Ganges, which is the greatest of those in these regions and has a width of thirty stades.
ἐχομένη δὲ ταύτης ἡ λοιπὴ τῆς Ἰνδικῆς, ἣν κατεπολέμησεν ὁ Ἀλέξανδρος, ποταμίοις ὕδασι κατάρρυτος καὶ κατὰ τὴν εὐδαιμονίαν ἐπιφανεστάτη, καθʼ ἣν ὑπῆρχε σὺν ἄλλαις πλείοσι βασιλείαις ἥ τε τοῦ Πώρου καὶ Ταξίλου δυναστεία, διʼ ἧς συμβαίνει ῥεῖν τὸν Ἰνδὸν ποταμόν, ἀφʼ οὗ τὴν προσηγορίαν ἔσχεν ἡ χώρα.
Adjacent to this is the rest of India, which Alexander subdued, well-watered by river waters and most famous for its prosperity; within which existed, along with many other kingdoms, the principality of Porus and Taxiles, through which the Indus River happens to flow, from which the region received its name.
§18.6.3ἐχομένη δὲ τῆς Ἰνδικῆς ἀφώριστο σατραπείας Ἀραχωσία καὶ Κεδρωσία καὶ Καρμανία, πρὸς δὲ ταύταις Περσίς, ἐν ᾗ τὴν Σουσιανὴν καὶ Σιττακινὴν κεῖσθαι συμβέβηκεν· ἑξῆς δὲ Βαβυλωνία μέχρι τῆς κατὰ τὴν Ἀραβίαν ἀοικήτου·
And adjacent to India, Arachosia, Gedrosia, and Carmania were set apart as satrapies, and in addition to these, Persis, in which it happens that Susiana and Sittacine are situated; and next, Babylonia as far as the uninhabited land adjacent to Arabia.
ἐκ δὲ θατέρου μέρους, ἀφʼ οὗ ποιούμεθα τὴν ἀνάβασιν, Μεσοποταμία περιειλημμένη δυσὶ ποταμοῖς, τῷ τε Εὐφράτῃ καὶ Τίγριδι, διʼ οὓς τέτευχε ταύτης τῆς προσηγορίας·
And on the other side, from which we make our ascent, is Mesopotamia, enclosed by two rivers, the Euphrates and the Tigris, because of which it obtained this name.
ἐχομένη δὲ τῆς Βαβυλωνίας Συρία ἡ ἄνω καλουμένη καὶ αἱ συνεχεῖς ταύτῃ παραθαλάττιοι Κιλικία καὶ Παμφυλία καὶ ἡ Κοίλη Συρία, καθʼ ἣν ἡ Φοινίκη περιείληπται.
And adjacent to Babylonia is what is called Upper Syria, and the coastal regions continuous with this, Cilicia and Pamphylia and Coele-Syria, in which Phoenicia is enclosed.
παρὰ δὲ τὰ πέρατα τῆς Κοίλης Συρίας καὶ τὴν συνεχῶς κειμένην ἔρημον, καθʼ ἣν ὁ Νεῖλος φερόμενος ὁρίζει Συρίαν τε καὶ τὴν Αἴγυπτον, ἀπεδέδεικτο σατραπεία πασῶν ἀρίστη καὶ προσόδους ἔχουσα μεγάλας §18.6.4Αἴγυπτος.
And along the borders of Coele-Syria and the desert lying adjacent to it, through which the Nile flows and bounds both Syria and Egypt, there was established a satrapy, the best of all and having great revenues, Egypt.
πᾶσαι δʼ αὗται καυματώδεις εἰσίν, ὡς ἀντιπνέοντος τοῦ κατὰ μεσημβρίαν ἀέρος τῷ πρὸς ἄρκτους καθήκοντι.
All these are hot regions, as the southern air blows against that which extends toward the north.
αἱ μὲν οὖν ὑπʼ Ἀλεξάνδρου καταπολεμηθεῖσαι σατραπεῖαι τὸν εἰρημένον τρόπον κείμεναι διεμερίσθησαν τοῖς ἀξιολογωτάτοις τῶν ἀνδρῶν.
Now, the satrapies subdued by Alexander, being situated in the aforementioned manner, were divided among the most prominent men.