Humanitext Reader

Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §2.55.1-2.55.6

The Voyage of Iambulus and Arrival at the Island

Passage 155 of 406 · Greek

Summary

This chunk describes how the writer Iambulus was captured by Ethiopian pirates, sent out to the southern sea on a small boat as a purification ritual for the land, and arrived at a strange, round island after drifting for four months.

§2.55.1περὶ δὲ τῆς κατὰ τὸν ὠκεανὸν εὑρεθείσης νήσου κατὰ τὴν μεσημβρίαν καὶ τῶν κατʼ αὐτὴν παραδοξολογουμένων πειρασόμεθα συντόμως διελθεῖν, προεκθέμενοι τὰς αἰτίας τῆς εὑρέσεως ἀκριβῶς.
Concerning the island discovered in the ocean toward the south and the marvelous things told about it, we shall endeavor to treat them briefly, after first setting forth accurately the causes of its discovery.
§2.55.2Ἰαμβοῦλος ἦν ἐκ παίδων παιδείαν ἐζηλωκώς, μετὰ δὲ τὴν τοῦ πατρὸς τελευτὴν ὄντος ἐμπόρου καὶ αὐτὸς ἔδωκεν ἑαυτὸν ἐπὶ τὴν ἐμπορίαν· ἀναβαίνων δὲ διὰ τῆς Ἀραβίας ἐπὶ τὴν ἀρωματοφόρον ὑπό τινων λῃστῶν συνελήφθη μετὰ τῶν συνοδοιπόρων.
Iambulus from his childhood had zealously pursued education, and after the death of his father, who was a merchant, he also gave himself to trade; and while going up through Arabia to the spice-bearing region, he was captured by some robbers along with his fellow-travelers.
τὸ μὲν οὖν πρῶτον μετά τινος τῶν συνεαλωκότων ἀπεδείχθη νομεύς, ὕστερον δʼ ὑπό τινων Αἰθιόπων μετὰ τοῦ συνόντος λῃστευθεὶς ἀπήχθη πρὸς τὴν παραθαλάττιον τῆς Αἰθιοπίας.
At first, indeed, along with one of his fellow-captives, he was appointed a shepherd, but later, having been plundered by some Ethiopians along with his companion, he was carried off to the coast of Ethiopia.
§2.55.3οὗτοι δὲ συνηρπάγησαν εἰς καθαρμὸν τῆς χώρας, ὄντες ἀλλοεθνεῖς.
These men were carried off for a purification of the land, because they were foreigners.
νόμιμον γὰρ ἦν τοῖς τῇδε κατοικοῦσιν Αἰθίοψι παραδεδομένον ἐκ παλαιῶν χρόνων, χρησμοῖς θεῶν κεκυρωμένον, διὰ γενεῶν μὲν εἴκοσιν, ἐτῶν δʼ ἑξακοσίων, τῆς γενεᾶς ἀριθμουμένης τριακονταετοῦς· τοῦ δὲ καθαρμοῦ γινομένου δυσὶν ἀνθρώποις ἦν αὐτοῖς πλοιάριον κατεσκευασμένον τῷ μεγέθει σύμμετρον, τούς τʼ ἐν τῇ θαλάττῃ χειμῶνας ἀναφέρειν ἰσχῦον καὶ ῥᾳδίως ὑπὸ δυοῖν ἀνθρώπων ὑπηρετεῖσθαι δυνάμενον· εἰς δὲ τοῦτο τροφὴν δυσὶν ἀνθρώποις ἱκανὴν εἰς ἓξ μῆνας ἐνθέμενοι, καὶ τοὺς ἄνδρας ἐμβιβάσαντες, προσέταττον ἀνάγεσθαι κατὰ τὸν χρησμόν.
For there was a custom among the Ethiopians dwelling here, handed down from ancient times and confirmed by the oracles of the gods, recurring every twenty generations, or six hundred years, a generation being reckoned as thirty years; and when the purification was performed with two men, they had a boat constructed, proportionate in its size, capable of withstanding storms at sea and easily managed by two men; and having put into this food sufficient for two men for six months, and having put the men aboard, they ordered them to put to sea in accordance with the oracle.
πλεῖν δὲ διεκελεύοντο πρὸς τὴν μεσημβρίαν· §2.55.4ἥξειν γὰρ αὐτοὺς εἰς νῆσον εὐδαίμονα καὶ ἐπιεικεῖς ἀνθρώπους, παρʼ οἷς μακαρίως ζήσεσθαι.
And they commanded them to sail toward the south; for they said that they would come to a happy island and to reasonable people, among whom they would live blessedly.
ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ τὸ ἑαυτῶν ἔθνος ἔφασαν, ἐὰν μὲν οἱ πεμφθέντες εἰς τὴν νῆσον διασωθῶσιν, ἑξακοσίων ἐτῶν εἰρήνης καὶ βίου κατὰ πᾶν εὐδαίμονος ἀπολαύσειν· εἰ δὲ καταπλαγέντες τὸ μῆκος τοῦ πελάγους εἰς τοὐπίσω ποιήσονται τὸν πλοῦν, ὡς ἀσεβεῖς καὶ λυμεῶνας ὅλου τοῦ ἔθνους τιμωρίαις περιπεσεῖσθαι ταῖς μεγίσταις.
And in like manner they said that their own nation also, if those sent to the island should arrive safely, would enjoy six hundred years of peace and a life happy in every way; but if, terrified by the vastness of the open sea, they should turn their voyage backward, they would, as impious men and destroyers of the whole nation, fall into the greatest punishments.
§2.55.5τοὺς μὲν οὖν Αἰθίοπάς φασι μεγάλην πανήγυριν ἀγαγεῖν παρὰ τὴν θάλατταν, καὶ θυσίας μεγαλοπρεπεῖς ἐπιτελέσαντας καταστέψαι τοὺς σκεψομένους καὶ καθαρμὸν ποιησομένους τοῦ ἔθνους ἐξαποστεῖλαι.
So they say that the Ethiopians held a great festival by the sea, and having performed magnificent sacrifices, they crowned with wreaths those who were to investigate the island and perform the purification of the nation, and sent them away.
§2.55.6τούτους δὲ πλεύσαντας πέλαγος μέγα καὶ χειμασθέντας ἐν μησὶ τέτταρσι προσενεχθῆναι τῇ προσημανθείσῃ νήσῳ, στρογγύλῃ μὲν ὑπαρχούσῃ τῷ σχήματι, τὴν δὲ περίμετρον ἐχούσῃ σταδίων ὡς πεντακισχιλίων.
And these men, having sailed a great sea and been tossed by storms for four months, were carried to the foretold island, which was round in shape and had a circumference of about five thousand stades.

Notes

  1. 2.55.3διὰ γενεῶν μὲν εἴκοσιν — The preposition διὰ followed by the genitive case is used here to express a regular temporal interval ('every...'). Thus, 'every twenty generations' corresponds to and is paired with the subsequent phrase ἐτῶν δʼ ἑξακοσίων ('every six hundred years').
  2. 2.55.4παρʼ οἷς μακαρίως ζήσεσθαι — The future infinitive ζήσεσθαι is used within the relative clause introduced by οἷς, instead of an indicative verb. This is because the indirect discourse (depending on the implied or stated verb of saying like ἔφασαν) extends into the relative clause itself.

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §2.55.1-2.55.6. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc5:2.55.1-2.55.6

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

Translation, notes and summary are AI-generated drafts, revised through reader feedback.