§2.54.1τῆς δʼ ὅλης Ἀραβίας τὴν μὲν ἐπὶ μεσημβρίαν νεύουσαν εὐδαίμονα προσαγορεύουσι, τὴν δʼ ἐνδοτέρω κειμένην νέμεται πλῆθος Ἀράβων νομάδων καὶ σκηνίτην βίον ᾑρημένων.
Of the whole of Arabia, they call the part which inclines toward the south "Happy," while the part situated further inland is inhabited by a multitude of Arab nomads who have chosen a tent-dwelling life.
οὗτοι δὲ θρεμματοτροφοῦντες ἀγέλας μεγάλας βοσκημάτων ἐναυλίζονται πεδίοις ἀμετρήτοις.
These men, rearing great herds of cattle, encamp in immeasurable plains.
§2.54.2ἡ δʼ ἀνὰ μέσον ταύτης τε καὶ τῆς εὐδαίμονος Ἀραβίας ἔρημος καὶ ἄνυδρός ἐστι, καθάπερ προείρηται· τὰ δὲ πρὸς δυσμὰς μέρη κεκλιμένα τῆς Ἀραβίας διείληπται πεδίοις ἁμμώδεσιν ἀερίοις τὸ μέγεθος, διʼ ὧν οἱ τὰς ὁδοιπορίας ποιούμενοι καθάπερ οἱ ἐν τοῖς πελάγεσι πρὸς τὰς ἀπὸ τῶν ἄρκτων σημασίας τὴν διέξοδον ποιοῦνται.
But the land between this and "Happy" Arabia is desert and waterless, as has been said before; and the parts of Arabia which incline toward the west are intersected by sandy plains of vast size, through which those who make journeys, just like those on the seas, direct their course by the indications of the Bears.
§2.54.3τὸ δʼ ὑπολειπόμενον μέρος τῆς Ἀραβίας τὸ πρὸς τὴν Συρίαν κεκλιμένον πλήθει γεωργῶν καὶ παντοδαπῶν ἐμπόρων, οἳ διὰ τὰς τῶν φορτίων εὐκαίρους ἀντιδόσεις τὰ παρʼ ἀμφοτέροις σπανίζοντα πρὸς δαψίλειαν τῶν χρησίμων διορθοῦνται.
The remaining part of Arabia, which inclines toward Syria, abounds with a multitude of farmers and all kinds of merchants, who, through the timely exchange of their goods, remedy the scarcity of items among both peoples by producing an abundance of useful things.
§2.54.4ἡ δὲ παρὰ τὸν ὠκεανὸν Ἀραβία κεῖται μὲν ὑπεράνω τῆς εὐδαίμονος, ποταμοῖς δὲ πολλοῖς καὶ μεγάλοις διειλημμένη πολλοὺς ποιεῖ τόπους λιμνάζοντας καὶ μεγάλων ἑλῶν περιμέτρους.
The Arabia which lies along the ocean is situated above the "Happy" Arabia, and being intersected by many large rivers, it creates many flooded areas and extensive circuits of great marshes.
§2.54.5τοῖς δʼ ἐκ τῶν ποταμῶν ἐπακτοῖς ὕδασι καὶ τοῖς ἐκ τῶν θερινῶν ὄμβρων γινομένοις ἀρδεύοντες πολλὴν χώραν, καὶ διπλοῦς καρποὺς λαμβάνουσι.
And irrigating a large portion of the land with the waters drawn from the rivers and those resulting from the summer rains, they harvest double crops.
τρέφει δὲ ὁ τόπος οὗτος ἐλεφάντων ἀγέλας καὶ ἄλλα ζῷα κητώδη χερσαῖα καὶ δίμορφα, ταῖς ἰδέαις ἐξηλλαγμένα· πρὸς δὲ τούτοις θρεμμάτων παντοδαπῶν πλήθει, καὶ μάλιστα βοῶν καὶ προβάτων τῶν τὰς μεγάλας καὶ παχείας ἐχόντων οὐράς.
This region also rears herds of elephants and other huge, land-dwelling animals of double form, strange in their appearances; and in addition to these, it abounds with a multitude of all kinds of cattle, and especially of oxen and sheep that have large and thick tails.
§2.54.6πλεῖστα δὲ καὶ διαφορώτατα γένη καμήλων τρέφει, τῶν τε ψιλῶν καὶ δασέων καὶ διπλοῦν ἀνατετακότων τὸ κατὰ τὴν ῥάχιν κύρτωμα καὶ διὰ τοῦτο διτύλων ὀνομαζομένων, ὧν αἱ μὲν γάλα παρεχόμεναι καὶ κρεοφαγούμεναι πολλὴν παρέχονται τοῖς ἐγχωρίοις δαψίλειαν, αἱ δὲ πρὸς νωτοφορίαν ἠσκημέναι πυρῶν μὲν ἀνὰ δέκα μεδίμνους νωτοφοροῦσιν, ἀνθρώπους δὲ κατακειμένους ἐπὶ κλίνης πέντε βαστάζουσιν· αἱ δὲ ἀνάκωλοι καὶ λαγαραὶ ταῖς συστάσεσι δρομάδες εἰσί, καὶ διατείνουσι πλεῖστον ὁδοῦ μῆκος, καὶ μάλιστα πρὸς τὰς διὰ τῆς ἀνύδρου καὶ ἐρήμου συντελουμένας ὁδοιπορίας.
It also rears the greatest and most diverse kinds of camels, both the hairless and the shaggy, and those which have a double hump rising along their spine and are for this reason called two-humped. Of these, some provide milk and are eaten for meat, supplying a great abundance to the inhabitants, while others, trained for carrying burdens on their backs, carry up to ten medimnoi of wheat each, and bear five men lying on a litter; and those which are short-legged and slender in their build are dromedaries, and cover a very great distance of road, especially for journeys undertaken through the waterless and desert region.
§2.54.7αἱ δʼ αὐταὶ καὶ κατὰ τοὺς πολέμους εἰς τὰς μάχας ἔχουσαι τοξότας ἄγονται δύο ἀντικαθημένους ἀλλήλοις ἀντινώτους· τούτων δὲ ὁ μὲν τοὺς κατὰ πρόσωπον ἀπαντῶντας, ὁ δὲ τοὺς ἐπιδιώκοντας ἀμύνεται.
The same camels are also led into battle during wars, carrying two archers seated back to back; of these, one repels those who confront them face to face, while the other fends off those who pursue them.
περὶ μὲν οὖν τῆς Ἀραβίας καὶ τῶν ἐν αὐτῇ φυομένων εἰ καὶ πεπλεονάκαμεν, ἀλλʼ οὖν πολλὰ τοῖς φιλαναγνωστοῦσι πρὸς φιληκοΐαν ἀπηγγέλκαμεν.
Now, concerning Arabia and the things that grow in it, even if we have been somewhat redundant, we have nevertheless reported many things for the pleasure of those who are fond of reading.