§2.39.1περὶ μὲν οὖν τοῦ Διονύσου καὶ τῶν ἀπογόνων αὐτοῦ τοιαῦτα μυθολογοῦσιν οἱ τὴν ὀρεινὴν τῆς Ἰνδικῆς κατοικοῦντες.
Such, then, are the myths related by the inhabitants of the mountainous region of India concerning Dionysus and his descendants.
τόν τε Ἡρακλέα φασὶ παρ αὑτοῖς γεγενῆσθαι, καὶ παραπλησίως τοῖς Ἕλλησι τό τε ῥόπαλον καὶ τὴν λεοντῆν αὐτῷ προσάπτουσι.
They also say that Heracles was born among them, and, in a manner very similar to the Greeks, they attribute to him both the club and the lion’s skin.
§2.39.2τῇ δὲ τοῦ σώματος ῥώμῃ καὶ ἀλκῇ πολλῷ τῶν ἄλλων ἀνθρώπων διενεγκεῖν, καὶ καθαρὰν ποιῆσαι τῶν θηρίων γῆν τε καὶ θάλατταν.
They say that he far surpassed other men in strength of body and valor, and cleared both land and sea of wild beasts.
γήμαντα δὲ πλείους γυναῖκας υἱοὺς μὲν πολλούς, θυγατέρα δὲ μίαν γεννῆσαι, καὶ τούτων ἐνηλίκων γενομένων πᾶσαν τὴν Ἰνδικὴν διελόμενον εἰς ἴσας τοῖς τέκνοις μερίδας, ἅπαντας τοὺς υἱοὺς ἀποδεῖξαι βασιλέας, μίαν δὲ θυγατέρα θρέψαντα καὶ ταύτην βασίλισσαν ἀποδεῖξαι.
Having married several wives, he begot many sons but only one daughter; and when these had grown to adulthood, he divided the whole of India into equal shares for his children, appointing all his sons as kings, while he reared his single daughter and appointed her as queen.
§2.39.3κτίστην τε πόλεων οὐκ ὀλίγων γενέσθαι, καὶ τούτων τὴν ἐπιφανεστάτην καὶ μεγίστην προσαγορεῦσαι Παλίβοθρα.
They also relate that he became the founder of no small number of cities, and of these he named the most famous and largest Palibothra.
κατασκευάσαι δʼ ἐν αὐτῇ καὶ βασίλεια πολυτελῆ καὶ πλῆθος οἰκητόρων καθιδρῦσαι· τήν τε πόλιν ὀχυρῶσαι τάφροις ἀξιολόγοις ποταμίοις ὕδασι πληρουμέναις.
In this city, he also constructed costly palaces and settled a multitude of inhabitants; and he fortified the city with remarkable trenches filled with river water.
§2.39.4καὶ τὸν μὲν Ἡρακλέα τὴν ἐξ ἀνθρώπων μετάστασιν ποιησάμενον ἀθανάτου τυχεῖν τιμῆς, τοὺς δʼ ἀπογόνους αὐτοῦ βασιλεύσαντας ἐπὶ πολλὰς γενεὰς καὶ πράξεις ἀξιολόγους μεταχειρισαμένους μήτε στρατείαν ὑπερόριον ποιήσασθαι μήτε ἀποικίαν εἰς ἀλλοεθνεῖς ἀποστεῖλαι.
And while Heracles, after making his departure from among men, obtained immortal honor, his descendants, reigning for many generations and undertaking notable achievements, neither made any expedition beyond their borders nor sent out a colony to other nations.
ὕστερον δὲ πολλοῖς ἔτεσι τὰς πλείστας μὲν τῶν πόλεων δημοκρατηθῆναι, τινῶν δʼ ἐθνῶν τὰς βασιλείας διαμεῖναι μέχρι τῆς Ἀλεξάνδρου διαβάσεως·
But many years later, most of the cities adopted democratic governments, though the kingships of some nations remained until the crossing over of Alexander.
§2.39.5νομίμων δʼ ὄντων παρὰ τοῖς Ἰνδοῖς ἐνίων ἐξηλλαγμένων θαυμασιώτατον ἄν τις ἡγήσαιτο τὸ καταδειχθὲν ὑπὸ τῶν ἀρχαίων παρʼ αὐτοῖς φιλοσόφων· νενομοθέτηται γὰρ παρʼ αὐτοῖς δοῦλον μὲν μηδένα εἶναι τὸ παράπαν, ἐλευθέρους δʼ ὑπάρχοντας τὴν ἰσότητα τιμᾶν ἐν πᾶσι.
While there are some strange customs among the Indians, one might consider the most wonderful to be that which was established by their ancient philosophers; for it has been ordained by law among them that no one at all shall be a slave, but that, being free, they shall respect equality in all things.
τοὺς γὰρ μαθόντας μήθʼ ὑπερέχειν μήθʼ ὑποπίπτειν ἄλλοις κράτιστον ἕξειν βίον πρὸς ἁπάσας τὰς περιστάσεις· εὔηθες γὰρ εἶναι νόμους μὲν ἐπʼ ἴσης τιθέναι πᾶσι, τὰς δʼ οὐσίας ἀνωμάλους κατασκευάζειν.
For they believe that those who have learned neither to dominate others nor to subject themselves to others will have the best life for all circumstances; since it is foolish to establish laws on equal terms for all, yet to make their properties unequal.