§2.30.1οἱ δʼ οὖν Χαλδαῖοι τὴν μὲν τοῦ κόσμου φύσιν ἀίδιόν φασιν εἶναι καὶ μήτε ἐξ ἀρχῆς γένεσιν ἐσχηκέναι μήθʼ ὕστερον φθορὰν ἐπιδέξεσθαι, τὴν δὲ τῶν ὅλων τάξιν τε καὶ διακόσμησιν θείᾳ τινὶ προνοίᾳ γεγονέναι, καὶ νῦν ἕκαστα τῶν ἐν οὐρανῷ γινομένων οὐχ ὡς ἔτυχεν οὐδʼ αὐτομάτως ἀλλʼ ὡρισμένῃ τινὶ καὶ βεβαίως κεκυρωμένῃ θεῶν κρίσει συντελεῖσθαι.
Now the Chaldaeans say that the nature of the universe is eternal, and that it neither had a beginning from the start nor will it admit corruption later, and that the order and arrangement of the whole have arisen by a certain divine providence, and that now each of the things that happen in the heaven is accomplished not by chance nor spontaneously, but by a certain defined and firmly ratified judgment of the gods.
§2.30.2τῶν δʼ ἄστρων πολυχρονίους παρατηρήσεις πεποιημένοι, καὶ τὰς ἑκάστου κινήσεις τε καὶ δυνάμεις ἀκριβέστατα πάντων ἀνθρώπων ἐπεγνωκότες, πολλὰ τῶν μελλόντων συμβαίνειν προλέγουσι τοῖς ἀνθρώποις.
Having made long observations of the stars, and having recognized the movements and powers of each of them most accurately of all men, they predict many of the things that are going to happen to men.
§2.30.3μεγίστην δέ φασιν εἶναι θεωρίαν καὶ δύναμιν περὶ τοὺς πέντε ἀστέρας τοὺς πλάνητας καλουμένους, οὓς ἐκεῖνοι κοινῇ μὲν ἑρμηνεῖς ὀνομάζουσιν, ἰδίᾳ δὲ τὸν ὑπὸ τῶν Ἑλλήνων Κρόνον ὀνομαζόμενον, ἐπιφανέστατον δὲ καὶ πλεῖστα καὶ μέγιστα προσημαίνοντα, καλοῦσιν ἡλίου· τοὺς δʼ ἄλλους τέτταρας ὁμοίως τοῖς παρʼ ἡμῖν ἀστρολόγοις ὀνομάζουσιν, §2.30.4Ἄρεος, Ἀφροδίτης, Ἑρμοῦ, Διός.
And they say that there is the greatest observation and power concerning the five stars called planets, which they commonly name "interpreters," but individually they call the one named Cronos by the Greeks, which is the most conspicuous and portends the most and greatest things, "the star of Helios"; the other four they name similarly to the astrologers among us, the star of Ares, of Aphrodite, of Hermes, and of Zeus.
διὰ τοῦτο δʼ αὐτοὺς ἑρμηνεῖς καλοῦσιν, ὅτι τῶν ἄλλων ἀστέρων ἀπλανῶν ὄντων καὶ τεταγμένῃ πορείᾳ μίαν περιφορὰν ἐχόντων οὗτοι μόνοι πορείαν ἰδίαν ποιούμενοι τὰ μέλλοντα γίνεσθαι δεικνύουσιν, ἑρμηνεύοντες τοῖς ἀνθρώποις τὴν τῶν θεῶν ἔννοιαν.
They call them interpreters for this reason, that while the other stars are fixed and have one revolution in an ordered course, these alone, making a peculiar course of their own, show the things that are going to happen, interpreting to men the intent of the gods.
τὰ μὲν γὰρ διὰ τῆς ἀνατολῆς, τὰ δὲ διὰ τῆς δύσεως, τινὰ δὲ διὰ τῆς χρόας προσημαίνειν φασὶν αὐτοὺς τοῖς προσέχειν ἀκριβῶς βουληθεῖσι·
For they say that they portend some things by their rising, some by their setting, and some by their color, to those who wish to attend closely.
§2.30.5ποτὲ μὲν γὰρ πνευμάτων μεγέθη δηλοῦν αὐτούς, ποτὲ δὲ ὄμβρων ἢ καυμάτων ὑπερβολάς, ἔστι δὲ ὅτε κομητῶν ἀστέρων ἐπιτολάς, ἔτι δὲ ἡλίου τε καὶ σελήνης ἐκλείψεις, καὶ σεισμούς, καὶ τὸ σύνολον πάσας τὰς ἐκ τοῦ περιέχοντος γεννωμένας περιστάσεις ὠφελίμους τε καὶ βλαβερὰς οὐ μόνον ἔθνεσιν ἢ τόποις, ἀλλὰ καὶ βασιλεῦσι καὶ τοῖς τυχοῦσιν ἰδιώταις.
For they say that sometimes they show greatness of winds, sometimes excesses of rains or of heat, and sometimes the risings of comets, and further, eclipses of the sun and the moon, and earthquakes, and in general all the circumstances generated from the surrounding air, both beneficial and harmful, not only to nations or regions, but also to kings and to ordinary private citizens.
§2.30.6ὑπὸ δὲ τὴν τούτων φορὰν λέγουσι τετάχθαι τριάκοντα ἀστέρας, οὓς προσαγορεύουσι βουλαίους θεούς· τούτων δὲ τοὺς μὲν ἡμίσεις τοὺς ὑπὲρ γῆν τόπους ἐφορᾶν, τοὺς δʼ ἡμίσεις τοὺς ὑπὸ τὴν γῆν, τὰ κατʼ ἀνθρώπους ἐπισκοποῦντας ἅμα καὶ τὰ κατὰ τὸν οὐρανὸν συμβαίνοντα·
And they say that under the course of these are ordered thirty stars, which they address as "counselor gods"; of these, half look upon the regions above the earth, and half upon those under the earth, observing both the affairs of men and at the same time the things that happen in the heaven.
διὰ δʼ ἡμερῶν δέκα πέμπεσθαι τῶν μὲν ἄνω πρὸς τοὺς κάτω καθάπερ ἄγγελον ἕνα τῶν ἀστέρων, τῶν δʼ ὑπὸ γῆν πρὸς τοὺς ἄνω πάλιν ὁμοίως ἕνα, καὶ ταύτην ἔχειν αὐτοὺς φορὰν ὡρισμένην καὶ περιόδῳ κεκυρωμένην αἰωνίῳ.
And every ten days, one of the stars is sent from those above to those below like a messenger, and similarly another again from those under the earth to those above, and they have this course defined and ratified by an eternal period.
§2.30.7τῶν θεῶν δὲ τούτων κυρίους εἶναί φασι δώδεκα τὸν ἀριθμόν, ὧν ἑκάστῳ μῆνα καὶ τῶν δώδεκα λεγομένων ζῳδίων ἓν προσνέμουσι.
And they say that the lords of these gods are twelve in number, to each of whom they assign a month and one of the twelve called zodiac signs.
διὰ δὲ τούτων φασὶ ποιεῖσθαι τὴν πορείαν τόν τε ἥλιον καὶ τὴν σελήνην καὶ πέντε τοὺς πλάνητας ἀστέρας, τοῦ μὲν ἡλίου τὸν ἴδιον κύκλον ἐν ἐνιαυτῷ τελοῦντος, τῆς δὲ σελήνης ἐν μηνὶ τὴν ἰδίαν περίοδον διαπορευομένης.
And they say that through these the sun and the moon and the five planets make their course, while the sun completes its own circle in a year, and the moon passes through its own period in a month.