§1.88.1τὸν δὲ τράγον ἀπεθέωσαν, καθάπερ καὶ παρὰ τοῖς Ἕλλησι τετιμῆσθαι λέγουσι τὸν Πρίαπον, διὰ τὸ γεννητικὸν μόριον· τὸ μὲν γὰρ ζῷον εἶναι τοῦτο κατωφερέστατον πρὸς τὰς συνουσίας, τὸ δὲ μόριον τοῦ σώματος τὸ τῆς γενέσεως αἴτιον τιμᾶσθαι προσηκόντως, ὡς ἂν ὑπάρχον ἀρχέγονον τῆς τῶν ζῴων φύσεως.
They deified the male goat, just as they say Priapus is honored among the Greeks, because of the generative organ; for they say this animal is most lustful toward copulation, and that member of the body which is the cause of generation is fittingly honored, as existing as the primeval element of the nature of animals.
§1.88.2καθόλου δὲ τὸ αἰδοῖον οὐκ Αἰγυπτίους μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῶν ἄλλων οὐκ ὀλίγους καθιερωκέναι κατὰ τὰς τελετάς, ὡς αἴτιον τῆς τῶν ζῴων γενέσεως· τούς τε ἱερεῖς τοὺς παραλαβόντας τὰς πατρικὰς ἱερωσύνας κατʼ Αἴγυπτον τούτῳ τῷ θεῷ πρῶτον μυεῖσθαι.
In general, not only the Egyptians but also not a few of the other peoples have consecrated the private parts in their initiations, as being the cause of the generation of animals; and the priests who inherit the ancestral priesthoods in Egypt are first initiated into the mysteries of this god.
§1.88.3καὶ τοὺς Πᾶνας δὲ καὶ τοὺς Σατύρους φασὶν ἕνεκα τῆς αὐτῆς αἰτίας τιμᾶσθαι παρʼ ἀνθρώποις· διὸ καὶ τὰς εἰκόνας αὐτῶν ἀνατιθέναι τοὺς πλείστους ἐν τοῖς ἱεροῖς ἐντεταμένας καὶ τῇ τοῦ τράγου φύσει παραπλησίας·
And they say that the Pans and the Satyrs also are honored among humans for the same reason; wherefore most people set up their images in the temples erect and similar to the nature of the male goat.
τὸ γὰρ ζῷον τοῦτο παραδεδόσθαι πρὸς τὰς συνουσίας ὑπάρχειν ἐνεργέστατον· ἐκείνοις οὖν διὰ ταύτης τῆς ἐμφάσεως χάριν ἀποδιδόναι περὶ τῆς πολυτεκνίας τῆς ἑαυτῶν.
For they say this animal is handed down as being most active in copulation; therefore, through this representation, they render thanks to them for their own fertility.
§1.88.4τοὺς δὲ ταύρους τοὺς ἱερούς, λέγω δὲ τόν τε Ἆπιν καὶ τὸν Μνεῦιν, τιμᾶσθαι παραπλησίως τοῖς θεοῖς, Ὀσίριδος καταδείξαντος, ἅμα μὲν διὰ τὴν τῆς γεωργίας χρείαν, ἅμα δὲ καὶ διὰ τὸ τῶν εὑρόντων τοὺς καρποὺς τὴν δόξαν ταῖς τούτων ἐργασίαις παραδόσιμον γεγονέναι τοῖς μεταγενεστέροις εἰς ἅπαντα τὸν αἰῶνα.
And the sacred bulls, I mean both Apis and Mnevis, are honored in a manner similar to the gods, Osiris having established this, partly because of their usefulness in agriculture, and partly because the glory of those who discovered the fruits has been handed down to posterity for all eternity through the labors of these animals.
τοὺς δὲ πυρροὺς βοῦς συγχωρηθῆναι θύειν διὰ τὸ δοκεῖν τοιοῦτον τῷ χρώματι γεγονέναι Τυφῶνα τὸν ἐπιβουλεύσαντα μὲν Ὀσίριδι, τυχόντα δὲ τιμωρίας ὑπὸ τῆς Ἴσιδος διὰ τὸν τἀνδρὸς φόνον.
And they are allowed to sacrifice red oxen because Typhon, who plotted against Osiris and met with punishment by Isis for the murder of her husband, is thought to have been of such a color.
§1.88.5καὶ τῶν ἀνθρώπων δὲ τοὺς ὁμοχρωμάτους τῷ Τυφῶνι τὸ παλαιὸν ὑπὸ τῶν βασιλέων φασὶ θύεσθαι πρὸς τῷ τάφῳ τῷ Ὀσίριδος· τῶν μὲν οὖν Αἰγυπτίων ὀλίγους τινὰς εὑρίσκεσθαι πυρρούς, τῶν δὲ ξένων τοὺς πλείους· διὸ καὶ περὶ τῆς Βουσίριδος ξενοκτονίας παρὰ τοῖς Ἕλλησιν ἐνισχῦσαι τὸν μῦθον, οὐ τοῦ βασιλέως ὀνομαζομένου Βουσίριδος, ἀλλὰ τοῦ Ὀσίριδος τάφου ταύτην ἔχοντος τὴν προσηγορίαν κατὰ τὴν τῶν ἐγχωρίων διάλεκτον.
And they say that in ancient times men of the same color as Typhon were sacrificed by the kings at the tomb of Osiris; now, among the Egyptians, only a few red-haired or red-skinned ones are found, but among foreigners, the majority; wherefore also the myth about the slaughter of foreigners by Busiris prevailed among the Greeks, not because there was a king named Busiris, but because the tomb of Osiris had this appellation according to the dialect of the natives.
§1.88.6τοὺς δὲ λύκους τιμᾶσθαι λέγουσι διὰ τὴν πρὸς τοὺς κύνας τῆς φύσεως ὁμοιότητα· βραχὺ γὰρ διαλάττοντας αὐτοὺς ταῖς φύσεσι ταῖς ἐπιμιξίαις ζωογονεῖν ἐξ ἀλλήλων.
And they say that wolves are honored because of the similarity of their nature to dogs; for differing but little in their natures, they generate from one another by interbreeding.
φέρουσι δʼ Αἰγύπτιοι καὶ ἄλλην αἰτίαν τῆς τοῦ ζῴου τούτου τιμῆς μυθικωτέραν· τὸ γὰρ παλαιόν φασι τῆς Ἴσιδος μετὰ τοῦ παιδὸς Ὥρου μελλούσης διαγωνίζεσθαι πρὸς Τυφῶνα παραγενέσθαι βοηθὸν ἐξ ᾅδου τὸν Ὄσιριν τῷ τέκνῳ καὶ τῇ γυναικὶ λύκῳ τὴν ὄψιν ὁμοιωθέντα· ἀναιρεθέντος οὖν τοῦ Τυφῶνος τοὺς κρατήσαντας καταδεῖξαι τιμᾶν τὸ ζῷον οὗ τῆς ὄψεως ἐπιφανείσης τὸ νικᾶν ἐπηκολούθησεν.
And the Egyptians bring forward another more mythical reason for the honor of this animal; for they say that in ancient times, when Isis was about to fight to the end against Typhon with her son Horus, Osiris came from Hades as a helper to his child and wife, having likened his appearance to a wolf; therefore, when Typhon was destroyed, those who conquered established the practice of honoring the animal upon whose appearance victory followed.
§1.88.7ἔνιοι δὲ λέγουσι, τῶν Αἰθιόπων στρατευσάντων ἐπὶ τὴν Αἴγυπτον, ἀθροισθείσας παμπληθεῖς ἀγέλας λύκων ἐκδιῶξαι τοὺς ἐπελθόντας ἐκ τῆς χώρας ὑπὲρ πόλιν τὴν ὀνομαζομένην Ἐλεφαντίνην· διὸ καὶ τόν τε νομὸν ἐκεῖνον Λυκοπολίτην ὀνομασθῆναι καὶ τὰ ζῷα τὰ προειρημένα τυχεῖν τῆς τιμῆς.
And some say that, when the Ethiopians campaigned against Egypt, assembled multitudes of packs of wolves drove the invaders out of the country beyond the city called Elephantine; wherefore also that district was named Lycopolite and the aforementioned animals obtained this honor.