§1.52.1ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ὁ μὲν Νεῖλος οὐχ ὡρισμένας ἐποιεῖτο τὰς ἀναβάσεις, ἡ δὲ χώρα τὴν εὐκαρπίαν παρεσκεύαζεν ἀπὸ τῆς ἐκείνου συμμετρίας, εἰς ὑποδοχὴν τοῦ πλεονάζοντος ὕδατος ὤρυξε τὴν λίμνην, ὅπως μήτε διὰ τὸ πλῆθος τῆς ῥύσεως ἐπικλύζων ἀκαίρως τὴν χώραν ἕλη καὶ λίμνας κατασκευάζῃ, μήτʼ ἐλάττω τοῦ συμφέροντος τὴν πλήρωσιν ποιούμενος τῇ λειψυδρίᾳ τοὺς καρποὺς λυμαίνηται.
For since the Nile did not make its rises at fixed times, and the country derived its fertility from the moderation of its rise, he dug the lake for the reception of the excess water, so that he might neither, by flooding the country untimely due to the abundance of the flow, create marshes and swamps, nor, by making the filling less than what was beneficial, ruin the crops through lack of water.
§1.52.2καὶ διώρυχα μὲν ἐκ τοῦ ποταμοῦ κατεσκεύασεν εἰς τὴν λίμνην ὀγδοήκοντα μὲν σταδίων τὸ μῆκος, τρίπλεθρον δὲ τὸ πλάτος· διὰ δὲ ταύτης ποτὲ μὲν δεχόμενος τὸν ποταμόν, ποτὲ δʼ ἀποστρέφων, παρείχετο τοῖς γεωργοῖς τὴν τῶν ὑδάτων εὐκαιρίαν, ἀνοιγομένου τοῦ στόματος καὶ πάλιν κλειομένου φιλοτέχνως καὶ πολυδαπάνως· οὐκ ἐλάττω γὰρ τῶν πεντήκοντα ταλάντων δαπανᾶν ἦν ἀνάγκη τὸν ἀνοῖξαι βουλόμενον ἢ κλεῖσαι τὸ προειρημένον κατασκεύασμα
And he constructed a canal from the river to the lake, eighty stades in length and three plethra in width; and through this, sometimes receiving the river and sometimes turning it away, he provided the farmers with the timely use of the waters, the mouth being opened and closed again with great skill and at great expense; for it was necessary for anyone who wished to open or close the aforementioned structure to spend no less than fifty talents.
§1.52.3διαμεμένηκε δʼ ἡ λίμνη τὴν εὐχρηστίαν παρεχομένη τοῖς κατʼ Αἴγυπτον ἕως τῶν καθʼ ἡμᾶς χρόνων, καὶ τὴν προσηγορίαν ἀπὸ τοῦ κατασκευάσαντος ἔχει, §1.52.4καλουμένη μέχρι τοῦ νῦν Μοίριδος λίμνη.
And the lake has remained, providing its utility to the people of Egypt down to our own times, and it has its name from the one who constructed it, being called down to the present day the Lake of Moeris.
ὁ δʼ οὖν βασιλεὺς ὀρύττων ταύτην κατέλιπεν ἐν μέσῃ τόπον, ἐν ᾧ τάφον ᾠκοδόμησε καὶ δύο πυραμίδας, τὴν μὲν ἑαυτοῦ, τὴν δὲ τῆς γυναικός, σταδιαίας τὸ ὕψος, ἐφʼ ὧν ἐπέστησεν εἰκόνας λιθίνας καθημένας ἐπὶ θρόνου, νομίζων διὰ τούτων τῶν ἔργων ἀθάνατον ἑαυτοῦ καταλείψειν τὴν ἐπʼ ἀγαθῷ μνήμην.
The king, at any rate, when digging it, left a place in the middle, in which he built a tomb and two pyramids, one for himself and the other for his wife, a stade in height, upon which he set stone statues seated upon a throne, thinking that by these works he would leave behind an immortal memory of himself for his good deeds.
§1.52.5τὴν δʼ ἐκ τῆς λίμνης ἀπὸ τῶν ἰχθύων γινομένην πρόσοδον ἔδωκε τῇ γυναικὶ πρὸς μύρα καὶ τὸν ἄλλον καλλωπισμόν, φερούσης τῆς θήρας ἀργυρίου τάλαντον ἑκάστης ἡμέρας· §1.52.6εἴκοσι γὰρ καὶ δύο γένη τῶν κατʼ αὐτήν φασιν ἰχθύων εἶναι, καὶ τοσοῦτον αὐτῶν ἁλίσκεσθαι πλῆθος ὥστε τοὺς προσκαρτεροῦντας ταῖς ταριχείαις ὄντας παμπληθεῖς δυσχερῶς περιγίνεσθαι τῶν ἔργων.
And the revenue arising from the fish of the lake he gave to his wife for her ointments and other adornments, the catch bringing in a talent of silver every day; for they say that there are twenty-two kinds of fish in it, and that such a multitude of them is caught that those who apply themselves to the salting, though they are very numerous, have difficulty in getting through the work.
περὶ μὲν οὖν Μοίριδος τοσαῦθʼ ἱστοροῦσιν Αἰγύπτιοι.
Now concerning Moeris, this is what the Egyptians relate.