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Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §15.8.1-15.8.5

Evagoras' Peace Negotiations and Arrest of Tiribazus

Passage 420 of 723 · Greek

Summary

Evagoras returns to Cyprus and attempts peace negotiations, but fails due to Tiribazus's harsh demands; subsequently, Orontes secretly accuses Tiribazus to Artaxerxes, leading to Tiribazus's arrest.

§15.8.1ἐπʼ ἄρχοντος δʼ Ἀθήνησι Δεξιθέου Ῥωμαῖοι κατέστησαν ὑπάτους Λεύκιον Λουκρήτιον καὶ Σερούιον Σουλπίκιον.
When Dexitheus was archon in Athens, the Romans appointed Lucius Lucretius and Servius Sulpicius as consuls.
ἐπὶ δὲ τούτων Εὐαγόρας μὲν ὁ τῶν Σαλαμινίων βασιλεὺς ἧκεν εἰς Κύπρον ἐξ Αἰγύπτου, κομίζων χρήματα παρὰ Ἀκόριδος τοῦ βασιλέως Αἰγύπτου ἐλάττονα τῶν προσδοκηθέντων.
During their term of office, Evagoras, the king of the Salaminians, came to Cyprus from Egypt, bringing from Acoris, the king of Egypt, less money than had been expected.
καταλαβὼν δὲ τὴν Σαλαμῖνα πολιορκουμένην ἐνεργῶς, καὶ ὑπὸ τῶν συμμάχων καταλειπόμενος, ἠναγκάσθη πρεσβεῦσαι περὶ συλλύσεως.
Finding Salamis actively besieged and being abandoned by his allies, he was forced to send an embassy concerning a settlement.
§15.8.2ὁ δὲ Τιρίβαζος τῶν ὅλων ἔχων τὴν ἡγεμονίαν ἔφησε συγχωρῆσαι τὴν σύλλυσιν, ἐὰν Εὐαγόρας ἐκχωρήσῃ πασῶν τῶν κατὰ τὴν Κύπρον πόλεων, αὐτῆς δὲ μόνης τῆς Σαλαμῖνος βασιλεύων τελῇ τῷ Περσῶν βασιλεῖ κατʼ ἐνιαυτὸν φόρον ὡρισμένον καὶ ποιῇ τὸ προσταττόμενον ὡς δοῦλος δεσπότῃ.
Tiribazus, who had the supreme command of the whole enterprise, said that he would agree to the settlement if Evagoras should withdraw from all the cities throughout Cyprus, and, ruling over Salamis alone, should pay a fixed tribute annually to the king of the Persians and do what was commanded as a slave to his master.
§15.8.3ὁ δʼ Εὐαγόρας, καίπερ βαρείας οὔσης τῆς αἱρέσεως, τὰ μὲν ἄλλα πάντα συνεχώρει, τὸ δʼ ὡς δοῦλον δεσπότῃ ποιεῖν τὸ προσταττόμενον ἀντέλεγεν, ἔφη δὲ αὑτὸν ὡς βασιλέα βασιλεῖ δεῖν ὑποτετάχθαι.
But Evagoras, although the condition was harsh, agreed to all the other terms, but he objected to doing what was commanded as a slave to a master, and said that he ought to be subject as a king to a king.
οὐ συγχωροῦντος δὲ τοῦ Τιριβάζου, Ὀρόντης ὁ ἕτερος στρατηγός, φθονῶν τῇ δόξῃ τοῦ Τιριβάζου, γράμματα λάθρᾳ πρὸς τὸν Ἀρταξέρξην ἔπεμψε κατὰ τοῦ Τιριβάζου.
Since Tiribazus would not yield, Orontes, the other general, envying the reputation of Tiribazus, secretly sent letters to Artaxerxes against Tiribazus.
§15.8.4κατηγόρει δʼ αὐτοῦ πρῶτον μὲν ὅτι δυνάμενος ἑλεῖν τὴν Σαλαμῖνα τοῦτο μὲν οὐ συντελεῖ, πρεσβείας δὲ προσδέχεται παρʼ αὐτοῦ καὶ συλλαλεῖ περὶ κοινοπραγίας, ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ πρὸς Λακεδαιμονίους συντίθεται συμμαχίαν ἰδίᾳ, φίλος ὢν αὐτῶν· ὡς καὶ Πυθώδε τινὰς ἔπεμψεν ἐρησομένους τὸν θεὸν περὶ τῆς ἐπαναστάσεως, τὸ δὲ μέγιστον, ὅτι τοὺς ἡγεμόνας τῶν δυνάμεων ἰδίους εὐνοίαις κατασκευάζει, τιμαῖς καὶ δωρεαῖς, ἔτι δʼ ἐπαγγελίαις προσαγόμενος.
He accused him, first, that although he was able to capture Salamis, he was not accomplishing this, but was receiving embassies from him and conversing with him about common action; and likewise also that he was privately concluding an alliance with the Lacedaemonians, being their friend; and that he had even sent certain persons to Pytho to consult the god concerning his rebellion; and, what was greatest of all, that he was making the commanders of the forces personally loyal to himself, winning them over with honors and gifts, and furthermore with promises.
§15.8.5ὁ δὲ βασιλεὺς ἀναγνοὺς τὴν ἐπιστολὴν καὶ πιστεύσας ταῖς διαβολαῖς, ἔγραψε τῷ Ὀρόντῃ συλλαβεῖν τὸν Τιρίβαζον καὶ πρὸς ἑαυτὸν ἀποστεῖλαι.
And the king, having read the letter and believed the senders' slanders, wrote to Orontes to arrest Tiribazus and send him to him.
οὗ πράξαντος τὸ προσταχθέν, ὁ μὲν Τιρίβαζος ἀναχθεὶς ὡς τὸν βασιλέα καὶ κρίσεως τυχεῖν ἀξιώσας κατὰ μὲν τὸ παρὸν παρεδόθη εἰς φυλακήν, μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα τοῦ βασιλέως ἔχοντος πόλεμον πρὸς Καδουσίους καὶ τὴν κρίσιν ἀναβαλλομένου, διείλκετο τὰ περὶ τοῦ δικαστηρίου.
When Orontes had done what was commanded, Tiribazus, having been brought up to the king and having demanded to receive a trial, was for the present delivered into custody; but after this, since the king was engaged in a war against the Cadusians and was postponing the trial, the matter of the court was dragged out.

Notes

  1. 15.8.1τῶν προσδοκηθέντων — A genitive of comparison following the comparative adjective `ἐλάττονα`. It is a substantivized neuter plural participle meaning 'the things that had been expected'.
  2. 15.8.1καταλαβὼν δὲ τὴν Σαλαμῖνα πολιορκουμένην — The verb `καταλαμβάνω` (to find/discover) takes a participle in the predicate position (here, the present passive participle `πολιορκουμένην`) as an object complement, meaning 'finding Salamis being besieged'.
  3. 15.8.3τὸ δʼ ὡς δοῦλον δεσπότῃ ποιεῖν τὸ προσταττόμενον — The entire articular infinitive phrase `τὸ ... ποιεῖν` functions as the direct object of the transitive verb `ἀντέλεγεν` (objected to / spoke against).
  4. 15.8.4ἐρησομένους — The future participle (from `ἔρομαι`) is used to express purpose after a verb of motion (`ἔπεμψεν`), translated as 'in order to ask'.
  5. 15.8.5οὗ πράξαντος τὸ προσταχθέν — A genitive absolute construction beginning with the relative pronoun `οὗ`. This acts as a relative connection (linking relative), where the relative pronoun refers back to the person (Orontes) or action in the preceding sentence, connecting the clauses like a demonstrative ('when he...').

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §15.8.1-15.8.5. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc4:15.8.1-15.8.5

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