Humanitext Reader

Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §15.9.1-15.9.5

End of the Cyprian War and the Revolt of Glus

Passage 421 of 723 · Greek

Summary

Orontes, fearing the unrest of his soldiers, concluded peace on the terms desired by Evagoras, ending the Cyprian War. Meanwhile, Glus, the fleet commander who feared for his safety due to Tiribazus' arrest, decided to revolt against the king and formed alliances with Egypt and Sparta.

§15.9.1ὁ δʼ Ὀρόντης διαδεξάμενος τὴν ἡγεμονίαν τῶν ἐν τῇ Κύπρῳ δυνάμεων, καὶ τὸν Εὐαγόραν πάλιν τεθαρρηκότως ὁρῶν ὑπομένοντα τὴν πολιορκίαν, πρὸς δὲ τούτοις τῶν στρατιωτῶν χαλεπῶς ὑπομενόντων τὴν σύλληψιν τοῦ Τιριβάζου, καὶ διὰ τοῦτο ἀπειθούντων καὶ τὴν πολιορκίαν ἐγκαταλειπόντων, δείσας Ὀρόντης τὸ τῆς περιστάσεως παράλογον, ἐξέπεμψε πρὸς τὸν Εὐαγόραν τοὺς διαλεξομένους περὶ τῆς συλλύσεως καὶ κελεύσοντας συντίθεσθαι τὴν εἰρήνην, ἐφʼ οἷς ἐκεῖνος ἠξίου συντίθεσθαι πρὸς Τιρίβαζον.
But Orontes, having succeeded to the command of the forces in Cyprus, and seeing Evagoras with renewed confidence enduring the siege, and in addition to this, since the soldiers were bearing the arrest of Tiribazus with difficulty, and because of this were being disobedient and abandoning the siege—Orontes, fearing the unexpected turn of the situation, sent envoys to Evagoras to discuss a settlement and to urge him to make peace on the terms which he himself had demanded to agree upon with Tiribazus.
§15.9.2ὁ μὲν οὖν Εὐαγόρας παραδόξως ἐξωσιοῦτο τὴν ἅλωσιν, καὶ συνέθετο τὴν εἰρήνην, ὥστε βασιλεύειν τῆς Σαλαμῖνος καὶ τὸν ὡρισμένον διδόναι φόρον κατʼ ἐνιαυτὸν καὶ ὑπακούειν ὡς βασιλεὺς βασιλεῖ προστάττοντι.
Thus Evagoras unexpectedly escaped capture and concluded the peace on the conditions that he should rule over Salamis, pay the fixed tribute annually, and obey as a king a king who commands.
ὁ μὲν οὖν Κυπριακὸς πόλεμος δεκαετὴς σχεδὸν γεγενημένος καὶ τὸ πλέον τοῦ χρόνου περὶ παρασκευὰς ἀσχοληθείς, διετῆ χρόνον τὸν ἐπὶ πᾶσι συνεχῶς πολεμηθεὶς τοῦτον τὸν τρόπον κατελύθη.
In this way, the Cyprian War, which had lasted nearly ten years, with most of the time spent on preparations, and had been actively waged continuously for the final two years, was brought to an end in this manner.
§15.9.3ὁ δὲ τοῦ στόλου τὴν ναυαρχίαν ἔχων Γλῶς, γεγαμηκὼς τοῦ Τιριβάζου τὴν θυγατέρα, περίφοβος ὢν μήποτε συνεργεῖν δόξας τῷ Τιριβάζῳ περὶ τῆς ὑποθέσεως τύχῃ τιμωρίας ὑπὸ τοῦ βασιλέως, ἔγνω καινῇ πραγμάτων ἐπιβολῇ τὰ καθʼ ἑαυτὸν ἀσφαλίζεσθαι.
But Glus, who held the command of the fleet and had married Tiribazus' daughter, was terrified lest he might be thought to have co-operated with Tiribazus in his enterprise and should meet with punishment from the king; he therefore resolved to secure his own position by a new political enterprise.
εὐπορῶν δὲ χρημάτων καὶ στρατιωτῶν, ἔτι δὲ τοὺς τριηράρχους ταῖς εὐνοίαις ἰδίους πεποιημένος, διέγνω τοῦ βασιλέως ἀφίστασθαι.
Since he was well supplied with money and soldiers, and furthermore had made the trierarchs personally loyal to himself by winning their goodwill, he decided to revolt from the king.
§15.9.4εὐθὺς οὖν πρὸς μὲν Ἄκοριν τὸν βασιλέα τῶν Αἰγυπτίων διαπρεσβευσάμενος συμμαχίαν συνέθετο κατὰ τοῦ βασιλέως, πρὸς δὲ τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους γράφων ἐπῇρε κατὰ τοῦ βασιλέως, καὶ χρημάτων πλῆθος ἐπηγγέλλετο δώσειν καὶ τὰς ἄλλας ἐπαγγελίας μεγάλας ἐποιεῖτο, ὑπισχνούμενος συμπράξειν αὐτοῖς τὰ κατὰ τὴν Ἑλλάδα καὶ τὴν ἡγεμονίαν αὐτοῖς τὴν πάτριον συγκατασκευάσειν.
Immediately, therefore, sending an embassy to Acoris, the king of the Egyptians, he concluded an alliance with him against the king, and by writing to the Lacedaemonians he incited them against the king, promising to give a large amount of money and making other great promises, undertaking to co-operate with them in the affairs of Greece and to help them re-establish their ancestral hegemony.
§15.9.5οἱ δὲ Σπαρτιᾶται καὶ πάλαι μὲν διεγνώκεισαν ἀνακτᾶσθαι τὴν ἡγεμονίαν, τότε δὲ συνετάραττον ἤδη τὰς πόλεις καὶ πᾶσιν ὑπῆρχον φανεροὶ τὰς πόλεις καταδουλούμενοι.
The Spartans indeed had even long before decided to recover their hegemony, and at that time they were already throwing the cities into confusion, and it was obvious to all that they were enslaving the cities.
πρὸς δὲ τούτοις ἀδοξοῦντες ἐπὶ τῷ δοκεῖν ἐν τῇ πρὸς τὸν βασιλέα συνθέσει τοὺς κατὰ τὴν Ἀσίαν Ἕλληνας ἐκδότους πεποιηκέναι, μετεμέλοντο τοῖς πεπραγμένοις καὶ πρόφασιν εὔλογον ἐζήτουν τοῦ πρὸς τὸν Ἀρταξέρξην πολέμου.
In addition to this, being in ill-repute because they were thought to have surrendered the Greeks of Asia in their treaty with the king, they regretted their actions and were seeking a reasonable pretext for war against Artaxerxes.
διόπερ ἄσμενοι συνέθεντο πρὸς τὸν Γλῶ τὴν συμμαχίαν.
Therefore, they gladly concluded the alliance with Glus.

Notes

  1. 15.9.1ὁ δʼ Ὀρόντης... δείσας Ὀρόντης — Before reaching the main verb `ἐξέπεμψε`, several participle clauses (`διαδεξάμενος`, `ὁρῶν`) and a genitive absolute (`τῶν στρατιωτῶν... ἐγκαταλειπόντων`) are inserted, making the sentence long, which causes the subject `Ὀρόντης` to be repeated right before `δείσας`.
  2. 15.9.1ἐφʼ οἷς ἐκεῖνος ἠξίου — The relative pronoun `οἷς` attracts its omitted antecedent `τούτοις` (referring to conditions), with `ἐφʼ οἷς` meaning "on the conditions on which." The demonstrative pronoun `ἐκεῖνος` refers to Evagoras, the king of Salamis from the preceding context, rather than the subject of the main clause (Orontes).
  3. 15.9.2ἐξωσιοῦτο τὴν ἅλωσιν — The passive/middle voice (here imperfect) of the verb `ἐξοσιόω` (originally "to purge away under religious sanction") is used in Diodorus' style as a transitive expression meaning "to escape, keep clear of" (here, the danger of capture or ruin).
  4. 15.9.5πᾶσιν ὑπῆρχον φανεροὶ τὰς πόλεις καταδουλούμενοι — A construction combining the predicative adjective `φανερός` ("clear, manifest") with the participle `καταδουλούμενοι`, personal instead of impersonal ("it is clear that..."). It literally means "they were manifest to all (`πᾶσιν`, dative) enslaving the cities."

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §15.9.1-15.9.5. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc4:15.9.1-15.9.5

Please note the AI-draft status of the translation and the date accessed.

Translation, notes and summary are AI-generated drafts, revised through reader feedback.