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Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §14.53.1-14.53.6

Halt of Slaughter in Motya and Return to Syracuse

Passage 347 of 723 · Greek

Summary

Dionysius' forces storm Motya, committing plunder and slaughter, which Dionysius halts by advising the inhabitants to flee to Greek temples, after which he rewards his men. He then leaves a garrison, orders Leptines to watch the Carthaginians and besiege Aegesta, and returns to Syracuse, followed by a brief mention of Sophocles' theatrical debut in Athens.

§14.53.1εὐθὺς δὲ καὶ διὰ τοῦ χώματος ἡ δύναμις ἅπασα τοῦ Διονυσίου παρεισέπεσεν εἰς τὴν πόλιν, καὶ πᾶς τόπος ἔγεμε τῶν ἀναιρουμένων· οἱ γὰρ Σικελιῶται ὠμότητα ὠμότητι σπεύδοντες ἀμύνεσθαι, πάντας ἑξῆς ἀνῄρουν, ἁπλῶς οὐ παιδός, οὐ γυναικός, οὐ πρεσβύτου φειδόμενοι.
And immediately, the entire army of Dionysius rushed into the city through the mound, and every place was full of those being slaughtered; for the Siceliotes, eager to avenge cruelty with cruelty, slaughtered everyone in succession, sparing absolutely no child, no woman, no old man.
§14.53.2Διονύσιος δὲ βουλόμενος ἐξανδραποδίσασθαι τὴν πόλιν, ὅπως ἀθροισθῇ χρήματα, τὸ μὲν πρῶτον ἀνεῖργε τοὺς στρατιώτας τοῦ φονεύειν τοὺς αἰχμαλώτους· ὡς δʼ οὐδεὶς αὐτῷ προσεῖχεν, ἀλλʼ ἑώρα τὴν τῶν Σικελιωτῶν ὁρμὴν ἀκατάσχετον οὖσαν, παρεστήσατο κήρυκας τοὺς μετὰ βοῆς δηλώσοντας τοῖς Μοτυαίοις φυγεῖν εἰς τὰ παρὰ τοῖς Ἕλλησιν ἱερὰ τιμώμενα.
But Dionysius, wishing to enslave the city so that money might be collected, at first tried to restrain his soldiers from slaughtering the captives; but when no one paid attention to him, and he saw that the impulse of the Siceliotes was uncontrollable, he stationed heralds to declare with a loud voice to the Motyans to flee to the temples that were honored among the Greeks.
§14.53.3οὗ γενηθέντος οἱ μὲν στρατιῶται τοῦ φονεύειν ἔληγον, ἐπὶ δὲ τὴν τῶν κτήσεων διαρπαγὴν ὥρμησαν· καὶ διεφορεῖτο πολὺς μὲν ἄργυρος, οὐκ ὀλίγος δὲ χρυσός, καὶ ἐσθῆτες πολυτελεῖς καὶ τῆς ἄλλης εὐδαιμονίας πλῆθος.
When this was done, the soldiers ceased from slaughtering and rushed to the plundering of property; and much silver was carried off, and no small amount of gold, as well as expensive clothing and an abundance of other wealth.
τὴν δὲ τῆς πόλεως διαρπαγὴν ἔδωκεν ὁ Διονύσιος τοῖς στρατιώταις, βουλόμενος προθύμους αὐτοὺς ποιῆσαι πρὸς τοὺς ἐπιφερομένους κινδύνους.
Dionysius gave the plundering of the city to the soldiers, wishing to make them eager for the dangers that lay ahead.
§14.53.4ἀπὸ δὲ τούτων γενόμενος Ἀρχύλον τὸν ἀναβάντα πρῶτον ἐπὶ τὸ τεῖχος ἑκατὸν μναῖς ἐστεφάνωσεν, τῶν δʼ ἄλλων κατὰ τὴν ἀξίαν ἕκαστον τῶν ἠνδραγαθηκότων ἐτίμησεν, καὶ τῶν Μοτυαίων τοὺς περιλειφθέντας ἐλαφυροπώλησεν· Δαϊμένην δὲ καί τινας τῶν Ἑλλήνων συμμαχοῦντας Καρχηδονίοις λαβὼν αἰχμαλώτους ἀνεσταύρωσεν.
Turning from these matters, he crowned Archylus, who had been the first to mount the wall, with one hundred minas, and honored each of the others who had acted bravely according to his merit, and sold the remaining inhabitants of Motya as booty; but having taken captive Daimenes and some of the Greeks who were allied with the Carthaginians, he crucified them.
§14.53.5μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα φύλακας τῆς πόλεως καταστήσας, Βίτωνα τὸν Συρακόσιον φρούραρχον ἀπέδειξε· τὸ δὲ πλεῖον μέρος ἐκ τῶν Σικελῶν ὑπῆρχεν.
After this, having established guards for the city, he appointed Biton the Syracusan as garrison commander; the greater part of the guard consisted of Sicels.
καὶ Λεπτίνην μὲν τὸν ναύαρχον μετὰ νεῶν εἴκοσι καὶ ἑκατὸν ἐκέλευσεν παρατηρεῖν τὴν διάβασιν τῶν Καρχηδονίων, συνέταξε δʼ αὐτῷ τὴν Αἴγεσταν καὶ τὴν Ἔντελλαν πολιορκεῖν, καθάπερ ἐξ ἀρχῆς πορθεῖν αὐτὰς ἐνεστήσατο· αὐτὸς δὲ τοῦ θέρους ἤδη λήγοντος ἀνέζευξε μετὰ τῆς δυνάμεως εἰς Συρακούσας.
And he ordered Leptines the admiral with one hundred and twenty ships to watch for the crossing of the Carthaginians, and instructed him to besiege Aegesta and Entella, just as he had initially set about destroying them; he himself, as summer was now ending, decamped with his army to Syracuse.
§14.53.6ἐν δὲ ταῖς Ἀθήναις Σοφοκλῆς ὁ Σοφοκλέους τραγῳδίαν διδάσκειν ἤρξατο, καὶ νίκας ἔσχε δεκαδύο.
In Athens, Sophocles the son of Sophocles began to produce tragedies, and won twelve victories.

Notes

  1. 14.53.1ἀναιρουμένων — Present passive participle, referring to those who are in the process of being slaughtered at that very moment.
  2. 14.53.2τοῦ φονεύειν — Genitive infinitive. It functions as a genitive of separation or prevention, serving as a complement to the verb ἀνείργω ("to restrain", "to hinder"), meaning "to restrain from slaughtering."
  3. 14.53.3οὗ γενηθέντος — Genitive absolute. The demonstrative pronoun οὗ (neuter singular) refers back to the entirety of Dionysius's command just mentioned (instructing the Motyans to flee to the temples), meaning "when this had been done."
  4. 14.53.4ἀπὸ δὲ τούτων γενόμενος — An idiomatic expression meaning "turning away from these matters" or "having finished with these things." The participle γενόμενος used with the preposition ἀπό indicates moving on to the next action from a prior state or activity.
  5. 14.53.5τὸ δὲ πλεῖον μέρος ἐκ τῶν Σικελῶν ὑπῆρχεν — The subject is τὸ πλεῖον μέρος ("the greater part"). The verb ὑπῆρχεν is in the imperfect tense, and its composition is expressed by the prepositional phrase ἐκ τῶν Σικελῶν, meaning "the greater part was composed of the Sicels."

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §14.53.1-14.53.6. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc4:14.53.1-14.53.6

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