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Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §12.2.1-12.2.3

Praise of Athens and the Scope of Book Twelve

Passage 96 of 723 · Greek

Summary

The author praises the great achievements of the Athenians against Persia and defines the chronological scope of the present book (Book 12) in connection with the preceding one.

§12.2.1μάλιστα δὲ Ἀθηναῖοι τῇ τε δόξῃ καὶ ἀνδρείᾳ προκόψαντες διωνομάσθησαν καθʼ ὅλην σχεδὸν τὴν οἰκουμένην· ἐπὶ τοσοῦτο γὰρ τὴν ἡγεμονίαν ηὔξησαν, ὥστε ἄνευ Λακεδαιμονίων καὶ Πελοποννησίων ἰδίᾳ μεγάλας δυνάμεις Περσικὰς καὶ κατὰ γῆν καὶ κατὰ θάλατταν κατηγωνίσαντο, καὶ τὴν περιβόητον Περσῶν ἡγεμονίαν ἐπὶ τοσοῦτον ἐταπείνωσαν, ὥστε ἀναγκάσαι πάσας τὰς κατὰ τὴν Ἀσίαν πόλεις ἐλευθερῶσαι κατὰ συνθήκας. §12.2.2ἀλλὰ περὶ μὲν τούτων ἀκριβέστερον τὰ κατὰ μέρος ἀνεγράψαμεν ἐν δυσὶ βίβλοις, ταύτῃ τε καὶ τῇ πρὸ ταύτης· νυνὶ δὲ ἐπὶ τὰς προκειμένας πράξεις τρεψόμεθα, προδιορίσαντες τοὺς οἰκείους τῇ γραφῇ χρόνους. §12.2.3ἐν μὲν οὖν τῇ πρὸ ταύτης βίβλῳ τὴν ἀρχὴν ἀπὸ τῆς Ξέρξου στρατείας ποιησάμενοι διήλθομεν τὰς κοινὰς πράξεις ἐπὶ τὸν προηγούμενον ἐνιαυτὸν τῆς Ἀθηναίων στρατείας ἐπὶ Κύπρον Κίμωνος ἡγουμένου· ἐν ταύτῃ δὲ ἀπὸ τῆς Ἀθηναίων στρατείας ἐπὶ Κύπρον ποιησάμενοι διέξιμεν ἕως ἐπὶ τὸν ψηφισθέντα πόλεμον ὑπὸ Ἀθηναίων πρὸς Συρακοσίους.
But especially the Athenians, having advanced in reputation and courage, became renowned throughout almost the entire inhabited world; for they increased their hegemony to such an extent that, without the Lacedaemonians and Peloponnesians, they privately subdued great Persian forces both by land and by sea, and so humbled the celebrated hegemony of the Persians to such a degree as to force them to liberate all the cities in Asia according to treaties. But concerning these matters we have recorded the details more accurately in two books, namely this one and the one before it; but now we shall turn to the events set before us, having first defined the time-periods appropriate to our writing. In the book preceding this one, then, making our beginning from the campaign of Xerxes, we went through the common deeds down to the year preceding the Athenian campaign against Cyprus under the leadership of Cimon; and in this book, making our beginning from the Athenian campaign against Cyprus, we shall proceed down to the war voted by the Athenians against the Syracusans.

Notes

  1. 12.2.1ὥστε ... κατηγωνίσαντο ... ὥστε ἀναγκάσαι — In the two consecutive ὥστε clauses in the same sentence, the first (ὥστε...κατηγωνίσαντο) uses the indicative (aorist) to emphasize the 'actual result' as a historical fact, whereas the second (ὥστε ἀναγκάσαι) uses the infinitive to express the result as a natural consequence or degree ('so as to force').
  2. 12.2.3τὸν προηγούμενον ἐνιαυτὸν τῆς Ἀθηναίων στρατείας — The adjective προηγούμενον ('preceding'), indicating temporal priority, takes the genitive of reference or comparison τῆς Ἀθηναίων στρατείας, meaning 'the year preceding the Athenian campaign'.

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §12.2.1-12.2.3. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc4:12.2.1-12.2.3

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