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Diodorus Siculus · Bibliotheca Historica §11.25.1-11.25.5

Division of Spoils and Captive Labor in Acragas

Passage 26 of 723 · Greek

Summary

Gelon distributes the spoils and captives among his allies; in Agrigentum, massive numbers of captives are used to construct magnificent temples, subterranean conduits, a grand reservoir, and agricultural estates before Gelon returns to Syracuse.

§11.25.1ὁ δὲ Γέλων μετὰ τὴν νίκην τούς τε ἱππεῖς τοὺς ἀνελόντας τὸν Ἀμίλκαν δωρεαῖς ἐτίμησε καὶ τῶν ἄλλων τοὺς ἠνδραγαθηκότας ἀριστείοις ἐκόσμησε.
Gelon, after the victory, honored with gifts the cavalrymen who had slain Hamilcar, and decorated with prizes of valor those of the others who had performed bravely.
τῶν δὲ λαφύρων τὰ καλλιστεύοντα παρεφύλαξε, βουλόμενος τοὺς ἐν ταῖς Συρακούσαις νεὼς κοσμῆσαι τοῖς σκύλοις· τῶν δʼ ἄλλων πολλὰ μὲν ἐν Ἱμέρᾳ προσήλωσε τοῖς ἐπιφανεστάτοις τῶν ἱερῶν, τὰ δὲ λοιπὰ μετὰ τῶν αἰχμαλώτων διεμέρισε τοῖς συμμάχοις, κατὰ τὸν ἀριθμὸν τῶν συστρατευσάντων τὴν ἀναλογίαν ποιησάμενος.
He set aside the finest of the spoils, wishing to adorn the temples in Syracuse with the trophies; and of the rest, he nailed many to the most conspicuous of the temples in Himera, and distributed the remainder, along with the captives, among the allies, making the apportionment according to the number of those who had campaigned with him.
§11.25.2αἱ δὲ πόλεις εἰς πέδας κατέστησαν τοὺς διαιρεθέντας αἰχμαλώτους, καὶ τὰ δημόσια τῶν ἔργων διὰ τούτων ἐπεσκεύαζον.
The cities put the distributed captives into fetters, and through them they repaired their public works.
πλείστους δὲ λαβόντες Ἀκραγαντῖνοι τήν τε πόλιν αὐτῶν καὶ τὴν χώραν ἐκόσμησαν· τοσοῦτον γὰρ παρʼ αὐτοῖς τῶν ἡλωκότων ἦν τὸ πλῆθος, ὥστε πολλοὺς τῶν ἰδιωτῶν παρʼ αὐτοῖς ἔχειν δεσμώτας πεντακοσίους.
The Agrigentines, having received the greatest number of them, adorned both their city and their territory; for the multitude of the captives among them was so great that many of the private citizens had as many as five hundred prisoners in their keeping.
συνεβάλετο γὰρ αὐτοῖς πρὸς τὸ πλῆθος τῶν αἰχμαλώτων οὐ μόνον ὅτι πολλοὺς στρατιώτας ἀπεσταλκότες ἦσαν ἐπὶ τὴν μάχην, ἀλλὰ καὶ διότι γενομένης τῆς τροπῆς πολλοὶ τῶν φευγόντων εἰς τὴν μεσόγειον ἀνεχώρησαν, μάλιστα δὲ εἰς τὴν Ἀκραγαντίνων, ὧν ἁπάντων ὑπὸ τῶν Ἀκραγαντίνων ζωγρηθέντων ἔγεμεν ἡ πόλις τῶν ἑαλωκότων.
Contributing to the multitude of the captives for them was not only that they had sent many soldiers to the battle, but also that, when the rout took place, many of those who were fleeing retreated into the interior, and especially into the territory of the Agrigentines, and since all of these were taken alive by the Agrigentines, the city was crammed with the captives.
§11.25.3πλείστων δὲ εἰς τὸ δημόσιον ἀνενεχθέντων, οὗτοι μὲν τοὺς λίθους ἔτεμνον, ἐξ ὧν οὐ μόνον οἱ μέγιστοι τῶν θεῶν ναοὶ κατεσκευάσθησαν, ἀλλὰ καὶ πρὸς τὰς τῶν ὑδάτων ἐκ τῆς πόλεως ἐκροὰς ὑπόνομοι κατεσκευάσθησαν τηλικοῦτοι τὸ μέγεθος, ὥστε ἀξιοθέατον εἶναι τὸ κατασκεύασμα, καίπερ διὰ τὴν εὐτέλειαν καταφρονούμενον.
Since the majority of them were turned over to the public treasury, these men quarried stones, from which not only the greatest temples of the gods were constructed, but also underground conduits for the discharge of waters from the city were built, of such a size that the construction was a sight to see, although it is looked down upon because of its humble utility.
ἐπιστάτης δὲ γενόμενος τούτων τῶν ἔργων ὁ προσαγορευόμενος Φαίαξ διὰ τὴν δόξαν τοῦ κατασκευάσματος ἐποίησεν ἀφʼ ἑαυτοῦ κληθῆναι τοὺς ὑπονόμους φαίακας.
The man who became director of these works, who was called Phaeax, by reason of the fame of the construction caused the conduits to be called "Phaeaces" after himself.
§11.25.4κατεσκεύασαν δὲ οἱ Ἀκραγαντῖνοι καὶ κολυμβήθραν πολυτελῆ, τὴν περίμετρον ἔχουσαν σταδίων ἑπτά, τὸ δὲ βάθος πηχῶν εἴκοσι.
The Agrigentines also constructed a costly pool, having a circumference of seven stades and a depth of twenty cubits.
εἰς δὲ ταύτην ἐπαγομένων ποταμίων καὶ κρηναίων ὑδάτων ἰχθυοτροφεῖον ἐγένετο, πολλοὺς παρεχόμενον ἰχθῦς εἰς τροφὴν καὶ ἀπόλαυσιν· κύκνων τε πλείστων εἰς αὐτὴν καταπταμένων συνέβη τὴν πρόσοψιν αὐτῆς ἐπιτερπῆ γενέσθαι.
Since river and spring waters were introduced into this, it became a fish-pond, providing many fish for food and enjoyment; and since a great number of swans flew down into it, its appearance became highly delightful.
ἀλλʼ αὕτη μὲν ἐν τοῖς ὕστερον χρόνοις ἀμεληθεῖσα συνεχώσθη καὶ διὰ τὸ πλῆθος τοῦ χρόνου κατεφθάρη, §11.25.5τὴν δὲ χώραν ἅπασαν ἀγαθὴν οὖσαν ἀμπελόφυτον ἐποίησαν καὶ δένδρεσι παντοίοις πεπυκνωμένην, ὥστε λαμβάνειν ἐξ αὐτῆς μεγάλας προσόδους.
But this pool, being neglected in later times, was filled up with earth and was destroyed by the lapse of time, but they turned the entire territory, which was fertile, into vineyards and planted it thickly with trees of every kind, so as to receive great revenues from it.
Γέλων δὲ τοὺς συμμάχους ἀπολύσας τοὺς πολίτας ἀπήγαγεν εἰς τὰς Συρακούσας, καὶ διὰ τὸ μέγεθος τῆς εὐημερίας ἀποδοχῆς ἐτύγχανεν οὐ μόνον παρὰ τοῖς πολίταις, ἀλλὰ καὶ καθʼ ὅλην τὴν Σικελίαν· ἐπήγετο γὰρ αἰχμαλώτων τοσοῦτο πλῆθος, ὥστε δοκεῖν ὑπὸ τῆς νήσου γεγονέναι τὴν Λιβύην ὅλην αἰχμάλωτον.
Gelon, having dismissed the allies, led his citizens back to Syracuse, and because of the magnitude of his success he met with acceptance not only among his citizens but also throughout all Sicily; for he brought with him such a multitude of captives that it seemed that all Libya had been made captive by the island.

Notes

  1. 11.25.2συνεβάλετο γὰρ αὐτοῖς — The verb `συμβάλλεσθαι` means "to contribute to," used here either impersonally or with the subsequent `ὅτι` and `διότι` clauses serving as the subject. `αὐτοῖς` (dative) refers to the Agrigentines, and `πρὸς τὸ πλῆθος τῶν αἰχμαλώτων` indicates the target of this contribution.
  2. 11.25.3καίπερ διὰ τὴν εὐτέλειαν καταφρονούμενον — The passive participle `καταφρονούμενον` (neuter singular nominative) with the concessive conjunction `καίπερ` modifies the preceding noun `κατασκεύασμα` ("construction"). `εὐτέλεια` refers to the cheapness or utilitarian (humble) nature of sewers, creating a contrast: although the sewer system itself is looked down upon for its humble utility, the construction is worth seeing due to its scale.
  3. 11.25.5ὥστε δοκεῖν ὑπὸ τῆς νήσου γεγονέναι τὴν Λιβύην ὅλην αἰχμάλωτον — A consecutive `ὥστε` clause. The infinitive `δοκεῖν` ("to seem") is used impersonally, taking the accusative-and-infinitive clause (`γεγονέναι τὴν Λιβύην ὅλην αἰχμάλωτον`) as its complement, where `τὴν Λιβύην ὅλην` ("all Libya") is the subject. "The island" (`τῆς νήσου`) refers to Sicily.

Cite this passage

Diodorus Siculus, Bibliotheca Historica §11.25.1-11.25.5. Humanitext Reader, https://reader.humanitext.ai/en/text/urn:cts:greekLit:tlg0060.tlg001.humanitext-grc4:11.25.1-11.25.5

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