§7.332ὃς παραλαβὼν Σικελίας πολλὰς καὶ μεγάλας πόλεις ὑπὸ τῶν βαρβάρων ἐκπεπορθημένας, οὐχ οἷός τʼ ἦν κατοικίσας πολιτείας ἐν ἑκάσταις καταστήσασθαι πιστὰς ἑταίρων ἀνδρῶν, οὔτε ἄλλων δή ποθεν ὀθνείων οὔτε ἀδελφῶν, οὓς ἔθρεψέν τε αὐτὸς νεωτέρους ὄντας, ἔκ τε ἰδιωτῶν ἄρχοντας καὶ ἐκ πενήτων πλουσίους ἐπεποιήκει διαφερόντως.
This father, having taken over many and great cities of Sicily that had been utterly destroyed by the barbarians, was not able to resettle them and establish stable constitutions in each composed of trustworthy men who were his companions, neither from other strangers nor from his own brothers, whom he himself had brought up when they were younger, and whom he had made rulers from private citizens and exceedingly rich from being poor.
τούτων κοινωνὸν τῆς ἀρχῆς οὐδένα οἷός τʼ ἦν πειθοῖ καὶ διδαχῇ καὶ εὐεργεσίαις καὶ συγγενείαις ἀπεργασάμενος ποιήσασθαι, Δαρείου δὲ ἑπταπλασίῳ φαυλότερος ἐγένετο, ὃς οὐκ ἀδελφοῖς πιστεύσας οὐδʼ ὑφʼ αὑτοῦ τραφεῖσιν, κοινωνοῖς δὲ μόνον τῆς τοῦ Μήδου τε καὶ εὐνούχου χειρώσεως, διένειμέ τε μέρη μείζω ἕκαστα Σικελίας πάσης ἑπτά, καὶ πιστοῖς ἐχρήσατο τοῖς κοινωνοῖς καὶ οὐκ ἐπιτιθεμένοις οὔτε αὐτῷ οὔτε ἀλλήλοις, ἔδειξέν τε παράδειγμα οἷον χρὴ τὸν νομοθέτην καὶ βασιλέα τὸν ἀγαθὸν γίγνεσθαι· νόμους γὰρ κατασκευάσας ἔτι καὶ νῦν διασέσωκεν τὴν Περσῶν ἀρχήν.
He was unable, by means of persuasion, teaching, benefits, and kinship, to make any of these people partners in his rule; and he proved himself seven times inferior to Darius, who, trusting neither brothers nor those brought up by himself, but only partners in the subjection of the Mede and the eunuch, divided portions each larger than the whole of Sicily into seven, and employed partners who were faithful and did not attack either him or one another, thereby showing an example of what kind of person the good lawgiver and king ought to be; for by establishing laws he has preserved the empire of the Persians even until now.
ἔτι δὲ Ἀθηναῖοι πρὸς τούτοις, οὐκ αὐτοὶ κατοικίσαντες, πολλὰς τῶν Ἑλλήνων πόλεις ὑπὸ βαρβάρων ἐμβεβλημένας ἀλλʼ οἰκουμένας παραλαβόντες, ὅμως ἑβδομήκοντα ἔτη διεφύλαξαν τὴν ἀρχὴν ἄνδρας φίλους ἐν ταῖς πόλεσιν ἑκάσταις κεκτημένοι.
Furthermore, in addition to these, the Athenians, though not having colonized themselves, but having taken over many cities of the Greeks that had been overrun by barbarians but were still inhabited, nevertheless preserved their rule for seventy years by possessing friendly men in each of the cities.
Διονύσιος δὲ εἰς μίαν πόλιν ἁθροίσας πᾶσαν Σικελίαν, ὑπὸ σοφίας πιστεύων οὐδενί, μόγις ἐσώθη· πένης γὰρ ἦν ἀνδρῶν φίλων καὶ πιστῶν, οὗ μεῖζον σημεῖον εἰς ἀρετὴν καὶ κακίαν οὐκ ἔστιν οὐδέν, τοῦ ἔρημον ἢ μὴ τοιούτων ἀνδρῶν εἶναι.
But Dionysius, having gathered all Sicily into one city, and trusting no one because of his own wisdom, barely escaped; for he was poor in friendly and trustworthy men, than which there is no greater sign of virtue and vice than to be destitute or not of such men.
ἃ δὴ καὶ Διονυσίῳ συνεβουλεύομεν ἐγὼ καὶ δίων, ἐπειδὴ τὰ παρὰ τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτῷ συνεβεβήκει οὕτως, ἀνομιλήτῳ μὲν παιδείας, ἀνομιλήτῳ δὲ συνουσιῶν τῶν προσηκουσῶν γεγονέναι, πρῶτον ἔπειτα ταύτῃ ὁρμήσαντα φίλους ἄλλους αὑτῷ τῶν οἰκείων ἅμα καὶ ἡλικιωτῶν καὶ συμφώνους πρὸς ἀρετὴν κτήσασθαι, μάλιστα δʼ αὐτὸν αὑτῷ, τούτου γὰρ αὐτὸν θαυμαστῶς ἐνδεᾶ γεγονέναι, λέγοντες οὐκ ἐναργῶς οὕτως—οὐ γὰρ ἦν ἀσφαλές —αἰνιττόμενοι δὲ καὶ διαμαχόμενοι τοῖς λόγοις ὡς οὕτω μὲν πᾶς ἀνὴρ αὑτόν τε καὶ ἐκείνους ὧν ἂν ἡγεμὼν γίγνηται σώσει, μὴ ταύτῃ δὲ τραπόμενος τἀναντία πάντα ἀποτελεῖ· πορευθεὶς δὲ ὡς λέγομεν, καὶ ἑαυτὸν ἔμφρονά τε καὶ σώφρονα ἀπεργασάμενος, εἰ τὰς ἐξηρημωμένας Σικελίας πόλεις κατοικίσειεν νόμοις τε συνδήσειεν καὶ πολιτείαις, ὥστε αὑτῷ τε οἰκείας καὶ ἀλλήλαις εἶναι πρὸς τὰς τῶν βαρβάρων βοηθείας, οὐ διπλασίαν τὴν πατρῴαν ἀρχὴν μόνον ποιήσοι, πολλαπλασίαν δὲ ὄντως·
These indeed are the things that Dion and I were advising Dionysius (II) as well, since the circumstances from his father had happened to him in this way, namely, having grown up without associating with education and without proper companions, first [to become master of himself], and then, setting out on this path, to acquire other friends for himself from among his relatives and contemporaries who were in harmony with respect to virtue, and especially himself for himself, for he had been wonderfully lacking in this. We did not say this so clearly—for it was not safe—but we hinted at it and fought with our words, arguing that in this way every man would save both himself and those of whom he should become leader, but by not turning in this direction he would bring about all the opposite results; and if he proceeded as we said, and made himself wise and temperate, if he should colonize the desolated cities of Sicily and bind them together with laws and constitutions, so that they should be friendly to him and to one another for assistance against the barbarians, he would make his father’s empire not merely double, but truly many times greater.
§7.333ἕτοιμον γὰρ εἶναι τούτων γενομένων πολὺ μᾶλλον δουλώσασθαι Καρχηδονίους τῆς ἐπὶ Γέλωνος αὐτοῖς γενομένης δουλείας, ἀλλʼ οὐχ ὥσπερ νῦν τοὐναντίον ὁ πατὴρ αὐτοῦ φόρον ἐτάξατο φέρειν τοῖς βαρβάροις.
For, if these things happened, it was ready for them to enslave the Carthaginians much more than the enslavement that happened to them in the time of Gelon, rather than, as now on the contrary, his father had arranged to pay tribute to the barbarians.
ταῦτα ἦν τὰ λεγόμενα καὶ παρακελευόμενα ὑφʼ ἡμῶν τῶν ἐπιβουλευόντων Διονυσίῳ, ὡς πολλαχόθεν ἐχώρουν οἱ τοιοῦτοι λόγοι, οἳ δὴ καὶ κρατήσαντες παρὰ Διονυσίῳ ἐξέβαλον μὲν Δίωνα, ἡμᾶς δʼ εἰς φόβον κατέβαλον·
These were the things spoken and urged by us, who were slandered as plotting against Dionysius, as such rumors were spread from many quarters; and these indeed, having prevailed with Dionysius, drove out Dion and threw us into fear.
ἵνα δʼ ἐκπεράνωμεν οὐκ ὀλίγα πράγματα τὰ ἐν ὀλίγῳ χρόνῳ, ἐλθὼν ἐκ Πελοποννήσου καὶ Ἀθηνῶν δίων ἔργῳ τὸν Διονύσιον ἐνουθέτησεν.
But, to sum up no small matters in a short time, Dion, having come from the Peloponnese and Athens, admonished Dionysius by deed.
ἐπειδὴ δʼ οὖν ἠλευθέρωσέν τε καὶ ἀπέδωκεν αὐτοῖς δὶς τὴν πόλιν, ταὐτὸν πρὸς Δίωνα Συρακόσιοι τότε ἔπαθον ὅπερ καὶ Διονύσιος, ὅτε αὐτὸν ἐπεχείρει παιδεύσας καὶ θρέψας βασιλέα τῆς ἀρχῆς ἄξιον, οὕτω κοινωνεῖν αὐτῷ τοῦ βίου παντός, ὁ δὲ τοῖς διαβάλλουσιν καὶ λέγουσιν ὡς ἐπιβουλεύων τῇ τυραννίδι δίων πράττοι πάντα ὅσα ἔπραττεν ἐν τῷ τότε χρόνῳ, ἵνα ὁ μὲν παιδείᾳ δὴ τὸν νοῦν κηληθεὶς ἀμελοῖ τῆς ἀρχῆς ἐπιτρέψας ἐκείνῳ, ὁ δὲ σφετερίσαιτο καὶ Διονύσιον ἐκβάλοι ἐκ τῆς ἀρχῆς δόλῳ.
When, however, he had freed and restored the city to them twice, the Syracusans then suffered the very same thing in relation to Dion that Dionysius had also suffered, when he was attempting, by educating and rearing him, to make him a king worthy of the rule, so as to share his whole life with him. But Dionysius believed the slanderers who said that Dion was doing everything he did at that time because he was plotting against the tyranny, so that Dionysius, having his mind charmed by education, might neglect his rule and entrust it to him, while Dion might appropriate it and cast Dionysius out of his rule by guile.
ταῦτα τότε ἐνίκησεν καὶ τὸ δεύτερον ἐν Συρακοσίοις λεγόμενα, καὶ μάλα ἀτόπῳ τε καὶ αἰσχρᾷ νίκῃ τοῖς τῆς νίκης αἰτίοις.
These reports then prevailed for the second time among the Syracusans, and with a very strange and shameful victory for those who were the causes of the victory.
οἷον γὰρ γέγονεν, ἀκοῦσαι χρὴ τοὺς ἐμὲ παρακαλοῦντας πρὸς τὰ νῦν πράγματα.
For what kind of thing happened, those who are calling upon me for the present affairs must hear.
ἦλθον Ἀθηναῖος ἀνὴρ ἐγώ, ἑταῖρος Δίωνος, σύμμαχος αὐτῷ, πρὸς τὸν τύραννον, ὅπως ἀντὶ πολέμου φιλίαν ποιήσαιμι· διαμαχόμενος δὲ τοῖς διαβάλλουσιν ἡττήθην.
I, an Athenian man, a companion of Dion, an ally to him, went to the tyrant, so that I might make friendship instead of war; but fighting against the slanderers I was defeated.
πείθοντος δὲ Διονυσίου τιμαῖς καὶ χρήμασιν γενέσθαι μετʼ αὐτοῦ ἐμὲ μάρτυρά τε καὶ φίλον πρὸς τὴν εὐπρέπειαν τῆς ἐκβολῆς τῆς Δίωνος αὐτῷ γίγνεσθαι, τούτων δὴ τὸ πᾶν διήμαρτεν.
And though Dionysius tried to persuade me with honors and money to side with him, and to become his witness and friend for the sake of the decency of his expulsion of Dion, in all these things he utterly failed.
ὕστερον δὲ δὴ κατιὼν οἴκαδε δίων ἀδελφὼ δύο προσλαμβάνει Ἀθήνηθεν, οὐκ ἐκ φιλοσοφίας γεγονότε φίλω, ἀλλʼ ἐκ τῆς περιτρεχούσης ἑταιρίας ταύτης τῆς τῶν πλείστων φίλων, ἣν ἐκ τοῦ ξενίζειν τε καὶ μυεῖν καὶ ἐποπτεύειν πραγματεύονται, καὶ δὴ καὶ τούτω τὼ συγκαταγαγόντε αὐτὸν φίλω ἐκ τούτων τε καὶ ἐκ τῆς πρὸς τὴν κάθοδον ὑπηρεσίας ἐγενέσθην ἑταίρω·
But later indeed, returning home, Dion took with him two brothers from Athens, who had become friends not from philosophy, but from this common running-about companionship of most friends, which they cultivate from entertaining, initiating, and admitting to mysteries; and indeed these two who brought him back became his companions from these things and from their service for his return.