§7.330οὔτʼ ἂν ἔμπορος οὔτε τῶν ἐν ταῖς τῆς χώρας ἐξόδοις ἀρχόντων οὐδʼ ἂν εἷς περιεῖδέν με μόνον ἐκπορευόμενον, ὃς οὐκ ἂν συλλαβὼν εὐθέως παρὰ Διονύσιον πάλιν ἀπήγαγεν, ἄλλως τε καὶ διηγγελμένον ἤδη ποτὲ τοὐναντίον ἢ τὸ πρότερον πάλιν, ὡς Πλάτωνα Διονύσιος θαυμαστῶς ὡς ἀσπάζεται.
Neither any merchant nor any of the officers at the exits of the land would have overlooked me departing alone, without immediately arresting and bringing me back to Dionysius, especially since the opposite of what was announced before had now been reported again, namely, that Dionysius was welcoming Plato in a wonderful manner.
τὸ δʼ εἶχεν δὴ πῶς;
But how indeed did the matter stand?
τὸ γὰρ ἀληθὲς δεῖ φράζειν.
For the truth must be told.
ἠσπάζετο μὲν ἀεὶ προϊόντος τοῦ χρόνου μᾶλλον κατὰ τὴν τοῦ τρόπου τε καὶ ἤθους συνουσίαν, ἑαυτὸν δὲ ἐπαινεῖν μᾶλλον ἢ Δίωνα ἐβούλετό με καὶ φίλον ἡγεῖσθαι διαφερόντως μᾶλλον ἢ ʼκεῖνον, καὶ θαυμαστῶς ἐφιλονίκει πρὸς τὸ τοιοῦτον·
He was indeed welcoming me more and more as time went on, in accordance with our association in character and habits, but he wished me to praise him more than Dion and to regard him as a friend preeminently more than him, and he was wonderfully competitive in regard to such a thing.
ᾗ δʼ ἂν οὕτως ἐγένετο, εἴπερ ἐγίγνετο, κάλλιστα, ὤκνει ὡς δὴ μανθάνων καὶ ἀκούων τῶν περὶ φιλοσοφίαν λόγων οἰκειοῦσθαι καὶ ἐμοὶ συγγίγνεσθαι, φοβούμενος τοὺς τῶν διαβαλλόντων λόγους, μή πῃ παραποδισθείη καὶ δίων δὴ πάντα εἴη διαπεπραγμένος.
Yet, in the way this would have happened most beautifully, if indeed it were to happen, he hesitated, as if indeed in learning and hearing the discourses concerning philosophy, to become intimate and associate with me, fearing the words of those who slandered, lest in some way he should be hindered and Dion indeed should have accomplished everything.
ἐγὼ δὲ πάντα ὑπέμενον, τὴν πρώτην διάνοιαν φυλάττων ᾗπερ ἀφικόμην, εἴ πως εἰς ἐπιθυμίαν ἔλθοι τῆς φιλοσόφου ζωῆς· ὁ δʼ ἐνίκησεν ἀντιτείνων.
But I endured all things, guarding the first intention with which I had arrived, if somehow he might come to a desire for the philosophical life; but he conquered by resisting.
καὶ ὁ πρῶτος δὴ χρόνος τῆς εἰς Σικελίαν ἐμῆς ἐπιδημίας τε καὶ διατριβῆς διὰ πάντα ταῦτα συνέβη γενόμενος.
And so the first time of my visit and stay in Sicily turned out to be spent on account of all these things.
μετὰ δὲ τοῦτο ἀπεδήμησά τε καὶ πάλιν ἀφικόμην πάσῃ σπουδῇ μεταπεμπομένου Διονυσίου· ὧν δὲ ἕνεκα καὶ ὅσα ἔπραξα, ὡς εἰκότα τε καὶ δίκαια, ὑμῖν πρῶτον μὲν συμβουλεύσας ἃ χρὴ ποιεῖν ἐκ τῶν νῦν γεγονότων, ὕστερον τὰ περὶ ταῦτα διέξειμι, τῶν ἐπανερωτώντων ἕνεκα τί δὴ βουλόμενος ἦλθον τὸ δεύτερον, ἵνα μὴ τὰ πάρεργα ὡς ἔργα μοι συμβαίνῃ λεγόμενα.
After this indeed I went abroad and came back again, with Dionysius summoning me with all haste; but for what purposes and what things I did, as being both reasonable and just, having first advised you what to do from the present events, I will later describe these matters, for the sake of those who ask what indeed I wished in coming the second time, so that the secondary matters may not happen to be spoken of as my main work.
λέγω δὴ τάδε ἐγώ—τὸν συμβουλεύοντα ἀνδρὶ κάμνοντι καὶ δίαιταν διαιτωμένῳ μοχθηρὰν πρὸς ὑγίειαν ἄλλο τι χρὴ πρῶτον μὲν μεταβάλλειν τὸν βίον, καὶ ἐθέλοντι μὲν πείθεσθαι καὶ τἆλλα ἤδη παραινεῖν· μὴ ἐθέλοντι δέ, φεύγοντα ἀπὸ τῆς τοῦ τοιούτου συμβουλῆς ἄνδρα τε ἡγοίμην ἂν καὶ ἰατρικόν, τὸν δὲ ὑπομένοντα τοὐναντίον ἄνανδρόν τε καὶ ἄτεχνον.
I indeed say these things: that he who advises a man who is sick and living a life bad for health, must first of all change his life, and if indeed he is willing to obey, then advise him in other things; but if he is not willing, I should deem the man who withdraws from advising such a person to be both a man and a physician, and him who remains, on the contrary, to be unmanly and without art.
ταὐτὸν δὴ καὶ πόλει, εἴτε αὐτῆς εἷς εἴη κύριος εἴτε καὶ πλείους, εἰ μὲν κατὰ τρόπον ὀρθῇ πορευομένης ὁδῷ τῆς πολιτείας συμβουλεύοιτό τι τῶν προσφόρων, νοῦν ἔχοντος τὸ τοῖς τοιούτοις συμβουλεύειν· §7.331τοῖς δʼ ἔξω τὸ παράπαν βαίνουσι τῆς ὀρθῆς πολιτείας καὶ μηδαμῇ ἐθέλουσιν αὐτῆς εἰς ἴχνος ἰέναι, προαγορεύουσιν δὲ τῷ συμβούλῳ τὴν μὲν πολιτείαν ἐᾶν καὶ μὴ κινεῖν, ὡς ἀποθανουμένῳ ἐὰν κινῇ, ταῖς δὲ βουλήσεσιν καὶ ἐπιθυμίαις αὐτῶν ὑπηρετοῦντας συμβουλεύειν κελεύοιεν, τίνα τρόπον γίγνοιτʼ ἂν ῥᾷστά τε καὶ τάχιστα εἰς τὸν ἀεὶ χρόνον, τὸν μὲν ὑπομένοντα συμβουλὰς τοιαύτας ἡγοίμην ἂν ἄνανδρον, τὸν δʼ οὐχ ὑπομένοντα ἄνδρα.
The same indeed applies to a city, whether its master be one or many, if indeed, while its government is proceeding on a proper and correct path, it should consult on some useful things, it is the part of a sensible person to advise such people; but to those who depart altogether from the correct constitution and by no means wish to go in its footsteps, and who warn the adviser to leave the constitution alone and not to move it, on pain of death if he does move it, and who command him to advise by serving their wishes and desires, in what way they might be fulfilled most easily and quickly for all time, I should deem the one who submits to such advice to be unmanly, and the one who does not submit to be a man.
ταύτην δὴ τὴν διάνοιαν ἐγὼ κεκτημένος, ὅταν τίς μοι συμβουλεύηται περί τινος τῶν μεγίστων περὶ τὸν αὑτοῦ βίον, οἷον περὶ χρημάτων κτήσεως ἢ περὶ σώματος ἢ ψυχῆς ἐπιμελείας, ἂν μέν μοι τὸ καθʼ ἡμέραν ἔν τινι τρόπῳ δοκῇ ζῆν ἢ συμβουλεύσαντος ἂν ἐθέλειν πείθεσθαι περὶ ὧν ἀνακοινοῦται, προθύμως συμβουλεύω καὶ οὐκ ἀφοσιωσάμενος μόνον ἐπαυσάμην.
Possessing indeed this mind, whenever anyone consults me about any of the greatest things concerning his own life, such as the acquisition of wealth or the care of body or soul, if indeed his daily life seems to me to be lived in some proper way, or if he is willing to obey after I advise concerning the things he communicates, I advise him eagerly and do not stop after merely fulfilling a formal duty.
ἐὰν δὲ μὴ συμβουλεύηταί μοι τὸ παράπαν ἢ συμβουλεύοντι δῆλος ᾖ μηδαμῇ πεισόμενος, αὐτόκλητος ἐπὶ τὸν τοιοῦτον οὐκ ἔρχομαι συμβουλεύσων, βιασόμενος δὲ οὐδʼ ἂν ὑὸς ᾖ μου. δούλῳ δὲ συμβουλεύσαιμʼ ἂν καὶ μὴ ἐθέλοντά γε προσβιαζοίμην·
But if he does not consult me at all, or if when I advise he is clearly by no means going to be persuaded, I do not go to such a person of my own accord to advise, nor would I use force even if he were my son.
πατέρα δὲ ἢ μητέρα οὐχ ὅσιον ἡγοῦμαι προσβιάζεσθαι μὴ νόσῳ παραφροσύνης ἐχομένους, ἐὰν δέ τινα καθεστῶτα ζῶσι βίον, ἑαυτοῖς ἀρέσκοντα, ἐμοὶ δὲ μή, μήτε ἀπεχθάνεσθαι μάτην νουθετοῦντα μήτε δὴ κολακεύοντά γε ὑπηρετεῖν αὐτοῖς, πληρώσεις ἐπιθυμιῶν ἐκπορίζοντα ἃς αὐτὸς ἀσπαζόμενος οὐκ ἂν ἐθέλοιμι ζῆν.
To a slave indeed I would advise and would even force him if unwilling; but to a father or a mother I deem it not holy to use force, unless they are held by the disease of madness; but if they live a certain established life, pleasing to themselves but not to me, I should neither incur their hatred by admonishing them in vain, nor flatter them by serving them, providing the fulfillments of desires which I myself would not wish to accept and live with.
ταὐτὸν δὴ καὶ περὶ πόλεως αὑτοῦ διανοούμενον χρὴ ζῆν τὸν ἔμφρονα· λέγειν μέν, εἰ μὴ καλῶς αὐτῷ φαίνοιτο πολιτεύεσθαι, εἰ μέλλοι μήτε ματαίως ἐρεῖν μήτε ἀποθανεῖσθαι λέγων, βίαν δὲ πατρίδι πολιτείας μεταβολῆς μὴ προσφέρειν, ὅταν ἄνευ φυγῆς καὶ σφαγῆς ἀνδρῶν μὴ δυνατὸν ᾖ γίγνεσθαι τὴν ἀρίστην, ἡσυχίαν δὲ ἄγοντα εὔχεσθαι τὰ ἀγαθὰ αὑτῷ τε καὶ τῇ πόλει.
The same indeed concerning his own city, a man of understanding must think and live by: speaking indeed, if it does not seem to him to be well-governed, if he is likely neither to speak in vain nor to die for speaking, but not applying force to his fatherland for a change of constitution, when it is not possible for the best constitution to come about without exile and slaughter of men, but keeping quiet and praying for good things for himself and for the city.
κατὰ δὴ τοῦτον τὸν τρόπον ἐγὼ ὑμῖν τʼ ἂν συμβουλεύοιμι, συνεβούλευον δὲ καὶ Διονυσίῳ μετὰ Δίωνος, ζῆν μὲν τὸ καθʼ ἡμέραν πρῶτον, ὅπως ἐγκρατὴς αὐτὸς αὑτοῦ ὅτι μάλιστα ἔσεσθαι μέλλοι καὶ πιστοὺς φίλους τε καὶ ἑταίρους κτήσεσθαι, ὅπως μὴ πάθοι ἅπερ ὁ πατὴρ αὐτοῦ,
In this indeed manner I would advise you, and I also advised Dionysius along with Dion, to live daily life first in such a way that he might be as much as possible master of himself and acquire faithful friends and companions, so that he might not suffer what his father suffered.