§7.326καὶ τοῦ μὲν σκοπεῖν μὴ ἀποστῆναι μή ποτε ἄμεινον ἂν γίγνοιτο περί τε αὐτὰ ταῦτα καὶ δὴ καὶ περὶ τὴν πᾶσαν πολιτείαν, τοῦ δὲ πράττειν αὖ περιμένειν ἀεὶ καιρούς, τελευτῶντα δὲ νοῆσαι περὶ πασῶν τῶν νῦν πόλεων ὅτι κακῶς σύμπασαι πολιτεύονται—τὰ γὰρ τῶν νόμων αὐταῖς σχεδὸν ἀνιάτως ἔχοντά ἐστιν ἄνευ παρασκευῆς θαυμαστῆς τινος μετὰ τύχης—λέγειν τε ἠναγκάσθην, ἐπαινῶν τὴν ὀρθὴν φιλοσοφίαν, ὡς ἐκ ταύτης ἔστιν τά τε πολιτικὰ δίκαια καὶ τὰ τῶν ἰδιωτῶν πάντα κατιδεῖν· κακῶν οὖν οὐ λήξειν τὰ ἀνθρώπινα γένη, πρὶν ἂν ἢ τὸ τῶν φιλοσοφούντων ὀρθῶς γε καὶ ἀληθῶς γένος εἰς ἀρχὰς ἔλθῃ τὰς πολιτικὰς ἢ τὸ τῶν δυναστευόντων ἐν ταῖς πόλεσιν ἔκ τινος μοίρας θείας ὄντως φιλοσοφήσῃ.
And on the one hand, not to desist from observing whether at any time things might become better concerning these very matters and indeed concerning the whole government, and on the other hand, always to wait for opportunities to act, but in the end to perceive concerning all present cities that they are all governed badly—for their laws are in a state that is almost past cure, without some remarkable preparation combined with fortune—I was compelled to say, while praising correct philosophy, that from this it is possible to discern both political justice and all the affairs of private individuals; therefore, the human races would not cease from evils until either the class of those who philosophize correctly and truly comes to political power, or those who rule in the cities, by some divine dispensation, truly practice philosophy.
ταύτην δὴ τὴν διάνοιαν ἔχων εἰς Ἰταλίαν τε καὶ Σικελίαν ἦλθον, ὅτε πρῶτον ἀφικόμην.
Holding indeed this conviction, I went to Italy and Sicily when I first arrived.
ἐλθόντα δέ με ὁ ταύτῃ λεγόμενος αὖ βίος εὐδαίμων, Ἰταλιωτικῶν τε καὶ Συρακουσίων τραπεζῶν πλήρης, οὐδαμῇ οὐδαμῶς ἤρεσεν, δίς τε τῆς ἡμέρας ἐμπιμπλάμενον ζῆν καὶ μηδέποτε κοιμώμενον μόνον νύκτωρ, καὶ ὅσα τούτῳ ἐπιτηδεύματα συνέπεται τῷ βίῳ· ἐκ γὰρ τούτων τῶν ἐθῶν οὔτʼ ἂν φρόνιμος οὐδείς ποτε γενέσθαι τῶν ὑπὸ τὸν οὐρανὸν ἀνθρώπων ἐκ νέου ἐπιτηδεύων δύναιτο—οὐχ οὕτως θαυμαστῇ φύσει κραθήσεται—σώφρων δὲ οὐδʼ ἂν μελλήσαι ποτὲ γενέσθαι, καὶ δὴ καὶ περὶ τῆς ἄλλης ἀρετῆς ὁ αὐτὸς λόγος ἂν εἴη, πόλις τε οὐδεμία ἂν ἠρεμήσαι κατὰ νόμους οὐδʼ οὑστινασοῦν ἀνδρῶν οἰομένων ἀναλίσκειν μὲν δεῖν πάντα εἰς ὑπερβολάς, ἀργῶν δὲ εἰς ἅπαντα ἡγουμένων αὖ δεῖν γίγνεσθαι πλὴν ἐς εὐωχίας καὶ πότους καὶ ἀφροδισίων σπουδὰς διαπονουμένας· ἀναγκαῖον δὲ εἶναι ταύτας τὰς πόλεις τυραννίδας τε καὶ ὀλιγαρχίας καὶ δημοκρατίας μεταβαλλούσας μηδέποτε λήγειν, δικαίου δὲ καὶ ἰσονόμου πολιτείας τοὺς ἐν αὐταῖς δυναστεύοντας μηδʼ ὄνομα ἀκούοντας ἀνέχεσθαι.
And when I had come, the life there which is called "happy," full of Italian and Syracusan tables, pleased me in no way at all, living as I did filling myself twice a day and never sleeping alone at night, and all the practices that accompany this life; for from these habits no man under heaven could ever become wise, practicing them from youth—he will not be blended with so remarkable a nature—and he would never even dream of becoming temperate, and indeed concerning the other virtues the same argument would apply; and no city would remain at peace under any laws whatever, when men think they ought to spend everything on excesses, and on the other hand hold that they must be idle in all things except for feasting and drinking and the eager pursuit of sexual pleasures; and it is necessary that these cities, changing continually into tyrannies, oligarchies, and democracies, never cease, and those who rule in them cannot endure to hear even the name of a just and equal government.
ταῦτα δὴ πρὸς τοῖς πρόσθε διανοούμενος, εἰς Συρακούσας διεπορεύθην, ἴσως μὲν κατὰ τύχην, ἔοικεν μὴν τότε μηχανωμένῳ τινὶ τῶν κρειττόνων ἀρχὴν βαλέσθαι τῶν νῦν γεγονότων πραγμάτων περὶ Δίωνα καὶ τῶν περὶ Συρακούσας· δέος δὲ μὴ καὶ πλειόνων ἔτι, ἐὰν μὴ νῦν ὑμεῖς ἐμοὶ πείθησθε τὸ δεύτερον συμβουλεύοντι.
Thinking indeed on these things in addition to the former, I journeyed to Syracuse, perhaps by chance, but it seems indeed that some of the higher powers was then planning to cast the foundation of the events that have now occurred concerning Dion and those concerning Syracuse; and there is a fear of still more, unless you now obey me in my second advising.
§7.327πῶς οὖν δὴ λέγω πάντων ἀρχὴν γεγονέναι τὴν τότε εἰς Σικελίαν ἐμὴν ἄφιξιν;
How then do I say that my arrival in Sicily at that time became the beginning of all things?
ἐγὼ συγγενόμενος Δίωνι τότε νέῳ κινδυνεύω, τὰ δοκοῦντα ἐμοὶ βέλτιστα ἀνθρώποις εἶναι μηνύων διὰ λόγων καὶ πράττειν αὐτὰ συμβουλεύων, ἀγνοεῖν ὅτι τυραννίδος τινὰ τρόπον κατάλυσιν ἐσομένην μηχανώμενος ἐλάνθανον ἐμαυτόν.
In associating with Dion, who was then young, I risked unconsciously planning, by declaring in words what seemed to me to be best for men and advising him to act upon them, the dissolution of the tyranny that was to come in some manner.
δίων μὲν γὰρ δή, μάλʼ εὐμαθὴς ὢν πρός τε τἆλλα καὶ πρὸς τοὺς τότε ὑπʼ ἐμοῦ λόγους γενομένους, οὕτως ὀξέως ὑπήκουσεν καὶ σφόδρα, ὡς οὐδεὶς πώποτε ὧν ἐγὼ προσέτυχον νέων, καὶ τὸν ἐπίλοιπον βίον ζῆν ἠθέλησεν διαφερόντως τῶν πολλῶν Ἰταλιωτῶν τε καὶ Σικελιωτῶν, ἀρετὴν περὶ πλείονος ἡδονῆς τῆς τε ἄλλης τρυφῆς ἠγαπηκώς· ὅθεν ἐπαχθέστερον τοῖς περὶ τὰ τυραννικὰ νόμιμα ζῶσιν ἐβίω μέχρι τοῦ θανάτου τοῦ περὶ Διονύσιον γενομένου.
For Dion, indeed, being very quick to learn both in other matters and towards the discourses then made by me, complied so quickly and intensely as no young man I ever met before, and wished to live the rest of his life differently from the majority of Italians and Sicilians, having loved virtue more than pleasure and other luxury; hence he lived more burdensomely to those who lived according to tyrannical customs, until the death that occurred concerning Dionysius.
μετὰ δὲ τοῦτο διενοήθη μὴ μόνον ἐν αὑτῷ ποτʼ ἂν γενέσθαι ταύτην τὴν διάνοιαν, ἣν αὐτὸς ὑπὸ τῶν ὀρθῶν λόγων ἔσχεν, ἐγγιγνομένην δὲ αὐτὴν καὶ ἐν ἄλλοις ὁρῶν κατενόει, πολλοῖς μὲν οὔ, γιγνομένην δʼ οὖν ἔν τισιν, ὧν καὶ Διονύσιον ἡγήσατο ἕνα γενέσθαι τάχʼ ἂν συλλαμβανόντων θεῶν, γενομένου δʼ αὖ τοῦ τοιούτου τόν τε αὐτοῦ βίον καὶ τὸν τῶν ἄλλων Συρακουσίων ἀμήχανον ἂν μακαριότητι συμβῆναι γενόμενον.
After this, he conceived that this intention, which he himself had held from the correct discourses, would not merely exist within himself, but as he saw it arising in others also, he came to understand it—not in many, to be sure, but arising indeed in some, of whom he thought Dionysius might become one if the gods co-operated, and if such a thing should occur, his own life and that of the other Syracusans would happen to be one of unimaginable happiness.
πρὸς δὴ τούτοις ᾠήθη δεῖν ἐκ παντὸς τρόπου εἰς Συρακούσας ὅτι τάχιστα ἐλθεῖν ἐμὲ κοινωνὸν τούτων, μεμνημένος τήν τε αὑτοῦ καὶ ἐμὴν συνουσίαν ὡς εὐπετῶς ἐξηργάσατο εἰς ἐπιθυμίαν ἐλθεῖν αὐτὸν τοῦ καλλίστου τε καὶ ἀρίστου βίου· ὃ δὴ καὶ νῦν εἰ διαπράξαιτο ἐν Διονυσίῳ ὡς ἐπεχείρησε, μεγάλας ἐλπίδας εἶχεν ἄνευ σφαγῶν καὶ θανάτων καὶ τῶν νῦν γεγονότων κακῶν βίον ἂν εὐδαίμονα καὶ ἀληθινὸν ἐν πάσῃ τῇ χώρᾳ κατασκευάσαι.
In addition to these things, he thought that I must by all means come to Syracuse as quickly as possible to be a partner in these matters, remembering how easily his and my association had worked to bring him into a desire for the most beautiful and best life; which indeed, if he should now accomplish it in Dionysius as he attempted, he had great hopes of establishing a happy and true life in the whole country without slaughters and deaths and the evils that have now occurred.
ταῦτα δίων ὀρθῶς διανοηθεὶς ἔπεισε μεταπέμπεσθαι Διονύσιον ἐμέ, καὶ αὐτὸς ἐδεῖτο πέμπων ἥκειν ὅτι τάχιστα ἐκ παντὸς τρόπου, πρίν τινας ἄλλους ἐντυχόντας Διονυσίῳ ἐπʼ ἄλλον βίον αὐτὸν τοῦ βελτίστου παρατρέψαι.
Dion, thinking these things correctly, persuaded Dionysius to send for me, and he himself sent, begging me to come as quickly as possible by all means, before some others meeting Dionysius should turn him aside from the best life to another.
λέγων δὲ τάδε ἐδεῖτο, εἰ καὶ μακρότερα εἰπεῖν. τίνας γὰρ καιρούς, ἔφη, μείζους περιμενοῦμεν τῶν νῦν παραγεγονότων θείᾳ τινὶ τύχῃ;
And in saying these things, he begged, even if it is rather long to repeat: "For what greater opportunities," he said, "shall we wait for than those now present by some divine fortune?"