§5.321Πλάτων Περδίκκᾳ εὖ πράττειν.
Plato to Perdiccas, wishes well-doing.
Εὐφραίῳ μὲν συνεβούλευσα, καθάπερ ἐπέστελλες, τῶν σῶν ἐπιμελούμενον περὶ ταῦτα διατρίβειν· δίκαιος δʼ εἰμὶ καὶ σοὶ ξενικὴν καὶ ἱερὰν συμβουλὴν λεγομένην συμβουλεύειν περί τε τῶν ἄλλων ὧν ἂν φράζῃς καὶ ὡς Εὐφραίῳ δεῖ τὰ νῦν χρῆσθαι.
I advised Euphraeus indeed, just as you wrote in your letter, to spend his time in these matters while taking care of your affairs; but it is just for me to offer to you also what is called a guest's and sacred counsel, both concerning the other things of which you may speak and how you ought to use Euphraeus at present.
πολλὰ μὲν γὰρ ὁ ἀνὴρ χρήσιμος, μέγιστον δὲ οὗ καὶ σὺ νῦν ἐνδεὴς εἶ διά τε τὴν ἡλικίαν καὶ διὰ τὸ μὴ πολλοὺς αὐτοῦ πέρι συμβούλους εἶναι τοῖς νέοις.
For the man is useful in many things, but most of all in that which you also now lack because of your age and because there are not many counselors concerning this for the young.
ἔστιν γὰρ δή τις φωνὴ τῶν πολιτειῶν ἑκάστης καθαπερεί τινων ζῴων, ἄλλη μὲν δημοκρατίας, ἄλλη δʼ ὀλιγαρχίας, ἡ δʼ αὖ μοναρχίας· ταύτας φαῖεν μὲν ἂν ἐπίστασθαι πάμπολλοι, πλεῖστον δʼ ἀπολείπονται τοῦ κατανοεῖν αὐτὰς πλὴν ὀλίγων δή τινων.
For there is indeed a certain voice of each of the polities, just like that of certain living creatures—one of democracy, another of oligarchy, and another again of monarchy; very many would indeed claim to understand these, but they fall very far short of comprehending them, except for some few indeed.
ἥτις μὲν ἂν οὖν τῶν πολιτειῶν τὴν αὑτῆς φθέγγηται φωνὴν πρός τε θεοὺς καὶ πρὸς ἀνθρώπους, καὶ τῇ φωνῇ τὰς πράξεις ἑπομένας ἀποδιδῷ, θάλλει τε ἀεὶ καὶ σῴζεται, μιμουμένη δʼ ἄλλην φθείρεται.
Whichever of the polities, therefore, utters its own voice to both gods and men, and renders its actions in accordance with its voice, always flourishes and is preserved, but that which imitates another is ruined.
§5.322πρὸς ταῦτʼ οὖν Εὐφραῖός σοι γίγνοιτʼ οὐχ ἥκιστα ἂν χρήσιμος, καίπερ καὶ πρὸς ἄλλα ὢν ἀνδρεῖος· τοὺς γὰρ τῆς μοναρχίας λόγους οὐχ ἥκιστʼ αὐτὸν ἐλπίζω συνεξευρήσειν τῶν περὶ τὴν σὴν διατριβὴν ὄντων·
In view of this, therefore, Euphraeus would be not least useful to you, although he is a brave man also for other things; for I expect that he, not least of those who are around your court, will join you in discovering the principles of monarchy.
εἰς ταῦτʼ οὖν αὐτῷ χρώμενος ὀνήσῃ τε αὐτὸς καὶ ἐκεῖνον πλεῖστα ὠφελήσεις.
By using him for these things, therefore, you will both benefit yourself and help him the most.
ἐὰν δέ τις ἀκούσας ταῦτα εἴπῃ· Πλάτων, ὡς ἔοικεν, προσποιεῖται μὲν τὰ δημοκρατίᾳ συμφέροντα εἰδέναι, ἐξὸν δʼ ἐν τῷ δήμῳ λέγειν καὶ συμβουλεύειν αὐτῷ τὰ βέλτιστα οὐ πώποτε ἀναστὰς ἐφθέγξατο,
πρὸς ταῦτʼ εἰπεῖν ὅτι Πλάτων ὀψὲ ἐν τῇ πατρίδι γέγονεν καὶ τὸν δῆμον κατέλαβεν ἤδη πρεσβύτερον καὶ εἰθισμένον ὑπὸ τῶν ἔμπροσθεν πολλὰ καὶ ἀνόμοια τῇ ἐκείνου συμβουλῇ πράττειν·
And if someone, having heard these things, should say: "Plato, as it seems, pretends to know what is beneficial for a democracy, yet, though it was possible for him to speak in the assembly of the people and advise them on what is best, he never stood up to utter a word," to this one should say that Plato was born late in his fatherland, and found the people already quite old and accustomed by those before him to do many things contrary to his counsel.
ἐπεὶ πάντων ἂν ἥδιστα καθάπερ πατρὶ συνεβούλευεν αὐτῷ, εἰ μὴ μάτην μὲν κινδυνεύσειν ᾤετο, πλέον δʼ οὐδὲν ποιήσειν.
Otherwise, indeed, he would have advised them most gladly, as to his own father, if he had not thought that he would run risks in vain and accomplish nothing more.
ταὐτὸν δὴ οἶμαι δρᾶσαι ἂν καὶ τὴν ἐμὴν συμβουλήν.
Indeed, I think my counsel would do the very same thing.
εἰ γὰρ δόξαιμεν ἀνιάτως ἔχειν, πολλὰ ἂν χαίρειν ἡμῖν εἰπὼν ἐκτὸς ἂν γίγνοιτο τῆς περὶ ἐμὲ καὶ τὰ ἐμὰ συμβουλῆς.
For if we should seem to be incurably ill, he, having bidden us a long farewell, would stand aloof from his counsel concerning me and my affairs.
εὐτύχει.
Fare well.