§9.881ΑΘ. πατρὸς γὰρ ἢ μητρὸς ἢ τούτων ἔτι προγόνων ὅστις τολμήσει ἅψασθαί ποτε βιαζόμενος αἰκίᾳ τινί, μήτε τῶν ἄνω δείσας θεῶν μῆνιν μήτε τῶν ὑπὸ γῆς τιμωριῶν λεγομένων, ἀλλὰ ὡς εἰδὼς ἃ μηδαμῶς οἶδεν, καταφρονῶν τῶν παλαιῶν καὶ ὑπὸ πάντων εἰρημένων, παρανομεῖ, τούτῳ δεῖ τινος ἀποτροπῆς ἐσχάτης.
ATH. For if anyone shall dare ever to lay hands violently, with any assault, upon father or mother or their ancestors, fearing neither the wrath of the gods above nor the punishments said to be under the earth, but breaks the law in defiance of ancient traditions spoken by all, as though knowing what he in no way knows, such a man stands in need of some extreme deterrent.
θάνατος μὲν οὖν οὐκ ἔστιν ἔσχατον, οἱ δὲ ἐν Ἅιδου τούτοισι λεγόμενοι πόνοι ἔτι τε τούτων εἰσὶ μᾶλλον ἐν ἐσχάτοις, καὶ ἀληθέστατα λέγοντες οὐδὲν ἀνύτουσιν ταῖς τοιαύταις ψυχαῖς ἀποτροπῆς—οὐ γὰρ ἂν ἐγίγνοντό ποτε μητραλοῖαί τε καὶ τῶν ἄλλων γεννητόρων ἀνόσιοι πληγῶν τόλμαι—δεῖ δὴ τὰς ἐνθάδε κολάσεις περὶ τὰ τοιαῦτα τούτοισι τὰς ἐν τῷ ζῆν μηδὲν τῶν ἐν Ἅιδου λείπεσθαι κατὰ δύναμιν.
Now, death is not the extreme; the pains said to await such persons in Hades are even more among the extremes than these, yet although those who say so speak the absolute truth, they achieve nothing by way of deterrence for such souls—for otherwise there would never occur matricides and unholy daredevils striking their other parents—so it is necessary that the punishments here on earth concerning such matters, for these men during their lifetime, should in no way fall short of those in Hades, as far as possible.
ἔστω δὴ λεγόμενον τὸ μετὰ τοῦτο τῇδε· ὃς ἂν τολμήσῃ πατέρα ἢ μητέρα ἢ τούτων πατέρας ἢ μητέρας τύπτειν μὴ μανίαις ἐχόμενος, πρῶτον μὲν ὁ προστυγχάνων καθάπερ ἐν τοῖς ἔμπροσθεν βοηθείτω, καὶ ὁ μὲν μέτοικος ἢ ξένος εἰς προεδρίαν τῶν ἀγώνων καλείσθω βοηθῶν, μὴ βοηθήσας δὲ ἀειφυγίαν ἐκ τῆς χώρας φευγέτω· ὁ δὲ μὴ μέτοικος βοηθῶν μὲν ἔπαινον ἐχέτω, μὴ βοηθῶν δέ, ψόγον· δοῦλος δὲ βοηθήσας μὲν ἐλεύθερος γιγνέσθω, μὴ βοηθήσας δὲ πληγὰς ἑκατὸν τῇ μάστιγι τυπτέσθω, ἐν ἀγορᾷ μὲν ἂν γίγνηται τὸ γενόμενον, ὑπʼ ἀγορανόμων, ἐὰν δʼ ἐκτὸς ἀγορᾶς ἐν ἄστει, τῶν ἀστυνόμων κολάζειν τὸν ἐπιδημοῦντα, ἐὰν δὲ κατʼ ἀγροὺς τῆς χώρας που, τοὺς τῶν ἀγρονόμων ἄρχοντας.
Let what follows, then, be stated thus: Whosoever shall dare to strike father or mother, or their fathers or mothers, not being possessed by madness, first of all, let any bystander render aid just as in the previous cases; and let the resident alien or foreigner, if he helps, be called to the front seats at the games, but if he does not help, let him flee in perpetual banishment from the country; and let the non-resident-alien, if he helps, have praise, but if he does not, blame; and let a slave, if he helps, become free, but if he does not help, let him be beaten with a hundred lashes of the whip—by the market-inspectors, if the occurrence takes place in the market-place, but if outside the market-place in the city, by whichever of the city-inspectors is in town to inflict the punishment, and if somewhere in the countryside, by the officers of the country-inspectors.
ἐὰν δʼ ἐπιχώριος ὁ παρατυγχάνων ᾖ τις, ἐάντε παῖς ἐάντε ἀνὴρ ἐάντʼ οὖν γυνή, ἀμυνέτω πᾶς τὸν ἀνόσιον ἐπονομάζων· ὁ δὲ μὴ ἀμύνων ἀρᾷ ἐνεχέσθω Διὸς ὁμογνίου καὶ πατρῴου κατὰ νόμον.
And if any bystander be a native, whether boy, man, or woman, let everyone defend the victim, calling the other impious; and let him who does not defend be subject to the curse of Zeus Homognios and Patroos according to the law.
ἐὰν δέ τις ὄφλῃ δίκην αἰκίας γονέων, πρῶτον μὲν φευγέτω ἀειφυγίαν ἐξ ἄστεος εἰς τὴν ἄλλην χώραν καὶ πάντων ἱερῶν εἰργέσθω· μὴ δὲ εἰργόμενον κολαζόντων αὐτὸν ἀγρονόμοι πληγαῖς καὶ πάντως ὡς ἂν ἐθέλωσιν, κατελθὼν δὲ θανάτῳ ζημιούσθω.
And if anyone is convicted in a suit for assault of parents, first let him flee in perpetual banishment from the city into the rest of the country, and let him be excluded from all temples; and if he does not keep away, let the country-inspectors punish him with blows and in any way they wish, and if he returns, let him be punished with death.
ἐὰν δέ τις τῷ τοιούτῳ, ὅσοι ἐλεύθεροι, συμφάγῃ ἢ συμπίῃ ἤ τινα τοιαύτην ἄλλην κοινωνίαν κοινωνήσῃ, ἢ καὶ μόνον ἐντυγχάνων που προσάπτηται ἑκών, μήτε εἰς ἱερὸν ἔλθῃ μηδὲν μήτʼ εἰς ἀγορὰν μήτʼ εἰς πόλιν ὅλως πρότερον ἢ καθήρηται, νομίζων κεκοινωνηκέναι ἀλιτηριώδους τύχης·
And if any of the free citizens eats or drinks with such a person, or shares any other such association with him, or even merely touches him voluntarily upon meeting him anywhere, let him not enter any temple, nor the market-place, nor the city at all, until he has been purified, deeming that he has shared in an accursed fortune.
§9.882ΑΘ. ἐὰν δὲ ἀπειθῶν νόμῳ ἱερὰ καὶ πόλιν μιαίνῃ παρανόμως, ὃς ἂν τῶν ἀρχόντων αἰσθόμενος μὴ ἐπάγῃ δίκην τῷ τοιούτῳ, ἐν εὐθύναις ἔστω τῶν κατηγορημάτων τῶν μεγίστων ἓν τοῦτο αὐτῷ.
ATH. And if, disobeying the law, he defiles temples and the city contrary to law, whichever of the officials, though aware of it, does not bring a suit against such a person, let this be to him at his audit one of the greatest charges.
ἐὰν δὲ αὖ δοῦλος τύπτῃ τὸν ἐλεύθερον, εἴτʼ οὖν ξένον εἴτε ἀστόν, βοηθείτω μὲν ὁ προστυγχάνων ἢ κατὰ τὸ τίμημα τὴν εἰρημένην ζημίαν ἀποτινέτω, συνδήσαντες δὲ οἱ προστυγχάνοντες μετὰ τοῦ πληγέντος παραδόντων τῷ ἀδικουμένῳ· ὁ δὲ παραλαβών, δήσας ἐν πέδαις καὶ μαστιγώσας ὁπόσας ἂν ἐθέλῃ, μηδὲν βλάπτων τὸν δεσπότην, παραδότω ἐκείνῳ κεκτῆσθαι κατὰ νόμον.
And if, again, a slave strikes a free man, whether foreigner or citizen, let any bystander render aid, or else pay the stated fine according to his property class, and let the bystanders, having bound him together with the injured party, hand him over to the victim; and let him who receives him, having bound him in fetters and scourged him with as many blows as he pleases, without in any way damaging his owner, hand him back to that owner to possess according to the law.
ὁ δὲ νόμος ἔστω· ὃς ἂν ἐλεύθερον δοῦλος ὢν τύπτῃ μὴ τῶν ἀρχόντων κελευόντων, παραλαβὼν ὁ κεκτημένος παρὰ τοῦ πληγέντος δεδεμένον αὐτὸν μὴ λύσῃ, πρὶν ἂν ὁ δοῦλος πείσῃ τὸν πληγέντα ἄξιος εἶναι τοῦ λελυμένος ζῆν.
And let the law be: Whosoever, being a slave, strikes a free man without the orders of the magistrates, the owner, having received him bound from the injured party, shall not release him, until the slave has persuaded the injured party that he is worthy to live released.
τὰ αὐτὰ δὲ γυναιξίν τε ἔστω πρὸς ἀλλήλας περὶ πάντων τῶν τοιούτων νόμιμα, καὶ πρὸς ἄνδρας γυναιξὶ καὶ ἀνδράσι πρὸς γυναῖκας.
And let the same regulations hold for women towards one another concerning all such matters, and for women towards men, and men towards women.