§10.884ΑΘ. μετὰ δὲ τὰς αἰκίας περὶ παντὸς ἓν εἰρήσθω τοιόνδε τι νόμιμον βιαίων πέρι·
ATH.
τῶν ἀλλοτρίων μηδένα μηδὲν φέρειν μηδὲ ἄγειν, μηδʼ αὖ χρῆσθαι μηδενὶ τῶν τοῦ πέλας, ἐὰν μὴ πείσῃ τὸν κεκτημένον· ἐκ γὰρ δὴ τοῦ τοιούτου πάντα ἠρτημένα τά τε εἰρημένα κακὰ γέγονε καὶ ἔστι καὶ ἔσται.
After assault, let there be stated one such general rule concerning all violent actions: no one is to carry or drive away anything belonging to others, nor again to use any of his neighbor's property, unless he has persuaded the owner; for indeed, from such a source, all the aforesaid evils, depending upon it, have arisen, do exist, and will exist.
μέγιστα δὲ δὴ τῶν λοιπῶν αἱ τῶν νέων ἀκολασίαι τε καὶ ὕβρεις, εἰς μέγιστα δέ, ὅταν εἰς ἱερὰ γίγνωνται, καὶ διαφερόντως αὖ μεγάλα, ὅταν εἰς δημόσια καὶ ἅγια ἢ κατὰ μέρη κοινὰ φυλετῶν ἤ τινων ἄλλων τοιούτων κεκοινωνηκότων· §10.885ΑΘ. εἰς ἱερὰ δὲ ἴδια καὶ τάφους δεύτερα καὶ δευτέρως, εἰς δὲ γονέας τρίτα, χωρὶς τῶν ἔμπροσθεν εἰρημένων, ὅταν ὑβρίζῃ τις.
But of the remaining offenses, the greatest indeed are the insolence and outrages of the young, and they become greatest when they are directed against temples, and again pre-eminently great when against public and sacred property, or property shared in common by tribesmen or some other such associations; ATH. and second in order and in degree of gravity are outrages against private shrines and tombs; third, those against parents, apart from what has been said before, when anyone commits an outrage.
τέταρτον δὲ γένος ὕβρεως, ὅταν ἀφροντιστῶν τις ἀρχόντων ἄγῃ ἢ φέρῃ ἢ χρῆταί τινι τῶν ἐκείνων μὴ πείσας αὐτούς, πέμπτον δὲ τὸ πολιτικὸν ἂν εἴη ἑκάστου τῶν πολιτῶν ὑβρισθὲν δίκην ἐπικαλούμενον.
And the fourth class of outrage is when anyone, in disregard of the magistrates, drives or carries away or uses any of their property without having persuaded them, and the fifth would be the civic class, when any of the individual citizens is outraged and calls for justice.
οἷς δὴ δοτέον εἰς κοινὸν νόμον ἑκάστοις.
For each of these, indeed, we must establish a common law.
ἱεροσυλία μὲν γὰρ εἴρηται συλλήβδην, βίαιός τε καὶ λάθρᾳ ἐὰν γίγνηται, τί χρὴ πάσχειν· ὅσα δὲ λόγῳ καὶ ὅσα ἔργῳ περὶ θεοὺς ὑβρίζει τις λέγων ἢ πράττων, τὸ παραμύθιον ὑποθεμένῳ ῥητέον ἃ δεῖ πάσχειν.
For as to temple-robbery, it has already been stated collectively, whether it occurs by violence or in secret, what punishment must be suffered; but as to all the ways in which anyone commits outrage against the gods, by word or by deed, in speech or in action, we must state what they must suffer, after first laying down the preamble.
ἔστω δὴ τόδε. θεοὺς ἡγούμενος εἶναι κατὰ νόμους οὐδεὶς πώποτε οὔτε ἔργον ἀσεβὲς ἠργάσατο ἑκὼν οὔτε λόγον ἀφῆκεν ἄνομον, ἀλλὰ ἓν δή τι τῶν τριῶν πάσχων, ἢ τοῦτο, ὅπερ εἶπον, οὐχ ἡγούμενος, ἢ τὸ δεύτερον ὄντας οὐ φροντίζειν ἀνθρώπων, ἢ τρίτον εὐπαραμυθήτους εἶναι θυσίαις τε καὶ εὐχαῖς παραγομένους.
Let it, then, be as follows: No one who believes that the gods exist according to the laws has ever yet willingly committed an impious deed or uttered a lawless word, but he does so only if he suffers from one of three things: either, as I said, he does not believe they exist; or secondly, that though they exist, they do not care for humans; or thirdly, that they are easily placated and can be turned aside by sacrifices and prayers.
ΚΛ. τί οὖν δὴ δρῷμεν ἂν ἢ καὶ λέγοιμεν πρὸς αὐτούς;
CL. What then should we do or even say to them?
ΑΘ. ὠγαθέ, ἐπακούσωμεν αὐτῶν πρῶτον ἃ τῷ καταφρονεῖν ἡμῶν προσπαίζοντας αὐτοὺς λέγειν μαντεύομαι.
ATH. My good friend, let us first listen to what I divine they would say, mocking us in their contempt.
ΚΛ. ποῖα δή;
CL. What sort of words indeed?
ΑΘ. ταῦτα τάχʼ ἂν ἐρεσχηλοῦντες εἴποιεν·
ATH.
ὦ ξένε Ἀθηναῖε καὶ Λακεδαιμόνιε καὶ Κνώσιε, ἀληθῆ λέγετε.
They would perhaps say this in jest: "O Athenian stranger, and Lacedaemonian, and Knossian, you speak the truth.
ἡμῶν γὰρ οἱ μὲν τὸ παράπαν θεοὺς οὐδαμῶς νομίζομεν, οἱ δὲ οἵους ὑμεῖς λέγετε.
For some of us do not believe in gods at all, and others believe they are such as you describe.
ἀξιοῦμεν δή, καθάπερ ὑμεῖς ἠξιώκατε περὶ νόμων, πρὶν ἀπειλεῖν ἡμῖν σκληρῶς, ὑμᾶς πρότερον ἐπιχειρεῖν πείθειν καὶ διδάσκειν ὡς εἰσὶ θεοί, τεκμήρια λέγοντες ἱκανά, καὶ ὅτι βελτίους ἢ παρὰ τὸ δίκαιον ὑπό τινων δώρων παρατρέπεσθαι κηλούμενοι.
We demand then, just as you have demanded concerning the laws, before you threaten us harshly, that you first attempt to persuade and teach us that there are gods, by stating adequate proofs, and that they are too good to be turned aside from justice by being charmed by any gifts.
νῦν μὲν γὰρ ταῦτα ἀκούοντές τε καὶ τοιαῦθʼ ἕτερα τῶν λεγομένων ἀρίστων εἶναι ποιητῶν τε καὶ ῥητόρων καὶ μάντεων καὶ ἱερέων καὶ ἄλλων μυριάκις μυρίων, οὐκ ἐπὶ τὸ μὴ δρᾶν τὰ ἄδικα τρεπόμεθα οἱ πλεῖστοι, δράσαντες δʼ ἐξακεῖσθαι πειρώμεθα.
For as it is, hearing these things and other such tales from those who are said to be the best poets, rhetoricians, seers, priests, and countless tens of thousands of others, most of us are not turned away from committing injustice, but having committed it, we attempt to make amends.
παρὰ δὲ δὴ νομοθετῶν, φασκόντων εἶναι μὴ ἀγρίων ἀλλὰ ἡμέρων, ἀξιοῦμεν πειθοῖ πρῶτον χρῆσθαι πρὸς ἡμᾶς, εἰ μὴ πολλῷ βελτίω τῶν ἄλλων λέγοντας περὶ θεῶν ὡς εἰσίν, ἀλλʼ οὖν βελτίω γε πρὸς ἀλήθειαν, καὶ τάχα πειθοίμεθʼ ἂν ἴσως ὑμῖν.
But from legislators, who claim to be not savage but gentle, we demand that they first employ persuasion toward us, and if you do not speak much better than others about the gods, showing that they exist, yet at least speak better in respect to truth, and then perhaps we might believe you.
ἀλλʼ ἐπιχειρεῖτε, εἴ τι μέτριον λέγομεν, εἰπεῖν ἃ προκαλούμεθα.
But attempt, if we say anything reasonable, to answer what we challenge you to."