§9.855ΑΘ. δίκη δὴ τούτῳ θάνατος, ἐλάχιστον τῶν κακῶν, τοὺς δὲ ἄλλους παράδειγμα ὀνήσει γενόμενος, ἀκλεὴς καὶ ὑπὲρ τοὺς τῆς χώρας ὅρους ἀφανισθείς· παισὶ δὲ καὶ γένει, ἐὰν φύγωσι τὰ πατρῷα ἤθη, κλέος ἔστω καὶ λόγος ἔντιμος λεγόμενος, ὡς εὖ τε καὶ ἀνδρείως εἰς ἀγαθὸν ἐκ κακοῦ διαπεφευγότων.
ATH. Therefore, the penalty for this man is death, the least of evils, and by becoming an example he will benefit the others, being blotted out without glory beyond the boundaries of the land; but for his children and family, if they flee their father's habits, let there be glory and an honorable story spoken, as having fled well and courageously into good out of evil.
δημόσια δὲ χρήματα οὐδενὸς τῶν τοιούτων τῇ πολιτείᾳ πρέπον ἂν εἴη γίγνεσθαι, ἐν ᾗ δεῖ τοὺς αὐτοὺς ἀεὶ καὶ ἴσους ὄντας διατελεῖν κλήρους.
And it would not be fitting for the public treasury of the state to acquire any of the property of such men, in which state the same and equal allotments must always continue to exist.
ζημίας δʼ ἐκτίσεις, ὅταν ἀδικεῖν ἄξια δοκῇ τις χρημάτων, ἐκτίνειν, ἂν ᾖ τι τῶν τοῦ κλήρου κατεσκευασμένου περιττεῦον, μέχρι τοσούτου ζημιωθέντα, τὸ δὲ πλέον μή· τὰς δʼ εἰς ταῦτα ἀκριβείας ἐκ τῶν ἀπογραφῶν νομοφύλακες σκοποῦντες τὸ σαφὲς ἐξαγγελλόντων ἀεὶ τοῖς δικασταῖς, ὅπως ἂν τῶν κλήρων ἀργὸς μηδεὶς μηδέποτε γίγνηται διʼ ἀπορίαν χρημάτων.
And as for the payments of fines, when someone is thought to deserve to pay a fine in money for his injustice, if there is any surplus of the established allotment, let him be fined up to that amount, but no more; and the law-guardians, looking into the registers for accuracy in these matters, must always report the clear truth to the judges, so that none of the allotments may ever become uncultivated through lack of money.
ζημίας δὲ ἄν τις πλέονος ἄξιος εἶναι δοκῇ, ἐὰν ἄρα μή τινες ἐθέλωσιν αὐτὸν τῶν φίλων ἐγγυᾶσθαί τε καὶ συνεκτίνοντες ἀπελευθεροῦν, δεσμοῖς τε χρονίοις καὶ ἐμφανέσι καί τισιν προπηλακισμοῖς κολάζειν, ἄτιμον δὲ παντάπασιν μηδένα εἶναι μηδέποτε μηδʼ ἐφʼ ἑνὶ τῶν ἁμαρτημάτων, μηδʼ ὑπερορίαν φυγάδα·
But if anyone seems to deserve a greater fine, if none of his friends are willing to guarantee him and free him by paying it together, let him be punished with long-term and public imprisonments and certain insults; but let no one ever be completely disenfranchised for any of his errors, nor be an exile beyond the borders.
θάνατον δὲ ἢ δεσμοὺς ἢ πληγάς, ἤ τινας ἀμόρφους ἕδρας ἢ στάσεις ἢ παραστάσεις εἰς ἱερὰ ἐπὶ τὰ τῆς χώρας ἔσχατα, ἢ χρημάτων καθάπερ ἔμπροσθεν εἴπομεν ἐκτίσεις γίγνεσθαι δεῖν τὴν δίκην ταύτην, γιγνέσθω.
But death, or imprisonment, or beatings, or certain unseemly sittings, or standings, or attendances at temples on the borders of the land, or payments of fines as we said before, must be the penalty; let it be so.
δικασταὶ δὲ ἔστωσαν θανάτου πέρι νομοφύλακές τε καὶ τὸ τῶν περυσινῶν ἀρχόντων ἀριστίνδην ἀπομερισθὲν δικαστήριον· εἰσαγωγὰς δὲ τούτων καὶ προσκλήσεις καὶ ὅσα τοιαῦτα καὶ ὡς δεῖ γίγνεσθαι, τοῖς νεωτέροις νομοθέταις χρὴ μέλειν, τὴν διαψήφισιν δὲ ἡμέτερον ἔργον νομοθετεῖν.
And let the judges concerning death be the law-guardians and the court selected by merit from the officials of the previous year; and the introductions of these, the summonses, and all such things and how they must come about, must be the concern of the younger legislators, but to legislate the voting procedure is our task.
ἔστω δὴ φανερὰ μὲν ἡ ψῆφος τιθεμένη, πρὸ τούτου δὲ κατὰ τὸ στόμα τοῦ διώκοντός τε καὶ φεύγοντος ὁ δικαστὴς ἑξῆς ἡμῖν ἐγγύτατα κατὰ πρέσβιν ἱζέσθω, πάντες δʼ οἱ πολῖται, ὅσοιπερ ἂν ἄγωσι σχολήν, ἐπήκοοι ἔστωσαν σπουδῇ τῶν τοιούτων δικῶν.
Let the vote indeed be cast openly, and before this, let the judge sit in order very close to us according to age, directly facing the prosecutor and the defendant, and let all the citizens, as many as have leisure, be attentive listeners to such trials.
λέγειν δὲ ἕνα λόγον, πρῶτον μὲν τὸν διώκοντα, τὸν δὲ φεύγοντα δεύτερον· μετὰ δὲ τοὺς λόγους τούτους ἄρχεσθαι μὲν τὸν γεραίτατον ἀνακρίνοντα, ἰόντα εἰς τὴν τῶν λεχθέντων σκέψιν ἱκανήν, μετὰ δὲ τὸν πρεσβύτατον ἑξῆς ἅπαντας χρὴ διεξελθεῖν ὅτι ἂν παρʼ ἑκατέρου τις τῶν ἀντιδίκων ῥηθὲν ἢ μὴ ῥηθὲν ἐπιποθῇ τινα τρόπον· ὁ δὲ μηδὲν ποθῶν ἄλλῳ τὴν ἀνάκρισιν παραδιδότω.
And each is to speak one speech, first the prosecutor, and the defendant second; and after these speeches, let the oldest begin the examination, going into a sufficient inquiry of what has been said, and after the oldest, all in order must go through whatever anyone of the litigants said or did not say that they still desire to know in some way; and let the one who desires nothing hand over the examination to another.
§9.856ΑΘ. τῶν δὲ ῥηθέντων ἐπισφραγισαμένους ὅσα ἂν εἶναι καίρια δοκῇ, γράμμασιν σημεῖα ἐπιβάλλοντας πάντων τῶν δικαστῶν, θεῖναι ἐπὶ τὴν ἑστίαν, καὶ πάλιν αὔριον εἰς ταὐτὸν συνελθόντας, ὡσαύτως τε ἀνακρίνοντας διεξελθεῖν τὴν δίκην καὶ σημεῖα ἐπιβάλλοντας αὖ τοῖς λεχθεῖσιν· καὶ τρὶς δράσαντας τοῦτο, τεκμήριά τε καὶ μάρτυρας ἱκανῶς παραλαβόντας, ψῆφον ἱερὰν ἕκαστον φέροντα καὶ ὑποσχόμενον πρὸς τῆς ἑστίας εἰς δύναμιν τὰ δίκαια καὶ ἀληθῆ κρίνειν, οὕτω τέλος ἐπιθεῖναι τῇ τοιαύτῃ δίκῃ.
ATH. And of the things said, sealing as many as seem to be crucial, applying the marks in writing of all the judges, let them place them on the hearth, and coming together again tomorrow to the same place, and examining in the same way, let them go through the trial and apply marks again to what was said; and having done this three times, and having sufficiently received proofs and witnesses, each carrying a sacred vote and promising by the hearth to judge to the best of his ability according to justice and truth, let them thus put an end to such a trial.
μετὰ δὲ τὰ περὶ θεοὺς τὰ περὶ κατάλυσιν τῆς πολιτείας.
And after the matters concerning gods, those concerning the dissolution of the constitution.
ὃς ἂν ἄγων εἰς ἀρχὴν ἀνθρώπων δουλῶται μὲν τοὺς νόμους, ἑταιρίας δὲ τὴν πόλιν ὑπήκοον ποιῇ, καὶ βιαίως δὴ πᾶν τοῦτο πράττων καὶ στάσιν ἐγείρων παρανομῇ, τοῦτον δὴ διανοεῖσθαι δεῖ πάντων πολεμιώτατον ὅλῃ τῇ πόλει· τὸν δὲ κοινωνοῦντα μὲν τῶν τοιούτων μηδενί, τῶν μεγίστων δὲ μετέχοντα ἀρχῶν ἐν τῇ πόλει, λεληθότα τε ταῦτα αὐτόν, ἢ μὴ λεληθότα, δειλίᾳ δʼ, ὑπὲρ πατρίδος αὑτοῦ μὴ τιμωρούμενον, δεῖ δεύτερον ἡγεῖσθαι τὸν τοιοῦτον πολίτην κάκῃ.
Whoever, leading to rule over men, enslaves the laws, and makes the city subject to an association, and doing all this violently and raising faction acts unlawfully, this man must be considered the most hostile of all to the whole city; and the one who shares in none of such things, but holds the greatest offices in the city, and these things escape him, or do not escape him but through cowardice he does not avenge his fatherland, such a citizen must be considered second in badness.
πᾶς δὲ ἀνήρ, οὗ καὶ σμικρὸν ὄφελος, ἐνδεικνύτω ταῖς ἀρχαῖς εἰς κρίσιν ἄγων τὸν ἐπιβουλεύοντα βιαίου πολιτείας μεταστάσεως ἅμα καὶ παρανόμου· δικασταὶ δὲ ἔστωσαν τούτοις οἵπερ τοῖς ἱεροσύλοις, καὶ πᾶσαν τὴν κρίσιν ὡσαύτως αὐτοῖς γίγνεσθαι καθάπερ ἐκείνοις, τὴν ψῆφον θάνατον φέρειν τὴν πλήθει νικῶσαν.
And let every man, of whom there is even a little help, indicate to the authorities, bringing to trial the one plotting a violent and unlawful change of the constitution; and let the judges for these be the same as for the temple-robbers, and let the whole trial be conducted for them in the same way as for those, and let the vote that wins by majority bring death.
ἑνὶ δὲ λόγῳ, πατρὸς ὀνείδη καὶ τιμωρίας παίδων μηδενὶ συνέπεσθαι, πλὴν ἐάν τινι πατὴρ καὶ πάππος καὶ πάππου πατὴρ ἐφεξῆς ὄφλωσι θανάτου δίκην· τούτους δὲ ἡ πόλις ἔχοντας τὴν αὑτῶν οὐσίαν, πλὴν ὅσον κατεσκευασμένου τοῦ κλήρου παντελῶς, εἰς τὴν αὑτῶν ἀρχαίαν ἐκπεμπέσθω πατρίδα καὶ πόλιν.
And in a word, the shame and punishments of a father must not follow any of his children, except if someone's father, grandfather, and grandfather's father in succession have been convicted of a capital crime; and the city, letting these keep their property, except for the fully established allotment, must send them away to their ancient fatherland and city.
οἷς δʼ ἂν τῶν πολιτῶν ὑεῖς ὄντες τυγχάνωσιν πλείους ἑνός, μὴ ἔλαττον δέκα ἔτη γεγονότες, κληρῶσαι μὲν τούτων δέκα, οὓς ἂν ἀποφήνῃ πατὴρ ἢ πάππος ὁ πρὸς πατρὸς ἢ μητρός, τῶν δὲ λαχόντων τὰ ὀνόματα εἰς Δελφοὺς πεμφθέντων· ὃν δʼ ἂν ὁ θεὸς ἀνέλῃ, κληρονόμον εἰς τὸν οἶκον καταστῆσαι τὸν τῶν ἐκλιπόντων τύχῃ ἀμείνονι.
And for those of the citizens who happen to have more than one son, who are not less than ten years old, let them select ten of these by lot, whom their father or grandfather on the father's or mother's side nominates, and let the names of those who win the lot be sent to Delphi; and whomever the god selects, let them establish him as heir to the house of those who have left, with better fortune.
ΚΛ. καλῶς.
KLE. Good.