§69ΦΑΙΔ. καίτοι καλοῦσί γε ἀκολασίαν τὸ ὑπὸ τῶν ἡδονῶν ἄρχεσθαι, ἀλλ’ ὅμως συμβαίνει αὐτοῖς κρατουμένοις ὑφ᾽ ἡδονῶν κρατεῖν ἄλλων ἡδονῶν.
Phaedo: And yet, people call being ruled by pleasures self-indulgence, but nevertheless it happens to them that, while being mastered by pleasures, they master other pleasures.
τοῦτο δ’ ὅμοιόν ἐστιν ᾧ νυνδὴ ἐλέγετο, τῷ τρόπον τινὰ δι’ ἀκολασίαν αὐτοὺς σεσωφρονίσθαι.
And this is similar to what was just said, namely, that they are in a way made temperate through self-indulgence.
ἔοικε γάρ.
So it seems.
ὦ μακάριε Σιμμία, μὴ γὰρ οὐχ αὕτη ᾖ ἡ ὀρθὴ πρὸς ἀρετὴν ἀλλαγή, ἡδονὰς πρὸς ἡδονὰς καὶ λύπας πρὸς λύπας καὶ φόβον πρὸς φόβον καταλλάττεσθαι, μείζω πρὸς ἐλάττω ὥσπερ νομίσματα, ἀλλ’ ᾖ ἐκεῖνο μόνον τὸ νόμισμα ὀρθόν, ἀντὶ οὗ δεῖ πάντα ταῦτα καταλλάττεσθαι, φρόνησις, καὶ μετὰ τούτου τῷ ὄντι ᾖ καὶ ἀνδρεία καὶ σωφροσύνη καὶ δικαιοσύνη καὶ συλλήβδην ἀληθὴς ἀρετή, μετὰ φρονήσεως, καὶ προσγιγνομένων καὶ ἀπογιγνομένων καὶ ἡδονῶν καὶ φόβων καὶ τῶν ἄλλων πάντων τῶν τοιούτων·
My dear Simmias, I fear that this is not the right exchange for virtue, to exchange pleasures for pleasures, pains for pains, and fear for fear, the greater for the less, like coins, but that the only right coin, for which all these must be exchanged, is wisdom, and with this, there is indeed true courage, temperance, justice, and in short, true virtue, which is accompanied by wisdom, whether pleasures and fears and all other such things are added or taken away.
χωριζόμενα δὲ φρονήσεως ἀλλαττόμενα ἀντὶ ἀλλήλων μὴ σκιαγραφία τις ᾖ ἡ τοιαύτη ἀρετὴ καὶ τῷ ὄντι ἀνδραποδώδης τε καὶ οὐδὲν ὑγιὲς οὐδ’ ἀληθὲς ἔχῃ, τὸ δ’ ἀληθὲς τῷ ὄντι ᾖ κάθαρσίς τις τῶν τοιούτων πάντων καὶ ἡ σωφροσύνη καὶ ἡ δικαιοσύνη καὶ ἀνδρεία, καὶ αὐτὴ ἡ φρόνησις μὴ καθαρμός τις ᾖ.
But when separated from wisdom and exchanged for one another, I fear that such virtue is a mere shadow-painting, and is in reality slavish and has nothing healthy or true in it, whereas the truth is in reality a kind of purification from all such things, and temperance, justice, courage, and wisdom itself are a kind of cleansing.
καὶ κινδυνεύουσι καὶ οἱ τὰς τελετὰς ἡμῖν οὗτοι καταστήσαντες οὐ φαῦλοί τινες εἶναι, ἀλλὰ τῷ ὄντι πάλαι αἰνίττεσθαι ὅτι ὃς ἂν ἀμύητος καὶ ἀτέλεστος εἰς Ἅιδου ἀφίκηται ἐν βορβόρῳ κείσεται, ὁ δὲ κεκαθαρμένος τε καὶ τετελεσμένος ἐκεῖσε ἀφικόμενος μετὰ θεῶν οἰκήσει.
And it seems that those who established the mysteries for us were not foolish, but in reality have long been hinting that whoever arrives in Hades uninitiated and unperfected will lie in the mud, while he who has been purified and perfected, upon arriving there, will dwell with the gods.
εἰσὶν γὰρ δή, φασιν οἱ περὶ τὰς τελετάς,
ναρθηκοφόροι μὲν πολλοί, βάκχοι δέ τε παῦροι· οὗτοι δ’ εἰσὶν κατὰ τὴν ἐμὴν δόξαν οὐκ ἄλλοι ἢ οἱ πεφιλοσοφηκότες ὀρθῶς.
For indeed, as those concerned with the mysteries say, 'Many are the wand-bearers, but few are the mystics.' And these, in my opinion, are none other than those who have philosophized rightly.
ὧν δὴ καὶ ἐγὼ κατά γε τὸ δυνατὸν οὐδὲν ἀπέλιπον ἐν τῷ βίῳ ἀλλὰ παντὶ τρόπῳ προυθυμήθην γενέσθαι·
To become one of whom I indeed, as far as I was able, left nothing undone in my life, but in every way strove to succeed.
εἰ δ’ ὀρθῶς προυθυμήθην καί τι ἠνύσαμεν, ἐκεῖσε ἐλθόντες τὸ σαφὲς εἰσόμεθα, ἂν θεὸς ἐθέλῃ, ὀλίγον ὕστερον, ὡς ἐμοὶ δοκεῖ.
And whether I strove rightly and we achieved anything, we shall know clearly when we arrive there, if God wills, in a little while, as it seems to me.
ταῦτ’ οὖν ἐγώ, ἔφη, ὦ Σιμμία τε καὶ Κέβης, ἀπολογοῦμαι, ὡς εἰκότως ὑμᾶς τε ἀπολείπων καὶ τοὺς ἐνθάδε δεσπότας οὐ χαλεπῶς φέρω οὐδ’ ἀγανακτῶ, ἡγούμενος κἀκεῖ οὐδὲν ἧττον ἢ ἐνθάδε δεσπόταις τε ἀγαθοῖς ἐντεύξεσθαι καὶ ἑταίροις·
This, then, Simmias and Cebes," he said, "is my defense, showing why I am right in leaving you and my masters here without being distressed or vexed, believing that there, no less than here, I shall meet with good masters and friends.
· εἴ τι οὖν ὑμῖν πιθανώτερός εἰμι ἐν τῇ ἀπολογίᾳ ἢ τοῖς Ἀθηναίων δικασταῖς, εὖ ἂν ἔχοι.
So, if I am more persuasive to you in my defense than to the Athenian judges, it would be well."