§106ΦΑΙΔ. τί οὖν, ἦ δ’ ὅς, ὦ Κέβης; εἰ τῷ ἀναρτίῳ ἀναγκαῖον ἦν ἀνωλέθρῳ εἶναι, ἄλλο τι τὰ τρία ἢ ἀνώλεθρα ἂν ἦν; πῶς γὰρ οὔ; οὐκοῦν εἰ καὶ τὸ ἄθερμον ἀναγκαῖον ἦν ἀνώλεθρον εἶναι, ὁπότε τις ἐπὶ χιόνα θερμὸν ἐπάγοι, ὑπεξῄει ἂν ἡ χιὼν οὖσα σῶς καὶ ἄτηκτος;
"What then, Cebes," he said, "if it were necessary for the uneven to be indestructible, would the triad be anything other than indestructible?" "How could it not be?" "Therefore, if the unheated also were necessarily indestructible, whenever someone brought heat against snow, would the snow not withdraw safe and unmelted?
οὐ γὰρ ἂν ἀπώλετό γε, οὐδ’ αὖ ὑπομένουσα ἐδέξατο ἂν τὴν θερμότητα. ἀληθῆ, ἔφη, λέγεις.
For it would not perish, nor again would it remain and admit the heat." "What you say is true," he said.
ὣς δ’ αὔτως οἶμαι κἂν εἰ τὸ ἄψυκτον ἀνώλεθρον ἦν, ὁπότε ἐπὶ τὸ πῦρ ψυχρόν τι ἐπῄει, οὔποτ’ ἂν ἀπεσβέννυτο οὐδ’ ἀπώλλυτο, ἀλλὰ σῶν ἂν ἀπελθὸν ᾤχετο. ἀνάγκη, ἔφη.
"And in the same way, I think, if the uncooled were indestructible, whenever something cold approached fire, the fire would never be extinguished or perish, but would go away and depart safe." "Necessarily so," he said.
οὐκοῦν καὶ ὧδε, ἔφη, ἀνάγκη περὶ τοῦ ἀθανάτου εἰπεῖν;
"Then is it also necessary," he said, "to speak in this way about the immortal?
εἰ μὲν τὸ ἀθάνατον καὶ ἀνώλεθρόν ἐστιν, ἀδύνατον ψυχῇ, ὅταν θάνατος ἐπ’ αὐτὴν ἴῃ, ἀπόλλυσθαι· θάνατον μὲν γὰρ δὴ ἐκ τῶν προειρημένων οὐ δέξεται οὐδ’ ἔσται τεθνηκυῖα, ὥσπερ τὰ τρία οὐκ ἔσται, ἔφαμεν, ἄρτιον, οὐδέ γ’ αὖ τὸ περιττόν, οὐδὲ δὴ πῦρ ψυχρόν, οὐδέ γε ἡ ἐν τῷ πυρὶ θερμότης.
If the immortal is also indestructible, it is impossible for a soul, when death comes upon it, to perish; for from what has been said before, it will not admit death nor will it be dead, just as we said the triad will not be even, nor indeed will the odd, nor will fire be cold, nor indeed the heat in the fire.
ἀλλὰ τί κωλύει,
φαίη ἄν τις,
ἄρτιον μὲν τὸ περιττὸν μὴ γίγνεσθαι ἐπιόντος τοῦ ἀρτίου, ὥσπερ ὡμολόγηται, ἀπολομένου δὲ αὐτοῦ ἀντ’ ἐκείνου ἄρτιον γεγονέναι; τῷ ταῦτα λέγοντι οὐκ ἂν ἔχοιμεν διαμαχέσασθαι ὅτι οὐκ ἀπόλλυται· τὸ γὰρ ἀνάρτιον οὐκ ἀνώλεθρόν ἐστιν·
'But what prevents,' someone might say, 'the odd from not becoming even when the even approaches, as has been agreed, but, when it has perished, the even from having come to be in its place?' To the one who says this, we would not be able to contend that it does not perish; for the uneven is not indestructible.
ἐπεὶ εἰ τοῦτο ὡμολόγητο ἡμῖν, ῥᾳδίως ἂν διεμαχόμεθα ὅτι ἐπελθόντος τοῦ ἀρτίου τὸ περιττὸν καὶ τὰ τρία οἴχεται ἀπιόντα· καὶ περὶ πυρὸς καὶ θερμοῦ καὶ τῶν ἄλλων οὕτως ἂν διεμαχόμεθα.
But if this had been agreed by us, we would easily contend that when the even approaches, the odd and the triad depart and go away; and about fire and heat and the other things we would contend in the same way.
ἢ οὔ; πάνυ μὲν οὖν. οὐκοῦν καὶ νῦν περὶ τοῦ ἀθανάτου, εἰ μὲν ἡμῖν ὁμολογεῖται καὶ ἀνώλεθρον εἶναι, ψυχὴ ἂν εἴη πρὸς τῷ ἀθάνατος εἶναι καὶ ἀνώλεθρος· εἰ δὲ μή, ἄλλου ἂν δέοι λόγου. ἀλλ’ οὐδὲν δεῖ, ἔφη, τούτου γε ἕνεκα· σχολῇ γὰρ ἄν τι ἄλλο φθορὰν μὴ δέχοιτο, εἰ τό γε ἀθάνατον ἀίδιον ὂν φθορὰν δέξεται. ὁ δέ γε θεὸς οἶμαι, ἔφη ὁ Σωκράτης, καὶ αὐτὸ τὸ τῆς ζωῆς εἶδος καὶ εἴ τι ἄλλο ἀθάνατόν ἐστιν, παρὰ πάντων ἂν ὁμολογηθείη μηδέποτε ἀπόλλυσθαι. παρὰ πάντων μέντοι νὴ Δί᾽, ἔφη, ἀνθρώπων τέ γε καὶ ἔτι μᾶλλον, ὡς ἐγᾦμαι, παρὰ θεῶν. ὁπότε δὴ τὸ ἀθάνατον καὶ ἀδιάφθορόν ἐστιν, ἄλλο τι ψυχὴ ἤ, εἰ ἀθάνατος τυγχάνει οὖσα, καὶ ἀνώλεθρος ἂν εἴη; πολλὴ ἀνάγκη. ἐπιόντος ἄρα θανάτου ἐπὶ τὸν ἄνθρωπον τὸ μὲν θνητόν, ὡς ἔοικεν, αὐτοῦ ἀποθνῄσκει, τὸ δ’ ἀθάνατον σῶν καὶ ἀδιάφθορον οἴχεται ἀπιόν, ὑπεκχωρῆσαν τῷ θανάτῳ. φαίνεται.
Or not?" "Most certainly." "Therefore now also about the immortal: if it is agreed by us to be also indestructible, the soul would be, in addition to being immortal, also indestructible; but if not, there would be need of another argument." "But there is no need of one," he said, "at least as far as this is concerned; for hardly could anything else not admit destruction, if the immortal, being eternal, is to admit destruction." "And God, I think," said Socrates, "and the form of life itself, and if there is anything else immortal, would be agreed by everyone never to perish." "By all humans indeed, by Zeus," he said, "and even more, as I think, by the gods." "Since then the immortal is also indestructible, would the soul be anything other than, if it happens to be immortal, also indestructible?" "With great necessity." "Therefore, when death comes upon a human, the mortal part of him, as it seems, dies, but the immortal part goes away and departs safe and indestructible, yielding to death." "It appears so."