§4#2ὁ μὲν γὰρ σμικρός ἐστιν ἡμιτριταῖος, ὁ δὲ μέσος, ὁ δὲ μέγας.
For one is the small semitertian, another the medium, and another the great.
σμικρὸς μὲν οὖν ἐστιν ὁ παρὰ τὰς εἰκοσιτέσσαρας ὥρας στρεφόμενος· μέσος δὲ ὁ παρὰ τὰς τριακονταέξ· μέγας δὲ ὁ παρὰ τὰς τεσσαράκοντα καὶ ὀκτὼ, ὃς δὴ συνεγγίζει τῷ συνεχεῖ πυρετῷ.
Now the small one is that which turns around twenty-four hours; the medium is that which lasts around thirty-six; and the great is that which lasts around forty-eight hours, which indeed comes very close to continuous fever.
τινὲς δέ φασι τὸν ἡμιτριταῖον οὕτως ὀνομασθῆναι, ὡς τὸ ἡμικύκλιον καὶ ἡμισφραίριον, λέγοντες αὐτὸν ἐλάττονα τοῦ ἡμίσεος τῆς τριταϊκῆς περιόδου.
And some say that the semitertian was so named, like the semicircle and the hemisphere, saying that it is less than half of the tertian period.
ἄλλοι δέ φασι τὸν ἡμιτριταῖον ὀνομασθῆναι, ὡς καὶ τὸν ἡμιόλιον ἀριθμὸν, ὥστε τῆς τριταϊκῆς ἐπισημασίας λόγου χάριν ἐκ δώδεκα ὡρῶν συγκειμένης, τὸν ἡμιτριταῖον μὲν ἐμπεριλαμβάνειν τὰς ιβ΄ ὥρας τοῦ τριταίου, προστιθέναι δὲ ταύταις καὶ τὸ ἥμισυ τῶν ιβ΄ καὶ τὰς πάσας γίγνεσθαι δέκα καὶ ὀκτὼ, ὡς εἶναι ἥμισυ μείζονα τῶν τριῶν κατὰ περίοδον τύπων, ἀμφημερινοῦ, τριταίου καὶ τεταρταίου, ὥστε ὡρῶν αὐτὸν εἶναι εἴκοσι καὶ τεσσάρων.
And others say that the semitertian was named like the sesquialter number, so that if, for example, the tertian onset consists of twelve hours, the semitertian includes the twelve hours of the tertian and adds to these also the half of twelve, and the whole becomes eighteen, as being half as much again as the three types according to period—quotidian, tertian, and quartan—so that it is of twenty-four hours.
ὁ Ἀγαθῖνος δὲ ἀπὸ τῆς πρὸς τὸν τριταῖον ἐπιφορᾶς φησιν ὀνομασθῆναι τὸν ἡμιτριταῖον· διὰ τρίτης γὰρ ἐπισημασίαι ἀμφοτέροις.
But Agathinus says that the semitertian was named from its relation to the tertian; for in both there are onsets every other day.
πότερον οὖν ὥραις ἢ διαστήμασι χαρακτηρίζεται ὁ ἡμιτριταῖος;
Is the semitertian, then, characterized by hours or by intervals?
κατὰ μὲν τὸν Ἀγαθῖνον, οὔτε ὥραις οὔτε διαστήμασιν· ἀμφότερα γὰρ ταῦτα παραγεγραμμένον ἔχει τὸ μέγεθος, ὡς καὶ ἡμιτριταῖον ἀπεριορίστως ἔχειν τὴν σύστασιν ἐν πλάτει, ὥραις τε ὡς παρεπομέναις.
According to Agathinus, neither by hours nor by intervals; for both of these have their magnitude defined, so that the semitertian has its establishment without limit in breadth, and has hours as accompanying features.
τεταρταίῳ δὲ παρακολουθεῖ ῥίγη σύντονα, καὶ φλεγματώδεις ἔμετοι, καὶ σπληνὸς φλεγμονὴ καὶ διόγκωσις, ἔσθ’ ὅτε δὴ καὶ ἀνορεξία καὶ σιελισμὸς παρέπεται, ποτὲ δ’ ἐκ τῶν ἐναντίων ὄρεξις ἐπιτεταμένη, βηχίον τέ ποτε συμπάρεστιν αὐτῷ, καταφθειρομένης τῆς ἕξεως.
And a quartan fever is accompanied by intense chills, phlegmatic vomitings, inflammation and enlargement of the spleen, and sometimes indeed loss of appetite and salivation accompany it, but sometimes, on the contrary, an intense appetite, and sometimes a slight cough is present with it, as the habit is being destroyed.
διὰ τοῦτο δύσλυτοι καὶ χρονιώτεροι παρὰ πάντας τοὺς τύπους, ὥστε καὶ μέχρι διετοῦς προβαίνειν.
On this account they are harder to resolve and more chronic than all the types, so as even to advance up to two years.
ἐπιπλέκεται δὲ σφοδρυνόμενος αὐτὸς ἑαυτῷ, ὥστε β΄ καὶ γ΄ ἀποτελεῖν τεταρταίους, ἢ καὶ μέχρι τινὸς συνεχείας προβαίνειν, καὶ πάλιν ἐκεῖνος μετριάζων εἰς ἕνα περιίσταται.
And it is complicated, intensifying itself, so as to produce double or triple quartans, or even to advance to some degree of continuity, and again when it moderates, it reverts to a single one.
γίγνονται δὲ ἐνίοτε καὶ κινδυνώδεις διὰ τὰ πεπλεγμένα αὐτῷ συμπτώματα, ὥστε φθίσιν τὸ τελευταῖον ἢ παρεγχύσεις ὑδρωπικὰς ἀποτελεῖν.
And sometimes they also become dangerous because of the symptoms complicated with it, so as to produce at last consumption or dropsical infiltrations.
πλεονάζει δὲ μάλιστα φθινοπώρῳ καί ἐστι μάλιστα δύσλυτος· ὁ δὲ θερινὸς εὐλυτώτατος.
It abounds especially in autumn and is especially hard to resolve; but the summer one is the easiest to resolve.
καὶ κατὰ πολὺ μὲν ἄλλων προηγησαμένων ἐπιγίνεται ἀτάκτως· σπανίως δ’ ὅτε καὶ αὐτὸς ἀπὸ τῆς ἀρχῆς συνίσταται.
And for the most part, it supervenes irregularly after others have preceded; and it is rare when it is established of itself from the beginning.
σφυγμὸς δὲ τοῖς τριταΐζουσιν οὐκ ἐπὶ τοσοῦτον παρέπεται σμικρὸς τῷ μεγέθει, ἐφ’ ὅσον τοῖς τεταρταΐζουσιν, οὐδὲ μὴν ἐπὶ τοσοῦτον διογκοῦται, ἐφ’ ὅσον τῇ ἀμφημερινῇ νόσῳ τυγχάνει.
The pulse in those suffering from tertian fever is not so small in magnitude as in those suffering from quartans, nor indeed is it so enlarged as it happens to be in the quotidian disease.
μεσότης γὰρ τῶν σφυγμῶν ἐν τύπῳ τούτῳ κατὰ τοὺς σφυγμοὺς εὑρίσκεται· ἔστι δ’ ὅτε καὶ κατ’ ἀρχὰς τῶν ἐπισημασιῶν ἀραιότερος παρὰ τοὺς ἐν τῷ κατὰ φύσιν εὑρίσκεται, οἱ μὲν ἀποσώζοντες τὰ τυπικὰ τῶν ἡμερῶν κινήματα παρὰ τρεῖς, οἱ δὲ ἀτυπώτατοι παρ’ ἕνα.
For a certain medium of pulses is found in this type regarding the pulses; and sometimes at the beginnings of the onsets it is found to be rarer than those in the natural state, some preserving the typical movements of the days every three days, and others being most atypical every other day.
οἱ μὲν οὖν ἀποσώζοντες τὰ τυπικὰ τῶν ἡμερῶν κινήματα ἤτοι παρὰ τὴν συνήθη τῶν ὡρῶν προλαμβάνουσιν, ἢ ἐφυστεροῦσιν· ἄτακτοι δὲ γίγνονται καὶ παρὰ τὸ εἶδος τῶν κινήσεων, ὥστε ποτὲ μὲν προλαμβάνουσι, ποτὲ δὲ ἐφυστερίζουσιν, ἀτάκτως δὲ ἑκάτεροι παρὰ τὸ ποτὲ μὲν κινεῖσθαι ἀτάκτως, ποτὲ δὲ ἵστασθαι, μηδέποτε δὲ τεταγμένως, ἔνθα παρ’ οὐδενὸς κεκώλυται, μένοντος τοῦ κατὰ τὰς ἡμέρας σχήματος ἐν ταῖς ἐπὶ μέρει συμφόροις ἀταξίαις μόναις.
Now those that preserve the typical movements of the days either anticipate the usual hours or postpone them; and they become irregular also in the form of the movements, so that sometimes they anticipate and sometimes they postpone, and both are irregular because sometimes they move irregularly and sometimes they stand still, but never in an orderly fashion, where it is prevented by nothing, while the pattern of the days remains only in the partial accompanying irregularities.
οἱ δὲ ἀτυπώτατοι παρὰ πάντας μὲν τοὺς κατηριθμημένους τρόπους καὶ παρὰ τὴν τάξιν γίγνονται τῶν ἡμερῶν· τινὲς μὲν ἐπισημαίνουσι, τινὲς δὲ παντελῶς εἰσιν ἄτακτοι· τὰς δὲ ἐπὶ εἴδους διαφορὰς πλείονας εἶναι συμβέβηκεν.
But the most atypical occur contrary to all the enumerated ways and contrary to the order of the days; some indeed show onsets, but some are completely irregular; and it happens that the differences in species are more numerous.
ἔξεστι δὲ σκοπεῖν τῷ προειρημένῳ τρόπῳ καὶ συμπλέκειν ὡς ἂν βούληται τὰ τῶν προειρημένων τύπων ἰδιώματα.
And it is possible to observe in the aforementioned way and to combine as one wishes the peculiarities of the aforementioned types.