§4#1Ἀμφημερινὸς δέ ἐστιν ὁ καθ’ ἑκάστην ἡμέραν μίαν ἐπισημασίαν καὶ τὴν αὐτὴν ἔμμετρον ἐν τῷ μήκει καὶ μίαν καὶ τὴν αὐτὴν ἄνεσιν ποιούμενος.
A quotidian fever is one that produces each day one and the same onset, moderate in length, and one and the same remission.
τριταῖος δέ ἐστιν ὁ διὰ τρίτης μίαν καὶ τὴν αὐτὴν ἐπισημασίαν σύμμετρον ἐν τῷ μήκει καὶ μίαν καὶ τὴν αὐτὴν ἄνεσιν ποιούμενος.
A tertian fever is one that produces every other day (every third day) one and the same onset, symmetrical in length, and one and the same remission.
τεταρταῖος δέ ἐστιν ὁ διὰ τετάρτης μίαν καὶ τὴν αὐτὴν ποιούμενος ἄνεσιν.
A quartan fever is one that produces every two days (every fourth day) one and the same remission (and onset).
τὰ αὐτὰ δὲ νοείσθω περὶ πεμπταίου καὶ ἑβδομαίου καὶ εἴ τις ἄλλη τύπων εὑρίσκεται τάξις.
And let the same things be understood about quintan and septan fevers, and if any other order of types is found.
ἀμφημερινῷ δὲ παρέπεται ὑγρότης ἕξεως, καὶ φλεγματώδεις ἔμετοι, καὶ δίψος οὐκ ἐπιτεταμένον, καὶ βαρυσμὸς τοῦ σώματος ὅλου, καὶ ὕπνος καρώδης καὶ καταφορικὸς, καὶ σφυγμὸς μέγας καὶ ἀραιὸς καὶ χαῦνος, τὸ πρόσωπον ὑποῖδον καὶ χαῦνον καὶ πεπονῶδες καὶ πολλὴν ἐμφαῖνον τὴν τῆς ὕλης καχεξίαν καὶ τροπήν.
A quotidian fever is accompanied by moisture of the habit, phlegmatic vomitings, a thirst that is not intense, heaviness of the whole body, comatose and somnolent sleep, a large, rare, and soft pulse, and the face slightly swollen, flabby, ripe-looking, and showing much cachexia and change of the matter.
καὶ σπλὴν δὲ ἐν τύπῳ τούτῳ παρακολουθήσει σκληρώδης.
And a hardened spleen also follows in this type.
χρονίζοντος δ’ αὐτοῦ, τρομώδεις καὶ ληθαργώδεις καταφοραὶ καὶ θώρακος ῥευματισμοὶ καὶ παρεγχύσεις ὑδερικαί.
When it becomes chronic, tremulous and lethargic comas, rheumatisms of the chest, and dropsical infiltrations occur.
συνίσταται δὲ μάλιστα ἐπὶ στομάχῳ κακοπραγοῦντι.
It is established especially upon a malfunctioning stomach.
παρέπεται δὲ τριταίῳ δίψος ἐπιτεταμένον, ἔγκαυσις, δριμεῖς καὶ χολώδεις ἔμετοι, ἀσιτίαι, καὶ ῥιπτασμοί.
A tertian fever is accompanied by intense thirst, burning heat, acrid and bilious vomitings, loss of appetite, and tossing about.
κατὰ πολλὰ μὲν τῷδε ῥίγη προηγοῦνται, ποτὲ δὲ καὶ περίψυξις.
For the most part, chills precede this, and sometimes also a chilliness of the whole body.
σφυγμὸς δὲ τοῖς τριταΐζουσι μικρὸς καὶ πυκνὸς παρέπεται.
A small and frequent pulse accompanies those suffering from tertian fever.
αἱ νύκτες αἱ πρὸ τῶν παροξυντικῶν ἡμερῶν δύσφοροι γίγνονται, ἐπιτεινομένης δὲ τῆς νόσου οὐκέτι γίγνονται δύσφοροι, ἀλλὰ καὶ πυρετὸν ἱστᾶσι, καὶ οὕτω πυρέττοντες μεταβάλλουσί ποτε τὸν τριταῖον εἰς ἡμιτριταῖον.
The nights before the paroxysmal days become troublesome, but as the disease intensifies they are no longer troublesome, but they even establish a continuous fever, and thus feverish, they sometimes transform the tertian into a semitertian.
ἔστι δὲ πάντων τύπων εὐλυτώτερος ὁ τύπος οὗτος, καὶ μάλιστα εἰ συσταίη ἐν θέρει.
This type is, of all types, the easiest to resolve, and especially if it should be established in summer.
παρασεσημείωται δὲ ὁ Ἱπποκράτης λέγων· τριταῖος ἀκριβὴς κρίνεται ἐν ἑπτὰ περιόδοισι τὸ μακρότατον. σπανίως δὲ χρονίζει, καὶ μάλιστα εἰ μὴ συσταίη φθινοπώρου λήγοντος ἤδη καὶ τῷ χειμῶνι προσάπτοντος.
Hippocrates has noted this, saying: "An exact tertian is decided in seven periods at the longest." It rarely becomes chronic, and especially if it should not be established when autumn is already ending and bordering on winter.
ἔστι δὲ καὶ τὰ οὖρα ξανθὰ, πάρεστι δὲ τούτοις καὶ ἀγρυπνία.
The urine is also yellow, and watchfulness (insomnia) is also present with these.
πάντα δὲ ὅσα παρακολουθεῖ τῷ τριταίῳ, καὶ ἡμιτριταίῳ ταῦτα συμβέβηκε· καὶ γὰρ καὶ τοῦ αὐτοῦ κεκοινωνήκασι γένους, διὰ τρίτης ποιούμενοι τάς τε τῶν ἀνέσεων καὶ τῶν παροξυσμῶν ἀνταποδόσεις· ἴδιον δὲ περὶ τῶν τύπων τῶν ἡμιτριταίων συμβέβηκεν ἡ παρέκτασις τῶν ἐπισημασιῶν, καὶ τὸ μετὰ περιψύξεως ἐπὶ τὸ πλεῖστον καὶ ταῖς ἀκμαῖς μηδέπω συντετελεσμέναις προσεδρεύειν ἃς ἰδίως ἐπαναδιπλώσεις καλοῦμεν.
All things that accompany the tertian also happen to the semitertian; for indeed they have shared the same genus, making every other day the turn of both remissions and paroxysms; but peculiar to the types of semitertians is the prolongation of the onsets, and that, for the most part with chilliness, while the peaks are not yet completed, those which we peculiarly call "epadiploses" (re-doublings) persist.
ἔστι δὲ κινδυνώδης ὁ ἡμιτριταῖος οὐ μόνον τοῦ στομάχου καὶ τοῦ νευρώδους καθαπτόμενος καὶ καθόλου τῶν μέσων, ἀλλὰ καὶ ληθαργικὰς ἐπιφέρων καταφορὰς καὶ παρακρουστικὰς ἀγρυπνίας, ἔστι δ’ ὅτε καὶ συγκοπτικὰς διαφορήσεις, γλῶσσάν τε ἰσχυρῶς ξηραίνει, καὶ λειποθυμίαν ἀπεργάζεται, σφοδρῶς κινῶν τὰ ἐν τῷ βάθει, καὶ καθόλου ἄγριός τέ ἐστι καὶ κινδυνοδέστατος οὗτος ὁ τύπος.
The semitertian is dangerous, not only attacking the stomach and the nervous system and generally the central parts, but also bringing on lethargic comas and delirious watchfulness, and sometimes even syncopic sweats; it dries the tongue severely and produces fainting, violently disturbing the things in the depth, and in general this type is savage and most dangerous.
ἔσθ’ ὅτε μὲν δὲ ἀπὸ τῆς πρώτης ἡμέρας συνίσταται, καθάπερ καὶ οἱ λοιποὶ τύποι· ποτὲ δ’ ἀπὸ τῆς δευτέρας καὶ τρίτης ἡμέρας ἄρχεται, ὥστε μεγίστη αἰτία ἀπάτης γίγνεται τοῖς ἰατροῖς τῇ τοιαύτῃ εἰσβολῇ.
Sometimes indeed it is established from the first day, just like the other types; but sometimes it begins from the second and third day, so that such an invasion becomes the greatest cause of deception for physicians.
γεννᾶται δὲ καὶ ἀπὸ τριταίου παρεκταθέντος, καὶ λυόμενος ἐνίοτε εἰς τριταῖον ὑποστρέφει, ποτὲ δὲ καὶ διακόπτεται τοῦ μήκους τοῦ κατὰ τὴν ἐπισημασίαν εἰς β΄ τριταίους καὶ ἀμφημερινούς.
It is also generated from a prolonged tertian, and when resolved it sometimes returns to a tertian, and sometimes its length during the onset is cut interruptedly into two tertians and quotidians.
πλεονάζει δὲ ἐπὶ μὲν τῆς φύσεως τῆς κατὰ τοὺς ἄνδρας, ἡλικίας δὲ τῆς κατὰ τοὺς ἀκμάζοντας, ὥρας δὲ μᾶλλον τῆς φθινοπωρινῆς, ὅτε καὶ λίαν κινδυνώδης τυγχάνει.
It abounds in the nature of men, in the age of those in their prime, and rather in the autumn season, when it also happens to be exceedingly dangerous.
ἔστι δὲ οὐ πάντοτε συνεχὴς, ἀλλὰ καὶ διαλείπων εὑρίσκεται.
It is not always continuous, but is also found to be intermittent.
παραδίδοται δὲ ὑφ’ Ἱπποκράτους τὸ μὴ μόνον αὐτὸν ἐν τοῖς ὀξέσι καταριθμεῖσθαι, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐν τοῖς χρονίζουσιν.
It is handed down by Hippocrates that it is numbered not only among acute diseases but also among chronic ones.
ἔχει δὲ καὶ τὰς κατὰ τὸ μέγεθος διαφορὰς τρεῖς.
And it also has three differences according to magnitude.