§1.12ἐμοὶ οὖν τοῦτο πρῶτον καλὸν δοκεῖ διαπράξασθαι, ὅτι Τισσαφέρνην μὲν ἐμφανίσας ἐπίορκον ἄπιστον πᾶσιν ἐποίησεν, ἑαυτὸν δʼ ἀντεπιδείξας πρῶτον μὲν ὅρκους ἐμπεδοῦντα, ἔπειτα συνθήκας μὴ ψευδόμενον, πάντας ἐποίησε καὶ Ἕλληνας καὶ βαρβάρους θαρροῦντας συντίθεσθαι ἑαυτῷ, εἴ τι βούλοιτο.
Therefore, this seems to me the first noble deed he accomplished: that by exposing Tissaphernes as a perjurer, he made him untrustworthy to all, while by showing himself in return, first as keeping his oaths and next as not violating treaties, he made everyone, both Greeks and barbarians, make agreements with him with confidence, if he wished anything.
§1.13ἐπεὶ δὲ μέγα φρονήσας ὁ Τισσαφέρνης ἐπὶ τῷ καταβάντι στρατεύματι προεῖπεν Ἀγησιλάῳ πόλεμον, εἰ μὴ ἀπίοι ἐκ τῆς Ἀσίας, οἱ μὲν ἄλλοι σύμμαχοι καὶ Λακεδαιμονίων οἱ παρόντες μάλα ἀχθεσθέντες φανεροὶ ἐγένοντο, νομίζοντες μείονα τὴν παροῦσαν δύναμιν Ἀγησιλάῳ τῆς βασιλέως παρασκευῆς εἶναι·
But when Tissaphernes, growing arrogant because of the army that had come down, declared war on Agesilaus unless he should depart from Asia, the other allies and the Lacedaemonians present made it very clear that they were distressed, thinking that the force present with Agesilaus was smaller than the King's preparation.
Ἀγησίλαος δὲ μάλα φαιδρῷ τῷ προσώπῳ ἀπαγγεῖλαι τῷ Τισσαφέρνει τοὺς πρέσβεις ἐκέλευσεν ὡς πολλὴν χάριν αὐτῷ ἔχοι ὅτι ἐπιορκήσας αὐτὸς μὲν πολεμίους τοὺς θεοὺς ἐκτήσατο, τοῖς δʼ Ἕλλησι συμμάχους ἐποίησεν.
But Agesilaus, with a very bright countenance, ordered the envoys to report back to Tissaphernes that he felt great gratitude to him because, by perjury, he had made the gods his own enemies but had made them allies to the Greeks.
§1.14ἐκ δὲ τούτου εὐθὺς τοῖς μὲν στρατιώταις παρήγγειλε συσκευάζεσθαι ὡς εἰς στρατείαν· ταῖς δὲ πόλεσιν εἰς ἃς ἀνάγκη ἦν ἀφικνεῖσθαι στρατευομένῳ ἐπὶ Καρίαν προεῖπεν ἀγορὰν παρασκευάζειν.
Immediately after this, he ordered his soldiers to pack up as if for a campaign; and he gave advance notice to the cities which he must necessarily pass through while marching against Caria, to prepare a market.
ἐπέστειλε δὲ καὶ Ἴωσι καὶ Αἰολεῦσι καὶ Ἑλλησποντίοις πέμπειν πρὸς αὑτὸν εἰς Ἔφεσον τοὺς συστρατευσομένους.
He also sent instructions to the Ionians, Aeolians, and Hellespontines to send to him at Ephesus those who were to join the campaign.
§1.15ὁ μὲν οὖν Τισσαφέρνης, καὶ ὅτι ἱππικὸν οὐκ εἶχεν ὁ Ἀγησίλαος, ἡ δὲ Καρία ἄφιππος ἦν, καὶ ὅτι ἡγεῖτο αὐτὸν ὀργίζεσθαι αὐτῷ διὰ τὴν ἀπάτην, τῷ ὄντι νομίσας ἐπὶ τὸν αὐτοῦ οἶκον εἰς Καρίαν ὁρμήσειν αὐτόν, τὸ μὲν πεζὸν ἅπαν διεβίβασεν ἐκεῖσε, τὸ δὲ ἱππικὸν εἰς τὸ Μαιάνδρου πεδίον περιήγαγε, νομίζων ἱκανὸς εἶναι καταπατῆσαι τῇ ἵππῳ τοὺς Ἕλληνας πρὶν εἰς τὰ δύσιππα ἀφικέσθαι.
Tissaphernes, therefore, both because Agesilaus had no cavalry and Caria was unsuited for horses, and because he believed that Agesilaus was angry with him on account of the deceit, truly thinking that he would rush into Caria against his own estate, transferred all his infantry there, and led his cavalry round into the plain of the Maeander, thinking that he would be able to trample down the Greeks with his horsemen before they could reach terrain difficult for horses.
§1.16ὁ δὲ Ἀγησίλαος ἀντὶ τοῦ ἐπὶ Καρίαν ἰέναι εὐθὺς ἀντιστρέψας ἐπὶ Φρυγίας ἐπορεύετο· καὶ τάς τε ἐν τῇ πορείᾳ ἀπαντώσας δυνάμεις ἀναλαμβάνων ἦγε καὶ τὰς πόλεις κατεστρέφετο καὶ ἐμβαλὼν ἀπροσδοκήτως παμπληθῆ χρήματα ἔλαβε.
But Agesilaus, instead of going against Caria, immediately turned around and marched toward Phrygia; and taking along the forces that met him on the march, he led them, subdued the cities, and by invading unexpectedly, captured an immense amount of wealth.
§1.17στρατηγικὸν οὖν καὶ τοῦτο ἐδόκει διαπράξασθαι, ὅτι ἐπεὶ πόλεμος προερρήθη καὶ τὸ ἐξαπατᾶν ὅσιόν τε καὶ δίκαιον ἐξ ἐκείνου ἐγένετο, παῖδα ἀπέδειξε τὸν Τισσαφέρνην τῇ ἀπάτῃ, φρονίμως δὲ καὶ τοὺς φίλους ἐνταῦθα ἔδοξε πλουτίσαι·
This also, then, he was thought to have accomplished in a masterly general-like way: that since war had been declared, and from that moment deceiving became both holy and just, he showed Tissaphernes to be a mere child in deceit, and also seemed to have enriched his friends here in a prudent manner.
§1.18ἐπεὶ γὰρ διὰ τὸ πολλὰ χρήματα εἰλῆφθαι ἀντίπροικα τὰ πάντα ἐπωλεῖτο, τοῖς μὲν φίλοις προεῖπεν ὠνεῖσθαι, εἰπὼν ὅτι καταβήσοιτο ἐπὶ θάλατταν ἐν τάχει τὸ στράτευμα κατάγων· τοὺς δὲ λαφυροπώλας ἐκέλευσε γραφομένους ὁπόσου τι πρίαιντο προΐεσθαι τὰ χρήματα.
For when, because a vast amount of booty had been captured, everything was being sold for next to nothing, he advised his friends to buy, saying that he would soon lead the army down to the sea; and he ordered the booty-sellers to deliver the goods after recording at what price they bought each item.
ὥστε οὐδὲν προτελέσαντες οἱ φίλοι αὐτοῦ οὐδὲ τὸ δημόσιον βλάψαντες πάντες παμπληθῆ χρήματα ἔλαβον.
Consequently, without paying anything in advance, and without injuring the public treasury, his friends all obtained a vast amount of wealth.
§1.19ἔτι δὲ ὁπότε αὐτόμολοι ὡς εἰκὸς πρὸς βασιλέα ἰόντα χρήματα ἐθέλοιεν ὑφηγεῖσθαι, καὶ ταῦτα ἐπεμέλετο ὡς διὰ τῶν φίλων ἁλίσκοιτο, ὅπως ἅμα μὲν χρηματίζοιντο, ἅμα δὲ ἐνδοξότεροι γίγνοιντο.
Furthermore, whenever deserters, as is natural, wished to point out treasure being conveyed to the King, he took care that this also should be captured through his friends, so that they might at once enrich themselves and become more distinguished.
διὰ μὲν δὴ ταῦτα εὐθὺς πολλοὺς ἐραστὰς τῆς αὑτοῦ φιλίας ἐποιήσατο.
By these means, indeed, he straightway made many eager seekers of his friendship.
§1.20γιγνώσκων δʼ ὅτι ἡ μὲν πορθουμένη καὶ ἐρημουμένη χώρα οὐκ ἂν δύναιτο πολὺν χρόνον στράτευμα φέρειν, ἡ δʼ οἰκουμένη μὲν σπειρομένη δὲ ἀέναον ἂν τὴν τροφὴν παρέχοι, ἐπεμέλετο οὐ μόνον τοῦ βίᾳ χειροῦσθαι τοὺς ἐναντίους, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοῦ πρᾳότητι προσάγεσθαι.
Knowing that a ravaged and desolated land could not support an army for a long time, whereas one that was inhabited and sown would provide a continuous supply of food, he took care not only to subdue his opponents by force, but also to win them over by gentleness.
§1.21καὶ πολλάκις μὲν προηγόρευε τοῖς στρατιώταις τοὺς ἁλισκομένους μὴ ὡς ἀδίκους τιμωρεῖσθαι, ἀλλʼ ὡς ἀνθρώπους ὄντας φυλάττειν, πολλάκις δὲ ὁπότε μεταστρατοπεδεύοιτο, εἰ αἴσθοιτο καταλελειμμένα παιδάρια μικρὰ ἐμπόρων, ἃ πολλοὶ ἐπώλουν διὰ τὸ νομίζειν μὴ δύνασθαι ἂν φέρειν αὐτὰ καὶ τρέφειν, ἐπεμέλετο καὶ τούτων ὅπως συγκομίζοιντό ποι.
And he often ordered his soldiers not to punish those who were captured as wrongdoers, but to guard them as human beings; and often, when he moved camp, if he perceived that small children of merchants had been left behind—whom many used to sell because they thought they would not be able to carry and feed them—he took care that these too should be gathered together somewhere.
§1.22τοῖς δʼ αὖ διὰ γῆρας καταλειπομένοις αἰχμαλώτοις προσέταττεν ἐπιμελεῖσθαι αὐτῶν, ὡς μήτε ὑπὸ κυνῶν μήθʼ ὑπὸ λύκων διαφθείροιντο.
Moreover, in the case of captives who were left behind because of old age, he commanded that they should be cared for, so that they might not be destroyed by dogs or wolves.
ὥστε οὐ μόνον οἱ πυνθανόμενοι ταῦτα, ἀλλὰ καὶ αὐτοὶ οἱ ἁλισκόμενοι εὐμενεῖς αὐτῷ ἐγίγνοντο.
Consequently, not only those who heard of this, but even the captives themselves became well-disposed toward him.
ὁπόσας δὲ πόλεις προσαγάγοιτο, ἀφαιρῶν αὐτῶν ὅσα δοῦλοι δεσπόταις ὑπηρετοῦσι προσέταττεν ὅσα ἐλεύθεροι ἄρχουσι πείθονται· καὶ τῶν κατὰ κράτος ἀναλώτων τειχέων τῇ φιλανθρωπίᾳ ὑπὸ χεῖρα ἐποιεῖτο.
And whatever cities he won over, he removed from them all such services as slaves perform for masters, and imposed only what free men render to rulers; and those strongholds that were impregnable by force, he brought under his control by his humanity.